Steam Idea Book
description
Transcript of Steam Idea Book
Idea Book of STEAM* Projects*Science****Technology****Engineering****Art****Mathematics
David Harmon, Charles Griffin and Richard St-PierreMake It Science and IBM Systems & Technology
Essex Jct., VT USA
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Make It Science – Motivating STEAM Learning
Make It Science is a volunteer organization working in conjunction with IBM’s Technical Education Outreach Program. Its mission is to provide an innovation-environment for K-12 students to explore physical sciences by building developmentally appropriate, motivational projects at very low cost
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R, St-Pierre
Speaker Pong Team Marimba de Fuego playing the electric bass marimba
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• Electro*Sci: Electricity
• Magneto*Sci: Magnetism & Electricity
• Musica*Sci: Vibration, Sound, Waves & Music
• Aero*Sci: Forces & Motion – Air Pressure
Make It Science – Motivating STEAM Learning
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R, St-Pierre
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Electro****Sci: Electricity
Demos:
– Van Der Graaf– Fun Fly Stick– ElectroCatic Generator
Hands-on Activities:
– Can Racing – Leaf Electroscopes– Electronic Electroscopes– Electro*Soda Motas– Electro*Pong Gongs
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R, St-Pierre
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Van der Graaf: Serious Charges ($150+)
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
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C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Become part of the circuit ! Play with one of the forces that hold the universe together !
Charge separation
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Fun Fly Sticks: Static Magic! ($28)
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
The Fun Fly Stick© low-cost and fun alternative to a Van der Graaf generator
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MATERIALS1. Kitty litter bucket 2. 3” PVC pipe (3.5” OD), 15” long3. ½” PVC pipe, 8” long4. ¾” CPVC pipe, 5” long5. ½” PVC end cap6. (2) tin cans, 3.5” dia., 5.75” tall 7. Real wool (mitten, hat, scarf) 8. (4) 8‐32 bolts, ¾” long 9. (8) 8‐32 lock washers and nuts10. (2) 10‐32 bolts 1.5” long11. (2) 10‐32 lock washers and nuts 12. (1) Cat (optional)
ELECTRO SCI - ElectroCatic* Generator ($0 plus 1 cat?)
* No animals were harmed in the construction and use of this device
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Hand-crank electrostatic generator
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ELECTRO SCI - Can Racers
• ¾” PVC pipe, 16” long• Soda can, 12 oz. • Real wool mitten, hat or scarf
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Race electrostatically powered soda cans! High-tech scientific equipment
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MATERIALS1. Clear, flat‐sided plastic jar2. Medium binder clip3. 1/4‐20 Bolt, 3” long4. (2) 1/4‐20 Flat washers and nuts5. 1/4‐20 Lock washer6. (2) Aluminum foil strips, ¾” x 2.25”7. Transparency w/ protractor image
ELECTRO SCI - Leaf ElectroscopeBolt (1/4-20)NutWasher
WasherNut
Binder Clip Paper Clip section
Aluminumfoil leaves
Assemble andinsert into holein jar lid
Place washer and nut on bolt and hand tighten
Attach binder clipto end of bolt andremove handles
Thread leaves onto paper clip sectionsand snap sections ontooutside of binder clips
Jar lid
Screw lid onto jar
Align protractorsection withfoil leaves andtape in place
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
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MATERIALS1. 9V battery 2. 9V battery top cap (recycled)3. N‐JFET Transistor (MPF102) 4. Red LED (e.g., Radio Shack #2 )
ELECTRO SCI Electronic Electroscope
Eletrostatic Charge sensor, http://www.eskimo.com/~billb/emotor/chargdet.html
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
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Empowerment through soldering Electroscope mounted 9V battery
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Soda Mota III
MATERIALS• Bottled‐water bottle (8 oz.) • 3 ballpoint pens (e.g., Staples, med)• 2 X 4 Wood block , 8 ¾” long• 2 Very large paper clips • Aluminum foil (2 ½ ” x 8” inches)• Transparency (1 7/8” x 8 ½ ”) • Glue stick• Double‐sided tape
ELECTRO SCI - Soda Mota
NOTE: The aluminum foil stripes on the bottle should be separated by ~ 1cm
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Construction of the Soda Moda (electrostatic motor)
Low-cost electrostatic fun !
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Constructing Pong Gong IIMATERIALS1. Two tuna cans, half opened & lid folded under2. Plastic support cut from 5‐gallon bucket3. Dental floss, 16” long (or equivalent) 4. Ping pong ball 5. No. 2 pencil for coloring6. 2 x 4 Wooden block, 4 ¾” long 7. (4) Wood screws , 1” long8. (4) 8‐32 Flat washers and nuts9. (2) 8‐32 Bolts with lock washers and star washers
Pong Gong IIIMATERIALS1. Plastic milk carton (1 gallon) 2. Dental floss, 16” long (or equivalent) 3. Ping pong ball 4. No. 2 pencil (for coloring)5. (2 ‐ 4) Brass fasteners
ELECTRO SCI - Pong Gong
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Pong Gong Electrostatic motor
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Magneto****Sci: Magnetism & Electricity
Demos:
– Magnetic Slide – Ring Flinger
Hands-on Activities:
– Loop Motors – Mag Spinners– Mag Sensors – Speakers– Electric Guitars
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
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Magneto****Sci: Magnetic Slide
Aluminum Channel*
Rare-earthMagnetic Cylinder
*Similar channels of other materials and non-magnetic rollers the same size & mass as the magnet are also useful for demonstrations
Lenz's law"An induced current is always in such a direction as to oppose the motion or change causing it“-- Heinrich Lenz
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Fg
Fm
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Magneto****Sci: Ring Flinger
On
Off
Two hundred straightened coat hangers!
2” PVC Pipe
Metal Ring
Hand-wound coil
110 VAC
Variac (optional)
Levitate or Fling Rings!
Split ring for comparison
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
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Magneto****Sci: Loop Motors
MATERIALS1. (1) 2x4 wooden block, 20 cm long 2. (1) medium binder clips 3. (1) Disk magnets 4. (2) small wood screws5. (2) large paper clips6. Copper magnet wire, ~24 gauge
(65 cm with ~ 7 cm diameter loops)7. (1) AA battery (rechargeable!)
2 x 4 Block
9.5 cm
DiskMagnet
2½ Loopsof Copper Magnet Wire
AA Battery
Paper Clips
NOTE: On each side where the copper wire can contact the paper clips, scrape the insulation off just the bottom edge of the wire with the loop vertical
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
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Magneto****Sci: Mag Spinners
2 x 4 Block
Magnets
MATERIALS1. (1) 2x4 wooden block, 20 cm long 2. (1) wooden stop, ~0.5 cm thick, ~8 cm tall 3. (5) medium binder clips 4. (6) Disk magnets 5. (1) ballpoint pen (e.g. bic, staples)6. (5) small wood screws
Wooden stop Pen
N N
N N
5.5 cm 5.5 cm
Binder Clips
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
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Magnetic levitation with a twist!
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MATERIALS1. 9V battery 2. 9V battery top cap (recycled)3. Hall Sensor (e.g., UTC U18) 4. Red LED (e.g., Radio Shack #2 ) 5. Resistor, 1 KOhms
MAGNETO SCI Mag Sensor
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Mag sensor mounted on a 9V battery Assembly of the magnetic sensor
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Magneto****Sci: Speakers
Clear Plastic bag taped to rim of jar
Copper Wire on Sewing Bobbin taped to plastic
Magnet
Tubing
BoltLarge Plastic Pretzel Jar
Section with Extra Cap
MATERIALS1. Plastic sewing bobbin 2. Copper magnet wire, 30 gauge, 40’3. Large‐mouth plastic jar4. Bolt, flat washers & nuts (14‐20) 5. Rare‐earth cylindrical magnet,
(e.g., 0.25” dia, 0.5” long)6. Plastic tubing, 0.25” ID, 1” long 7. Clear plastic sheet
Speaker with mini amp circuit and CD player
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
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Magneto****Sci: Electric Guitar
Tuning Pin
Tuning Pin
Copper Wire on Sewing Bobbin Adjustable Wire Frets
MATERIALS1. Plastic sewing bobbin 2. Copper magnet wire, 42 gauge3. Scrap floor board4. Piano tuning pins (recycled)5. Rare‐earth cylindrical magnet,
(e.g., 0.25” dia, 0.5” long)6. (2) Wooden triangle blocks (bridges) 7. Piano wire (or guitar string)8. Frozen orange juice lid9. Output jack (e.g., ¼” ) 10. Connecting wire
Output Jack
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Magnet
Jammin’ with the 1-string EM-Guitar
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Musica****Sci: Vibration, Waves, Sound & Music
Demos (requires dedicated volunteers): – String Thing– Shive Machine– Speaker Pong
Hands-on Activities:
– Coat Rack Bass– Glockenthump– Drumbone– Bucket Banjos – Marimbas– Chimephone– Balloon Bassoon
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
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Musica****Sci: The String Thing
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Multiple resonance modes demonstrated in elastic bands excited by a subwoofer speaker
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Musica****Sci: Speaker Pong & Speaker Drum
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEAM Learning
Resonance of a ping pong ball placed on a speaker cone Subwoofer speaker mounted inside a drum
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Musica****Sci: Speaker Drum
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEAM Learning
Salt crystals reveal the nodal patters on the speaker drum
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Musica****Sci: The Monotar with Lisajou* Patterns
MATERIALS1. Scrap 2 x 4, ~1 m2. Piano tuning pins
(recycled)3. Nylon fishing line4. Wooden bridge,
adjustable 5. Large binder clip
(optional)
*Lissajous curve, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lissajous_curve
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
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Linking visual and aural harmony with the Monotar string instrument
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Musica****Sci: Bucket Banjos
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Three-string Bucket Banjo construction: acoustic or piezoelectric guitars
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Musica****Sci: Coat Rack Bass & Glockenthump
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Is it a coat rack? Or, is it an instrument? PVC melodies from a plosive aerophone
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Musica****Sci: Drumbone & Flute
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Playing the slide drumbone A PVC flute: an empowering musical project
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Musica****Sci: Marimbas
??F#
392.048.3Go
784.033.7G
440.0?A
493.9?B
523.242.9C
587.339.5D
659.237.2E
698.435.9F
Freq(Hz)
Length*(cm)
Note
E FC D
Go
HW Bars
F# G
A B
* Example only; highly variableC. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Floorboard marimbas: acoustic or piezoelectric
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Musica****Sci: Pan Pipes
Go A B C D E F F# G
Foam “corks”
Tape/ frame
78412.2G?? F#689.413.5F659.214.3E587.315.8D523.217.6C493.9?B440?A39223.2Go
Frequency (Hz)
Length(cm)
Note
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
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Playing the PVC pipes of Pan
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Musica****Sci: Performance!
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
An orchestra to remember !
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Aero****Sci: Air Pressure
Demos– Balloon & Quarter, Balloon & cups– Soda Poppers– Leaf Blower Beach Ball – The Wing Thing
Hands-on Activities:– Jars Of Air– Pipes of Pong– Balloon Racing– Bernoulli Pong– String Launchers– Spin Gliders– Whirled Cup Soccer
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
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Aero*Sci: Soda Poppers
MATERIALS1. Small plastic soda bottle 2. Ping pong ball3. Small knife4. Scissors C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Use air pressure to Pop the ping pong ball out of the soda bottle
Now what ?
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Aero*Sci: Leaf Blower Beach Ball
MATERIALS1. Small leaf blower2. Beach Ball3. Extension cord
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Use the Bernoulli principle to levitate a beach ball over the crowd…
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Aero*Sci: The Wing Thing
MATERIALS1. Several manila folders 2. (1) Soda can3. (6) Straws4. Leaf blower5. Fishing line6. Suspension frame (e.g., PVC pipes)
Symmetric “wing” follows the air stream Airplane “wing” gets a “lift” from the air stream
Lift (Force), Wikipedia The Free
Encyclopedia, 4/23/10,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lift_(force).
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
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Aero*Sci: Jars of Air
MATERIALS1. (3) Large plastic peanut butter
jars (32 oz) 1. (2) Large re‐closable plastic bags2. Adhesive tape 3. (1) Large, flat rubber band4. 2 ½” hole saw (and drill press) 5. Optional: aquarium air valves,
hose & hose fittings
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Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
If the jar is empty, why can’t I put the bag back inside?
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Aero*Sci: Pipes of Pong
MATERIALS1. Several 2” diameter, clear PVC pipes 2. Several 40 mm ping pong balls 3. 2” PVC end cap
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Controlling motion of the ping pong ball inside the pipe with air pressure
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Aero*Sci: Bernoulli Pong
MATERIALS1. (~5) Plastic soda bottles2. (1) 2”x 4” x 24” scrap lumber 3. (~5) wood screws, 1” long4. (1) Computer paper box lid 5. (2) Ping pong balls
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Use air pressure and be the first one to move the ping pong ball to the center cup !
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Aero*Sci: Spin Glider
High Pressure
Low Pressure
Gravity
Lift
Drag
Thrust
MATERIALS1. (2) Paper or plastic cups 2. (1) Large rubber band 3. (1) Marker with pocket clip 4. Adhesive tape
Marker (optional)
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Spinning cups get a lift from Bernoulli
What happens now?
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Aero*Sci: Balloon Rockets
Newton’s 3rd Law: It IS Rocket Science!
FBA
FAB
FBA = -FAB
MATERIALS1. (1) Large styrofoam cup 2. (1) Straw 3. Adhesive tape 4. Many long balloons5. Small gauge wire with teflon insulation (~10’)6. Balloon pump
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Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Get ready, get set…. Gooooooo !
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Aero*Sci: Whirled-Cup Soccer
Vortex Rings, Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia, 4/18/10 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_ring
Vortex Ring Toys, Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia, 4/18/10, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_ring_toys.
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Whirl your cup across the goal line with a vortex of air* !
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. Aero*Sci: Whirled-Cup Soccer
Use an air vortex to Whirl the Cups past the goal line
Plastic Sheet
Rubber Band
Bucket
Moving Air Vortex
Air
Cups(taped)
Thrust
GoalGoalx
Clamp
Swivel
Clamp
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Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
1) Remove nut and 1 washer from each J-hook.2) Insert hooks with remaining washer and nut into the
holes inside the bucket on the bottom edges.3) Replace washer and nut on each hook outside the
bucket and hand tighten. 4) Put rubber band over 1 hook, pass it thru the “eye” of
the eye-bolt and over the other hook.5) Rotate hooks toward the sides of the bucket and
tighten securely in place.6) Remove knob, spacer, metal washer and 1 rubber
washer from eye-bolt.7) Insert eye-bolt, with remaining nut and washers thru
central hole in plastic sheet. 8) Replace rubber washer, metal washer, spacer and
knob. Hand tighten knob.9) Spread plastic sheet evenly around top of bucket so
that rubber band is slightly stretched. 10) Attach plastic sheet to top of bucket with large
cover/clamp ring.11) Trim plastic edge, if desired.
J-bolt
Cover/Clamp ring
Eye-bolt
Wooden knobWasherRubberPlasticRubberWasherNut
NutWasherBucket
WasherNut
Plastic sheet
Aero*Sci: Air Launcher
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
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Aero*Sci: Foam Plane Kit
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Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning
Construct and fly elastic-powered foam airplanes
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WIN
G
TAILFU
SELAGE
AIRPLANE 1
Note: Wing and Tail Slots Should Match Foam Thickness
slot
slot
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Make It Science
The Great Airplane Race (a.k.a., the Fantastic Foam Fling)Airplane 1 - Construction Instructions
(1) Cut out wing, tail and fuselage patterns and trace onto foam using a regular ballpoint pen.
(2) Cut out the foam shapes with sharp scissors.
(3) Carefully cut 3/8”-wide wing and tail slots in the airplane fuselage with a sharp knife.
(4) Gently squeeze the wing and tail sections through the corresponding slots in fuselage.
(5) Slide launch clip onto airplane nose and mark the hole location with a ballpoint pen.
(6) At the mark, gently force the tip of a ballpoint pen through the foam.
(7) Place launch collar on tip of pen and push pen back through foam, leaving the collar embedded in the foam.
(8) Slide launch clip over launch collar and pin in place with brass fastener. Bend over ends of fastener to secure in place.
(9) Attach binder clip to foam above launch clip. Optimize clip position for best flight.
(10) Attach rubber band to marker clip for use as a launcher.
wing
tail
fuselage
launch collar fastener
launch clip
markerrubber band
binder clip
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre
Make It Science – Motivating STEM Learning