Stefano Salvi Chair of the Supersites Advisory Committee Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk...

Geohazard Supersites & Natural Laboratories

New knowledge for a more effective DRR through Earth Observation

Stefano SalviChair of the Supersites Advisory Committee

Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, Sendai, March 2015


DRR and satellite EO

During the last four decades, satellite imagery has proved to

be very well suited for providing important information to

support Disaster Risk Reduction, in particular for Geohazards.

HOWEVER:

Are satellite data fully exploited for DRR?

Unfortunately not


Inaccessible data and unexploited knowledge

Especially, but not only, in developing countries, data are not easily accessible to map and study geohazards. Sometimes are not even acquired.

Where they are acquired and become available there may be a lack of capacity to use them.

But even when they are well analysed by the scientific community, the important new knowledge generated is in many cases not efficiently exploited.

Restricted data access

Research capacity gap

Slow knowledge uptake

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The Geohazards Supersites concept

A voluntary partnership aiming to demonstrate in high risk areas of the world (the Supersites) a streamlined and efficient process by which geohazard research results obtained by the global scientific community can directly benefit local Disaster Prevention and Response activities.

http://www.earthobservations.org/gsnl.php


The Geohazard Supersite partnership

The Local Monitoring Agencies

CEOS Space agencies

The Local & Global Scientific Communities

The Local DRM Agencies

In situ data

Satellite data

Knowledge

DRR actions


First bulding block: the data

CEOS Satellite data

In-situ data


Science Team #1

Science Team #2

Science Team #3

Science Product

A’

Science Product

…

Science Product

A’’’

Science Product

…

Science Product

A’’

CEOS Satellite data

In-situ data

The value-added chain


Science Team #1

Science Team #2

Science Team #3

Science Product

A’

Collaborative knowledge processing(compare, validate, model, report)

Consensus product generation(hazard model, predictive scenario, etc.)

Science Product

…

Science Product

A’’’

Science Product

…

Science Product

A’’

CEOS Satellite data

In-situ data

… a synthesis is needed …

Virtualrepository


Science Team #1

Science Team #2

Science Team #3

Science Product

A’



Science Product

…

Science Product

A’’’

Science Product

…

Science Product

A’’

CEOS Satellite data

In-situ data

Collaborativeprocess

coordinatedby localagency

Virtualrepository

… driven by local agencies …


Science Team #1

Science Team #2

Science Team #3

Science Product

A’



Science Product

…

Science Product

A’’’

Science Product

…

Science Product

A’’

CEOS Satellite data

In-situ data

Risk products to local DRM users

Collaborativeprocess

coordinatedby localagency

Virtualrepository

… which will provide the information to DRM users


Supersites proposals

They are submitted by national geohazard monitoring agencies, and must be supported by the wider scientific community.

Supersite proposals are evaluated by the Supersite Advisory Committee and by the CEOS.

Resources should be obtained independently by the partners, who could leverage on the Supersite framework.

The proposal must address priorities and requirements from the local DRM users.


Active geohazard Supersites & Points of Contact

1. Hawaiian volcanoes – PoC is US Geological Survey, USA2. Icelandic volcanoes – PoC is Univ. of Iceland3. Etna volcano – PoC is Natl. Inst. Geophysics and Volcanology,

Italy4. Campi Flegrei volcano – PoC is Natl. Inst. Geophysics and

Volcanology, Italy5. Western North Anatolian Fault – PoC is Kandilli Observatory

and Earthquake Research Institute, Turkey6. Taupo Volcano – PoC is GNS Science, New Zealand7. Tungurahua and Cotopaxi volcanoes – PoC is Instituto

Geofísico, Ecuador


A success story: the Bardabunga eruption 2014

Main volcano is under 800 m thick ice cap.Worst scenario was magma/water mixing, causing strong explosions, 10-km high volcanic ash/gas plume, subglacial floods. Possible very strong impacts on:

Regional air traffic. Eyjafjallajökull eruption, in 2010 caused 100,000 flights to be canceled, for a 5 Bn$ damage.

Global air quality. Laki eruption in 1783 caused global climate effects leading to a number of global casualties in excess of hundreds of thousands.


The Icelandic volcano supersite

www.futurevolc.hi.is


January2015

August 2014

Seismic data show magma migration


Satellite image coverage through the Supersite


InSAR images shows dyke transferring magma for 45 km out of ice area, reducing impact of eruption


GPS and InSAR allowed modeling of the source

Geohazard Supersites & Natural LaboratoriesEnergy

Dyke mapping

Depth

Magma volume


A coordinated effort to support response

Analyses of Supersite data by various international research teams, coordinated by University of Iceland and with the local Civil Protection Agency, contributed to provide important information to update the situational awareness, directly driving important decisions by DRM users.


To submit a Supersite proposal

Write to:Stefano Salvi: [email protected] Gaetani: [email protected]

http://www.earthobservations.org/gsnl.php

Stefano Salvi Chair of the Supersites Advisory Committee Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk...

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