STORAGE Ppt Awesome

8/6/2019 STORAGE Ppt Awesome

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STORAGESTORAGEIdentify the components of theIdentify the components of theIDE subsystem.IDE subsystem.

Identify the storage devices thatIdentify the storage devices thatshipped on a system.shipped on a system.

Identify how to troubleshootIdentify how to troubleshootstorage devices with givenstorage devices with given

scenarios.scenarios.

Identify key differences betweenIdentify key differences between

IDE devicesIDE devices..


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What is IDE?What is IDE?An IDE interface is an interface for massAn IDE interface is an interface for mass

storage devices, in which the controller isstorage devices, in which the controller isintegrated into the disk or CDintegrated into the disk or CD--ROM drive.ROM drive.

IDE is a data bus for storage devices. It isIDE is a data bus for storage devices. It isunique because it doesn't require aunique because it doesn't require a

separate card. The controller is now partseparate card. The controller is now partof the drive. That is why it is calledof the drive. That is why it is calledintegrated drive electronics.integrated drive electronics.


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What does ATAPI mean?What does ATAPI mean?

Short for AT Attachment Packet Interface, anShort for AT Attachment Packet Interface, anextension to EIDE (also called ATAextension to EIDE (also called ATA--2) that2) thatenables the interface to support CDenables the interface to support CD--ROM playersROM players

and tape drives.and tape drives.

It is another extension to IDE that enables CDIt is another extension to IDE that enables CD--ROM and similar drives to communicate over theROM and similar drives to communicate over theIDE channel. It is faster than standard IDE, butIDE channel. It is faster than standard IDE, butnot as fast as some ATA drives.not as fast as some ATA drives.


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What steps should I take to troubleshoot myWhat steps should I take to troubleshoot my

CD or DVD drive if it stops working?CD or DVD drive if it stops working?


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Other IDE DevicesOther IDE Devices

Other IDE devices are ZipOther IDE devices are Zipdrives, CDdrives, CD--RW, DVD,RW, DVD,DVD+RW, and LSDVD+RW, and LS--120 drives.120 drives.The primary difference in theThe primary difference in the

drives is the media the devicedrives is the media the deviceuses.uses.


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DVD DrivesDVD DrivesThe primary use for a DVD drive is toThe primary use for a DVD drive is to

watch a movie. One of the bestwatch a movie. One of the best

features of DVD drives is that theyfeatures of DVD drives is that theyare backward compatible with CDare backward compatible with CD--ROMs. This means that DVD playersROMs. This means that DVD players

are an extension of CDare an extension of CD--ROMROMtechnology.technology.


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DVD TechnologyDVD Technology The core technology is a laser that is reflected off a media disk thatThe core technology is a laser that is reflected off a media disk that

is encoded with pits representing binary 1s and 0s. However, DVDis encoded with pits representing binary 1s and 0s. However, DVDdiffers from CDdiffers from CD--ROM in that it has a higher data capacity and betterROM in that it has a higher data capacity and bettererror detection and correction (figure 2.2).error detection and correction (figure 2.2).

Data Capacity: A DVD can store 4.7 GB of data on a single layer,Data Capacity: A DVD can store 4.7 GB of data on a single layer,

single sided disk. Up to 17 GB on a double sided, double layeredsingle sided disk. Up to 17 GB on a double sided, double layereddisk.disk. Double sided, double layered: A DVD disk is made like a CDDouble sided, double layered: A DVD disk is made like a CD--ROMROM

disk, but more intricately. The "pits" on a DVD are smaller and thedisk, but more intricately. The "pits" on a DVD are smaller and the"tracks" are closer together, allowing more data to be stored in the"tracks" are closer together, allowing more data to be stored in thesame space. (Everything is more compact on the disk.) In addition,same space. (Everything is more compact on the disk.) In addition,a DVD disk can store data on both sides, and each side can storea DVD disk can store data on both sides, and each side can store

data not only on the reflective "base" layer, but also on a semidata not only on the reflective "base" layer, but also on a semi--reflective, semireflective, semi--transparent layer. Thus a DVD disk can have up totransparent layer. Thus a DVD disk can have up tofour recording surfaces on a "Doublefour recording surfaces on a "Double--sided, Doublesided, Double--layer" disk. Thislayer" disk. Thisallows for the massive amount of data per disk.allows for the massive amount of data per disk.


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DVDTrack Pattern (left) vs.DVDTrack Pattern (left) vs.

CDCD--ROM

Track Pattern (right)ROM

Track Pattern (right)


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Most common problems with hardMost common problems with hard

drivesdrives Hardware causes:Hardware causes: BIOS (System Setup) SettingsBIOS (System Setup) Settings

Drive not seen in BIOSDrive not seen in BIOS

Data CablesData Cables Bad, wrong or missing cableBad, wrong or missing cable

Power problemsPower problems Bad, wrong or missing cable with power supplyBad, wrong or missing cable with power supply

Jumper settingsJumper settings Incorrectly umpiredIncorrectly umpired

Software causes:Software causes: Operating System or other softwareOperating System or other software

Operating system or files are corrupted or missingOperating system or files are corrupted or missing Bad FAT file systemBad FAT file system

Perceptions and expectations:Perceptions and expectations: Hard drive noiseHard drive noise Size of the hard driveSize of the hard drive Poor performance of the drivePoor performance of the drive


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Causes of no bootCauses of no boot Hard disk drive has failed.Hard disk drive has failed.

Hard disk drive partition is corrupted or primaryHard disk drive partition is corrupted or primarypartition is not set active.partition is not set active.

Hard disk drive track 0 is corrupted.Hard disk drive track 0 is corrupted.

Memory or cache has failed.Memory or cache has failed.

Boot sector on hardBoot sector on hard--disk drive is corrupted ordisk drive is corrupted or

infected by a virus.infected by a virus. It can also be caused by almost everything elseIt can also be caused by almost everything else

described in this sectiondescribed in this section -- Cables, Jumpers, BIOSCables, Jumpers, BIOS


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No Boot TroubleshootingNo Boot Troubleshooting

AlwaysAlways check the BIOS to see if the HDD is detectedcheck the BIOS to see if the HDD is detected

Reseat the HDD IDE cable on both ends and the powerReseat the HDD IDE cable on both ends and the powercable.cable.

If the deviceIf the device isis detected in the BIOS butdetected in the BIOS butnot bootingnot booting::

Assuming the drive is detected, run the 90/90 BIOSAssuming the drive is detected, run the 90/90 BIOSQuick Test to verify drive functionality.Quick Test to verify drive functionality.

--If the test passesIf the test passes thnthn it should be a softwareit should be a softwarecauseVerifycauseVerify any error messages after POSTany error messages after POST

Boot the system to a DOS bootable floppy or theBoot the system to a DOS bootable floppy or theResource CD and try to access the hard drive.Resource CD and try to access the hard drive.

Using the FDISKUsing the FDISK utility,verifyutility,verify that the drive has anthat the drive has anactive, primary partitionactive, primary partition


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Data CablesData Cables Check and Reseat theCheck and Reseat the

Data CablesData Cables

Check the IDE PortCheck the IDE Port

Swap the Data CablesSwap the Data Cables

Checking theChecking thePower CablesPower Cables

Checking theChecking thejumper settingsjumper settings


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Perceptions and expectationsPerceptions and expectations

Hard drive noiseHard drive noise Revolutions Per Minute (RPM): Hard drives canRevolutions Per Minute (RPM): Hard drives can

spin at differentspin at different RPMs.RPMs. The faster the RPM, theThe faster the RPM, themore noise the hard drive will make.more noise the hard drive will make.

Movement of the Drive's Heads: The hard driveMovement of the Drive's Heads: The hard driveuses heads to read information from its platters.uses heads to read information from its platters.The movement of a head can cause differentThe movement of a head can cause differentnoisesnoises

Physical Damage: If the hard drive experiencesPhysical Damage: If the hard drive experiencesa problem with the platter, the head, or thea problem with the platter, the head, or thespindle, a grinding or chirping sound can occur.spindle, a grinding or chirping sound can occur.


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Diagnostics ToolsDiagnostics Tools90/90 Diagnostics90/90 Diagnostics

LocationLocation :System:System

BIOS,ResourceCD,Support.Dell.ComBIOS,ResourceCD,Support.Dell.Com DEBUG, FDISK, and FORMATDEBUG, FDISK, and FORMAT

Location:Location: SystemBios,ResourceSystemBios,ResourceCDCD

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