PRESENTED BY : SANJOG S. SHIRSAT

ROLL NO. 05253

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION Primary function of the steering Primary function of the steering

system is to achieve angular motion of system is to achieve angular motion of the front wheels to negotiate the turn. the front wheels to negotiate the turn.

This is done This is done through linkage and steering gear through linkage and steering gear

which convert the rotary motion of the which convert the rotary motion of the steering wheel into angular motion of steering wheel into angular motion of

the front road wheels. the front road wheels.

MECHANICAL STEERINGS MECHANICAL STEERINGS The different types of mechanical The different types of mechanical steerings used in modern cars are : steerings used in modern cars are : RACK AND PINION STEERING.RACK AND PINION STEERING.RECIRCULATING BALL BEARING .RECIRCULATING BALL BEARING .MANUAL WORM AND SECTOR STEERING.MANUAL WORM AND SECTOR STEERING.WORM AND TAPERED PEG STEERING.WORM AND TAPERED PEG STEERING.MANUAL WORM AND ROLLER STEERING.MANUAL WORM AND ROLLER STEERING.WORM AND NUT STEERING.WORM AND NUT STEERING.WORM AND WHEEL STEERING.WORM AND WHEEL STEERING.

RACK AND PINION STEERINGRACK AND PINION STEERINGRack-and-pinion steering Rack-and-pinion steering is quickly becoming the is quickly becoming the most common type of most common type of steering on cars, small steering on cars, small trucks and SUVs. It is trucks and SUVs. It is actually a pretty simple actually a pretty simple mechanism. A rack-and-mechanism. A rack-and-pinion gear set is enclosed pinion gear set is enclosed in a metal tube, with each in a metal tube, with each end of the rack protruding end of the rack protruding from the tube. A rod, from the tube. A rod, called a tie rod, connects called a tie rod, connects to each end of the rack .to each end of the rack .

RECIRCULATING BALL RECIRCULATING BALL STEERINGSTEERING

Recirculating-ball steering Recirculating-ball steering is used on many trucks is used on many trucks and SUVs (sport utility and SUVs (sport utility vehicle) today. The vehicle) today. The linkages that turns the linkages that turns the wheels is slightly different wheels is slightly different than on a rack and pinion than on a rack and pinion system. The recirculating system. The recirculating ball steering gear contains ball steering gear contains a a worm gearworm gear. You can . You can imagine the gear in two imagine the gear in two parts. The first part is a parts. The first part is a block of metal with a block of metal with a threaded hole in it.threaded hole in it.

POWER STEERING POWER STEERING

1.1. POWER RACK AND PINIONPOWER RACK AND PINION

Part of the rack contains a cylinder with a Part of the rack contains a cylinder with a piston in the middle. The piston is piston in the middle. The piston is connected to the rack. There are two fluid connected to the rack. There are two fluid ports, one on either side of the pistonports, one on either side of the piston . .

HYDRAULIC POWER STEERING HYDRAULIC POWER STEERING SYSTEMSYSTEM

The most used The most used steering system. It is steering system. It is based on the based on the components of the components of the mechanical steering mechanical steering system, in addition system, in addition there is a hydraulic there is a hydraulic system, usually system, usually consisting of hydro consisting of hydro pump with V-belt pump with V-belt drive, hydraulic lines, drive, hydraulic lines, oil reservoir and oil reservoir and steering valve. steering valve.

ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC POWER ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC POWER STEERING SYSTEMSTEERING SYSTEM

The electro-hydraulic The electro-hydraulic power steering system power steering system is based on the rack-is based on the rack-and-pinion hydraulic and-pinion hydraulic power steering and its power steering and its essential new feature essential new feature is an electrically is an electrically driven hydraulic driven hydraulic pump, which pump, which substitutes the substitutes the steering pump driven steering pump driven so far by the vehicle so far by the vehicle engine .engine .

ELECTRIC POWER STEERING ELECTRIC POWER STEERING SYSTEMSYSTEM

The electric power The electric power steering system steering system combines a combines a mechanical steering mechanical steering system with an system with an electronically electronically controlled electric controlled electric motor to a dry power motor to a dry power steering. The steering. The hydraulic system, hydraulic system, which so far delivered which so far delivered the steering boost, is the steering boost, is substituted by an substituted by an electrical system. electrical system.

BMW Active SteeringBMW Active Steering

BMW's Active Steering, a true BMW's Active Steering, a true breakthrough in steering technology, breakthrough in steering technology, supports the driver at all speeds, supports the driver at all speeds, particularly in the lower and medium speed particularly in the lower and medium speed range .range .

ACTUAL PHOTO PRESENTING LOCATION AND VIEW OF ACTIVE SREERING

STEER BY WIRE SYSTEMSSTEER BY WIRE SYSTEMS The main feature of The main feature of future steering future steering systems is the missing systems is the missing direct mechanical link direct mechanical link between steering between steering wheel and steered wheel and steered wheels. With such a wheels. With such a steer-by-wire steering steer-by-wire steering system the missing system the missing steering column’s steering column’s function must be function must be reproduced in both reproduced in both directions of action. directions of action.

ADVANTAGES OF STEER-BY-ADVANTAGES OF STEER-BY-WIRE SYSTEMSWIRE SYSTEMS

Improvement of steering Improvement of steering comfort. Road disturbance is comfort. Road disturbance is first evaluated and assessed by first evaluated and assessed by the system; only useful the system; only useful information is fed to the driver.information is fed to the driver. Reduction of injury risk in an Reduction of injury risk in an accident by missing steering accident by missing steering columncolumn . .