STEREOTYPE BIAS

Office of DiversityWorkshop Module #2

UNDERSTANDING THE CONTEXT

“The relevance of stereotype bias”

WHAT IS IT?

• Definition– A perceiver's actions, although based upon initially erroneous

beliefs about a target individual may channel social interaction in ways that cause the behavior of the target to confirm the perceiver's beliefs.• Clip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjghjnQD7hk

– Combinations of warmth and competence generate distinct emotions of admiration, contempt, envy, and pity. From these inter- group emotions and stereotypes, the behavior from intergroup affect and stereotypes (BIAS) map predicts distinct behaviors: active and passive, facilitative and harmful

Sources: http://europhd.eu/html/_onda02/07/PDF/17th_lab_scientificmaterials/guan/cuddy_fiske_glick_2007.pdf http://www.people.hbs.edu/acuddy/2008,cuddy,fiske,%26glick,Advances.pdf

STEREOTYPE BIAS MAP

EXPRESSIONS OF BIAS• Fueled by Social Perception

– Social perception is one important component of social competence and social success

• Includes:– 3 Domains of Competence

• 1. Knowing that others have thoughts, beliefs, emotions, intentions, desires, etc.• 2. Being able to “read” other people’s inner states based on their words, behavior, facial

expression• 3. Adjusting one’s actions based on those “readings”

– Combinations of warmth and competence generate distinct emotions• Admiration• Contempt• Envy• Pity

Sources: http://www.projectlearnet.org/tutorials/social_perception.htmlhttp://jefferson.library.millersville.edu/reserve/COMM301_Paul_SocialPerception.pdf

TYPES OF BIAS

• Two dominant types:– Inter-Group• Explicit vs. Implicit

– Out-Group• Event Related Potential

Sources:http://www.uky.edu/AS/PoliSci/Peffley/pdf/Sniderman/Amodio_et_al_2008_JPSP_Individual%20Differences

%20in%20the%20Regulation%20of%20Intergroup%20Bias.pdfhttp://www-personal.umich.edu/~prestos/Downloads/DC/9-30_Hewstoneetal2002.pdf

THE WORKPLACE

• Stereotype– Within the workplace environment, entrepreneurs

were perceived to have predominantly masculine characteristics.

– Both men and women perceive entrepreneurs to have characteristics similar to those of males (masculine gender role stereotype), only women also perceived entrepreneurs and females as having similar characteristics (feminine gender-role stereotype).

Source:http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00296.x/full

GENDER

• Stereotype:– Women are more communal (selfless and concerned with

others) and less agentic (self-assertive and motivated to master) than men.

• Result:– Women are more likely to hold positions of lower status and

authority– Women are more likely than men to be Less homemakers– Less likely to be employed in the paid work force

Source:http://gribouts.free.fr/psycho/menace%20du%20st%E9r%E9o/eagly-roles%20sociaux.pdf

RACE

• Implicit Race Bias– Implicit stereotyping and prejudice often

appear as a single process in behavior, yet functional neuro-anatomy suggests that they arise from fundamentally distinct substrates associated with semantic versus affective memory systems

Source: http://www.psych.nyu.edu/amodiolab/Publications_files/Amodio_Devine_2006.pdf

AGE

• Context– There is suggestion of age bias of older individuals rather

than younger

• Stereotype– Younger individuals lack commonsense, are more

technologically advanced than old persons, more efficient in the workplace, have more energy

– Old persons lack current, up-to-date information and skills, need supervision, are useless after age 60

• Result– Job-threat, devaluing opposite group

Source:http://bschool.nus.edu/departments/ManagementNOrganization/publication/RichArveypublist/meta-analysix-age%20bias.pdf

SOCIAL CLASS

• Stereotype: – Lower or working-class individuals are less likely to

graduate high school– More likely to commit crime– More likely to be obese– To be portrayed as physically out of control, loud,

overly sexual, and dress in loud and inappropriate clothing

– Be incompetent

Source: http://workingclassstudies.wordpress.com/2008/09/08/stereotyping-the-working-class/

ABLEISM

• Stereotype– Disabled people are victims, exotic freaks, clowns,

pitiful and sweet, burden and outcast, deviant, inspirations, incapable of full participation in every day life

• Result– Shun or not included in every day activities, looked

down on, pitied, seen as incompetent, treated different

Source: http://www.hiram.edu/psychology/documents/FINAL%20PUB%20BJSP%20849.pdf

DIMINISHING THE BARRIERS

“How to eliminate stereotype bias”

COMMUNICATION IS KEY

• Stereotypes help people connect with others in the community

• Communicators tend to share more stereotype-consistent information rather than stereotype-inconsistent information

• Be open to learning about and sharing with other individuals from diverse backgrounds, that may be unfamiliar to you.Source: http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/psp/93/6/1028/

TAKING THE NEXT STEP

• Contrarily, mistaken social perceptions lead to self-fulfilling prophecies– Steps to breaking the barriers include:

1. Understand the Problem– Re-evaluate where your information about the group

came from– Getting to know the individual, not the group

objectively

2. Environment Support– Everyday communication with peers, family, and

others of diverse backgrounds

3. Instructional Strategies to Assist1. Social perception training including discu

REFERENCEShttp://europhd.eu/html/_onda02/07/PDF/17th_lab_scientificmaterials/guan/cuddy_fiske_glick_2007.pdf http://www.people.hbs.edu/acuddy/2008,cuddy,fiske,%

26glick,Advances.pdf http://www.projectlearnet.org/tutorials/social_perception.html http://

jefferson.library.millersville.edu/reserve/COMM301_Paul_SocialPerception.pdf

http://www.uky.edu/AS/PoliSci/Peffley/pdf/Sniderman/Amodio_et_al_2008_JPSP_Individual%20Differences%20in%20the%20Regulation%20of%20Intergroup%20Bias.pdf

http://www-personal.umich.edu/~prestos/Downloads/DC/9-30_Hewstoneetal2002.pdf

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00296.x/full http://gribouts.free.fr/psycho/menace%20du%20st%E9r%E9o/eagly-roles

%20sociaux.pdf http://www.psych.nyu.edu/amodiolab/Publications_files/Amodio_Devine_2

006.pdf http://bschool.nus.edu/departments/ManagementNOrganization/publicati

on/RichArveypublist/meta-analysix-age%20bias.pdf http://workingclassstudies.wordpress.com/2008/09/08/stereotyping-the-

working-class/ http://www.hiram.edu/psychology/documents/FINAL%20PUB%20BJSP%20

849.pdf http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/psp/93/6/1028/

ANY QUESTIONS?

Thank You!

Office of DiversityIndiana State University

200 N. 7th St., Rankin 426Terre Haute, IN 47809