streamlines

NBC

Caribbean

Gulf/FL Straits

Gulf Stream Extension

Equator

EKE

€

u'2 +v'2

2

25-30 Sv

10-15 Sv

NBC : retroflection

Chlorophyll tells the same story

28 Sv

10-15 Sv; SEC

13-18 Sv; NEC

Circulation in the Caribbean sea

Loop current eddies

Florida Strait: Temperature, Salinity cross-section.(Hatched area is Considered primary as S.Atlantic)

Geostrophyin the Florida Strait

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f∂v

∂z=g

ρ 0

∂ρ

∂x∝∂T

∂x

Transport variability

Surface and deep flow

Florida Straits, 30 Sv

Cape Hatteras, 80 Sv

Meander path, 100 Sv

Gulf Stream Re-circulation cell, 7

0 Sv

Cold core rings

Warm core rings

Gulf StreamGulf StreamTransportTransport

1 Sv = 106 m3/s

westerlies

trades

Ekman Convergence

Ocean responseWes

tern

bou

ndar

y cu

rren

tGyre circulationGyre circulation