Storms Violent LOW pressure systems Rotate counterclockwise in N. Hemisphere due to Coriolis Effect...
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Transcript of Storms Violent LOW pressure systems Rotate counterclockwise in N. Hemisphere due to Coriolis Effect...
![Page 1: Storms Violent LOW pressure systems Rotate counterclockwise in N. Hemisphere due to Coriolis Effect In the United States, storms generally travel WEST.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062802/56649eb65503460f94bbffaf/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Storms
• Violent LOW pressure systems• Rotate counterclockwise in N. Hemisphere due to Coriolis
Effect• In the United States, storms generally travel WEST to EAST
because of global winds (westerlies)• Types include:
– Mid-latitude cyclonic storms – Tornadoes– Blizzards – Hurricanes– Thunderstorms
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Mid-Latitude Cyclonic Storms
LL
L
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Blizzards
• Mid-latitude storm occurring in winter• Very high winds, very low temperatures, and
falling/blowing snow
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Thunderstorms• Form in warm, moist, unstable air that rises
(updrafts) towering cumulonimbus clouds• Causes heavy rain/hail, lightning (discharge
of electricity), and thunder (lightning heats air and expands explosively)
• Lightning in slow motion
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Tornadoes• Violently rotating column of air that hangs down
from thunderstorm clouds• Center of funnel (vortex) has extremely low
pressure causing extremely strong winds• Relatively small and short-lived (minutes to hours)• Damage measured with Fujita scale
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Tornado Mechanics
• Tornado Strength
• Tornado Location =
“Tornado Alley” in central U.S.
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Water Spouts = vortex forms over body of water (not land)
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1. Weather disturbances
Thunderstorm forms off the coast of Africa
A hurricane’s birth: IngredientsA hurricane’s birth: Ingredients
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2. Warm water
• Sea surface temperatures of 80°F or higher is the fuel
• Hurricanes occur from June – November (Hurricane season) in lower latitudes
Low pressure sucks water up from the ocean like a straw!
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3. Coriolis effect
Rotation of Hurricane
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4. Consistent Wind Speed and direction
• Upper level winds in the same direction as the low pressure system
Let’s put them all together…
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Storm Surge• Height of incoming water above normal high tide
– Surge of water produced by the winds of the incoming hurricane causes major damage
Before and after Hurricane Katrina (Biloxi, MS)
• Leading cause of death from hurricanes is FLOODING
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As air pressure drops in the center, wind speed increases (higher gradient).
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• 1. Move over colder ocean waters or onto land.
• 2. Large scale upper level winds are unfavorable
A Hurricane’s Death:
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What if a Category 3 hurricane hit Long Island this year?
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• http://www.stormsounds.com/home/index.html