Stick a Computer on it: How to Embed a Microcontroller into Anything
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Stick a Computer on it: How to Embed a Microcontroller
into Anything
WatITis 2011 PresentationDecember 6th, 2011
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What is a microcontroller• It’s a computer• Most of you probably already know that• It’s a self-contained computer on a
microchip, just add code and electricity
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What is a microcontroller• “a small computer on a single
integrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals” - wikipedia
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What is a microcontroller• They have made huge leaps in technology
in the past 20 years• This is where I show my age• (I’m not THAT old)
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(my) History of microcontrollers
• Mid-90’s you had to do the following to get a microcontroller working:
• Plot out your circuit, plan your inputs and outputs
• Refer to pre-ordered information sheets to find the microcontroller model that you think will work best for your application
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(my) History of microcontrollers
• Order and read the user manual• Know the chip like the back of your hand• Find and install the development
environment• If you were lucky, the dev. env. came with
a debugger, if not, find a 3rd-party debugger, learn it and use it
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(my) History of microcontrollers
• Code in assembler• Test the code on the debugger, hit the
space bar a lot• Sell your soul, get it to work in theory• Buy a programmer ($200 - 1000)• Buy your chip(s) ($30+ each)• Program your chip
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(my) History of microcontrollers
• Test it out• Doesn’t work? Throw it out. Or spend 2-3
times more on a reprogrammable chip• Re-learn everything• Gouge out your eyes in frustration• But when it works, its better than sex
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Why they didn’t take off• Expensive (initial set up cost and waste)• Difficult to use and learn (variety)
– Frequently had to re-learn things between manufacturers, product lines, years
• Lengthy development time (very stepwise)
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Microcontrollers today• Easy peasy lemon squeezy
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Microcontrollers today• Recent explosion in the past 5 years• Cheap• Easy to learn (Java and .NET)• Rapid prototyping
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Microcontrollers today• PICAXE System• BasicX• NETduino• Arduino
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Shake hands with the Arduino
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Arduino• Cheap (<$30) development model
– Ardweeny costs $7• Easy to use
– Java-based languages• Quick prototyping
– Reprogrammable in situ
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Arduino• Very active and healthy community• 100% Open-source project
– Development environment is Open-source– Libraries are Open-source– The physical board is Open-source
• Eagle files are available to download and modify
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Arduino• Microcontroller: ATmega328 • Operating Voltage: 5V • Input Voltage (recommended): 7-12V • Input Voltage (limits): 6-20V • Digital I/O Pins: 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output) • Analog Input Pins: 6 • DC Current per I/O Pin: 40 mA • DC Current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA • Flash Memory: 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader • SRAM: 2 KB (ATmega328) • EEPROM: 1 KB (ATmega328) • Clock Speed: 16 MHz
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Arduino - Expansion• Many companies have grown that create
custom “shields” or add-on attachments that piggyback onto an Arduino board.
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Arduino - Expansion• Motor • Wifi/Bluetooth/Cell/IEEE 802.15.4
Networks • LCD Displays• Ethernet Networking• GPS• SD Card
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Arduino - Community• Home automators• E-textiles• CNC/3D printing• Robotics• Interactive art• Drones
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Arduino - Community• Many companies have formed that make
their own custom Arduino boards for very specific applications
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Arduino - Community• Ardupilot (diydrones.com)
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Where to start• Buy an Arduino ($30)
– Robotshop.ca– Creatroninc.com
• Dig up a USB cable• Buy the following books:
– Getting started with Arduino ($10)– Getting Started in Electronics (?)
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Where to start• Buy a soldering iron ($15 - 40), learn to
solder– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BLfXXRfRIz
Y• Buy/salvage parts, and start building
– KW Surplus– Princess Auto– Old electronics
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Where to start• If you are frugal and do your research, you
can buy an Ardweeny for about $7, soldering iron for $15, and salvage parts for free.
• If you are not careful you can easily spend your paycheque on lots of parts that will sit in your basement unused and your wife complain about it. Possibly.
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Embedding in anything• Arduinio Fio
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Embedding in anything• Arduino Fio is one of the custom Arduino
boards, developed by the Arduino team• Built-in IEEE 802.15.4 support so you can
control, reprogram, and send information wirelessly
• Powered by Li-Po battery
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Embedding in anything• Hack a kids toy car, now it’s a remote
controlled-car• Combine a sprinkler system with a motion
sensor, now it’s a squirrel-drencher• Add it to a cat toy, cat now tweets every
time it hits the toy• Add a thermal printer, display tweets in
old-timey ticker-tape format
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Really. Ticker tape twitter.
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Not-so-useful embedding• Twitty kitty
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Useful embedding• Bakery
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Useful embedding• Internet cat feeder
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Be creative• A lot can be done quickly if you have the $• A lot can be done quickly for (almost) free
if you are creative
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Thank-you• I always like to chat and share new ideas• [email protected]• jaymis.net (http://jaymis.net/2011-watitis/)• @jwgoertz
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