Application of SEA in Infrastructure Planning

STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT CONFERENCE, Jakarta, 4 – 5 DECEMBER 2017

By:

Bambang Tri Sasongko Adi (PT HATFIELD INDONESIA)

Images are downloaded from https://www.competeprosper.ca/

Outlines

• Introduction• Infrastructure development plan (2015-2019)• Infrastructure sector and SDGs• Characteristics of infrastructure development• Is AMDAL only sufficient?• SEA for infrastructure program• SEA Typology• Why require SEA?• International practices• SEA for infrastructure sector

Introduction

• Infrastructure is the main driver of growth in Indonesian economy;

• Infrastructure investment commitments could raise Indonesia’s GDP by 0.3 percent, out of 0.9 percent additional growth from all of implemented commitments by 2018 (tax, SMEs, business licenses, manpower, market, etc.)1

• Strategic infrastructure projects are usually complex and beyond the capacity of AMDAL to address environmental and social issues

12017 Growth Strategy – Indonesia (G20 Germany 2017)

Selected Infrastructure Development Plan (2015-2019)2

2 Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)

• 49 new dam and 33 HPP

• 1 Mio Ha irrigation dev.• 3 Mio Ha Rehabilitation

• 341 cities/districts Sanitary Landfill

• 22,500 Ha reduced flooding

• 35 MW electricity• 2 @ 2x300 kb oil refinery• Expansion of gas facilities

• 2,650 Km new roads• 1,000 Km toll roads• 46,770 Km improvement

• 24 new ports• 60 connecting ports• Sea toll development

• 3,258 Km new railways (Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Kalimantan)

Infrastructure to support SEZ (Specific Economic Zone)2

2 Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)

Infrastructure and SDGs3

Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all

3The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development: Challenges and Opportunities for Indonesia. ILO discussion paper for Conference on Indonesia’s Agenda for SDG’s toward Decent Work for All Jakarta 17-18 February 2016

Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

Distribution of growth Employment opportunities Capacity of local workers

Business Opportunities Sustainable landuses Industrial best practices

Reduce flooding Climate change adaptation Env. degradation

Characteristics of Infrastructure

Infrastructure

Protected/ Conservation

areas

• Balikpapan –Samarinda toll road

• Probolinggo –Banyuwangi toll road

Across Boundaries

• Trans Sumatra and Java toll road

• Gas pipeline

• Trans Kalimantan railways

Strategic Sector

• Trade and investment• Tourism

• Mining, etc.

• Rural/urban development• Agriculture and forestry,

Multiplier Effect

• Settlement• Farming• Land conversion

Spatial Planning

• RTRWN – RTRWP –RTRWK

• Overlapping issues

Land Acquisition

• Livelihood change and monitoring

• Indigenous peoples

Environment

• Biodiversity• Decreases natural resources

• Social perception

Is AMDAL Only Sufficient?Project

investment planning,

infrastructure and service

delivery

Project’s surrounding Biophysical,

Human and Social Environment

AMDAL: Only focus in project area. Other activities outside of project area that are not related are excluded

SEA: Focus on a wider context (landscape, watershed, regional). Project area is part of the planning stage for wider sustainable investment

Sumber: Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)

Sumber: Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)

Sumber: Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)

Sumber: Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)

Sumber: Kementerian PPN/BAPPENAS (2014)

SEA for Infrastructure Program

AMDAL 3, etc.AMDAL 1 AMDAL 2PROJECT LEVEL

PROGRAM / SECTOR

REGIONAL SEA FOR RPJMD

Environmental and Social Carrying Capacity, risks

assessment for specific infrastructure program

Framework for biodiversity, socio-

culture, and environmental management

Assessment of alternatives,

environmental services, recommendation for

PPP

NATIONAL

SEA FOR SPATIAL PLAN

SEA

FO

R IN

FRA

STR

UC

TUR

E P

RO

GR

AM

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

SEA Typology4

Policy Plan Program Project

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AMDAL

REGIONAL & PROGRAM SEA

POLICY SEA SECTOR SEA

International Applications: International Cooperation, national budgeting, long terminvestment plan, legislative proposal, global and sector policies, poverty eradication policy,landuse and spatial plan, sector plan (infrastructure, agriculture, tourism, mining, etc.)

4 Partodario (2000) & Nurlambang (2009)

SP SEA

Why Require SEA?5

• Increasing benefit of development.

• Assurance of sustainable results from development.

• Avoid mistakes in the planning/prediction in the early stage of PPP;

• Negative impact at the project area can be managed and prevented effectively, as environmental consideration has been included in the Policy, Plan and Program stage.

5 Nurlambang (2009)

International practices• Strategic Environmental

Assessment in the Transport Sector: An Overview of Legislation and Practice in EU Member States. EC-DG Environment, October 2000

• Report on Strategic Environmental Assessment for the Energy Sector Development of the Rep. of Serbia by 2025 with projection until 2030 (2013)

• Strategic Environmental Assessment for Wind Power and Solar PV in South Africa (2015)

• SEA for Fundy Tidal Energy, Nova Scotia Department of Energy (2008)

• Strategic Environmental Assessment for Future Leasing for Offshore Wind Farms and Licensing for Offshore Oil & Gas and Gas Storage (2009)

• Integrating SEA into Power Planning. ADB (2015)

• Strategic Environmental Assessment for Transport in Four Nordic Countries (November 1999)

• Strategic Environmental Assessment to Improve Infrastructure Impact Assessments in Brazil (2013)

SEA for Infrastructure Sector

• Regulation on SEA: Law 32/2009 and PP 46/2016;

– Plan, Policy and Program that has the potential causing impacts and/or environmental risks

– Public request for PPP to have a SEA

THANK YOUFor further information, please contact:

Bambang Tri Sasongko Adi

PT Hatfield Indonesia

bambangtsa@hatfieldgroup.com