Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

38
STATUS OF WASTE CHARACTERIZATION, RETRIEVAL, PRETREATMENT AND GROUT ACTIVITIES TO SUPPORT HWVP Presented to: Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board D. J. Newland Richland, Washington IVlay 11, 1992 Status- 1 5/11/92

Transcript of Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Page 1: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

STATUS OF WASTE CHARACTERIZATION RETRIEVAL PRETREATMENT AND GROUT

ACTIVITIES TO SUPPORT HWVP

Presented to

Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board

D J Newland

Richland Washington IVlay 11 1992

S t a t u s - 1 5 1 1 9 2

f ~DTeec h nolo g y~~ Tank Waste Remediation System Database v elo pme n l ~ ~ ~ = ~

Double-Shell Tanks

DSS ~ Y e sDSSF

No ~ l t k ~ IILW~

ImprovedIssue~ LLWForm

T DST Retrieval ~

I Pretreatment Sludge Wash

and Ion ange

Characterization

i and Solids Leach Phase III New Tanks _ _

Near-Surlacelt P l a n t Technologyf Database VaultsN~slons DevelopmenlSingle-Shell

Tanks New Prelrealme~ Capability ~ 7 - - gt -~ IRU

SaletyIssues

SST Retrieval

Other

_t

Sr and Cs In-PlaceDisposal JCapsules DSS = Double-shell slurry

DSSF = Double-sheU slurry leed HLW = High-level waste

HWVP = Hanlord Wasle VIIrllicatlon Plant LLW = Low-level waste

NRC = US Nuclear Regulatory Commlsion ~ i

F SEIS = Supplemental environmental Impact slalemenl Packaging TRU = Transuranlc

Waste Characterization

Status- 3 51192

Waste Characterization

Purpose Objective

Provide tank waste data Chemical Physical Radiological

To support Resolution of tank safety issues Development of waste retrieval and pretreatment

processes Preparation of grout formulations Qualification of glass waste form Double-shell tank RCRA permit Evaporator and waste transfer operations

Status- 4 5 1192

Waste Characterization

Scope

O Liquid Sampling - Bot t le-on-a-st r ing

Sludge and Saltcal(e Sampling - Push-mode core sampler - Rotary mode core sampler

Laboratory Analysis - Several chemical physical and radionuclide methods

in use or under development

O I n - S i t u C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n

- Methods under development

S t a t u s - 5 5 1 1 9 2

El Service ~icedilcedilcedilcedilcedil bull i bull T r a i l e r

TFL Ro Sa~

E x h a u s t e r

Quillbull Rod

C l a m p and~Drill g W a s h e r A s s e m b l y to A t m o s p h e r e )

Core-Barrel anti Drill B i t

I

- - _ L

I

i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j

|

bull bull i

_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7

1

~ ~ - ~ i ~ -

~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~

bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~

bull ~

- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~

-~ ~

~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~

~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y

b~ -

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u ~

4~

cent

cent L

- _ -

-

i f

i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~

0

Waste Characterization

Status

Liquid samples taken routinely as required

Sludge and saltcake sampling

All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993

Will double sampling capability

StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2

Waste Characterization

Status (cont)

Laboratory analyses

Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics

Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals

bull In-situ characterization

Remote sensors and robotic systems under development

Status- 11 51192

bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull

~ L c C-~

i

ie

| 1

F

~-~ 111

~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~

~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~

Waste Characterization

Key Issues

Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System

Limited analytical laboratory capacity

No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists

Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling

Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling

Status- 13 51192

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 2: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

f ~DTeec h nolo g y~~ Tank Waste Remediation System Database v elo pme n l ~ ~ ~ = ~

Double-Shell Tanks

DSS ~ Y e sDSSF

No ~ l t k ~ IILW~

ImprovedIssue~ LLWForm

T DST Retrieval ~

I Pretreatment Sludge Wash

and Ion ange

Characterization

i and Solids Leach Phase III New Tanks _ _

Near-Surlacelt P l a n t Technologyf Database VaultsN~slons DevelopmenlSingle-Shell

Tanks New Prelrealme~ Capability ~ 7 - - gt -~ IRU

SaletyIssues

SST Retrieval

Other

_t

Sr and Cs In-PlaceDisposal JCapsules DSS = Double-shell slurry

DSSF = Double-sheU slurry leed HLW = High-level waste

HWVP = Hanlord Wasle VIIrllicatlon Plant LLW = Low-level waste

NRC = US Nuclear Regulatory Commlsion ~ i

F SEIS = Supplemental environmental Impact slalemenl Packaging TRU = Transuranlc

Waste Characterization

Status- 3 51192

Waste Characterization

Purpose Objective

Provide tank waste data Chemical Physical Radiological

To support Resolution of tank safety issues Development of waste retrieval and pretreatment

processes Preparation of grout formulations Qualification of glass waste form Double-shell tank RCRA permit Evaporator and waste transfer operations

Status- 4 5 1192

Waste Characterization

Scope

O Liquid Sampling - Bot t le-on-a-st r ing

Sludge and Saltcal(e Sampling - Push-mode core sampler - Rotary mode core sampler

Laboratory Analysis - Several chemical physical and radionuclide methods

in use or under development

O I n - S i t u C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n

- Methods under development

S t a t u s - 5 5 1 1 9 2

El Service ~icedilcedilcedilcedilcedil bull i bull T r a i l e r

TFL Ro Sa~

E x h a u s t e r

Quillbull Rod

C l a m p and~Drill g W a s h e r A s s e m b l y to A t m o s p h e r e )

Core-Barrel anti Drill B i t

I

- - _ L

I

i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j

|

bull bull i

_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7

1

~ ~ - ~ i ~ -

~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~

bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~

bull ~

- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~

-~ ~

~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~

~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y

b~ -

~ -T

u ~

4~

cent

cent L

- _ -

-

i f

i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~

0

Waste Characterization

Status

Liquid samples taken routinely as required

Sludge and saltcake sampling

All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993

Will double sampling capability

StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2

Waste Characterization

Status (cont)

Laboratory analyses

Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics

Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals

bull In-situ characterization

Remote sensors and robotic systems under development

Status- 11 51192

bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull

~ L c C-~

i

ie

| 1

F

~-~ 111

~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~

~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~

Waste Characterization

Key Issues

Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System

Limited analytical laboratory capacity

No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists

Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling

Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling

Status- 13 51192

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 3: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Waste Characterization

Status- 3 51192

Waste Characterization

Purpose Objective

Provide tank waste data Chemical Physical Radiological

To support Resolution of tank safety issues Development of waste retrieval and pretreatment

processes Preparation of grout formulations Qualification of glass waste form Double-shell tank RCRA permit Evaporator and waste transfer operations

Status- 4 5 1192

Waste Characterization

Scope

O Liquid Sampling - Bot t le-on-a-st r ing

Sludge and Saltcal(e Sampling - Push-mode core sampler - Rotary mode core sampler

Laboratory Analysis - Several chemical physical and radionuclide methods

in use or under development

O I n - S i t u C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n

- Methods under development

S t a t u s - 5 5 1 1 9 2

El Service ~icedilcedilcedilcedilcedil bull i bull T r a i l e r

TFL Ro Sa~

E x h a u s t e r

Quillbull Rod

C l a m p and~Drill g W a s h e r A s s e m b l y to A t m o s p h e r e )

Core-Barrel anti Drill B i t

I

- - _ L

I

i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j

|

bull bull i

_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7

1

~ ~ - ~ i ~ -

~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~

bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~

bull ~

- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~

-~ ~

~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~

~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y

b~ -

~ -T

u ~

4~

cent

cent L

- _ -

-

i f

i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~

0

Waste Characterization

Status

Liquid samples taken routinely as required

Sludge and saltcake sampling

All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993

Will double sampling capability

StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2

Waste Characterization

Status (cont)

Laboratory analyses

Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics

Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals

bull In-situ characterization

Remote sensors and robotic systems under development

Status- 11 51192

bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull

~ L c C-~

i

ie

| 1

F

~-~ 111

~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~

~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~

Waste Characterization

Key Issues

Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System

Limited analytical laboratory capacity

No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists

Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling

Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling

Status- 13 51192

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 4: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Waste Characterization

Purpose Objective

Provide tank waste data Chemical Physical Radiological

To support Resolution of tank safety issues Development of waste retrieval and pretreatment

processes Preparation of grout formulations Qualification of glass waste form Double-shell tank RCRA permit Evaporator and waste transfer operations

Status- 4 5 1192

Waste Characterization

Scope

O Liquid Sampling - Bot t le-on-a-st r ing

Sludge and Saltcal(e Sampling - Push-mode core sampler - Rotary mode core sampler

Laboratory Analysis - Several chemical physical and radionuclide methods

in use or under development

O I n - S i t u C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n

- Methods under development

S t a t u s - 5 5 1 1 9 2

El Service ~icedilcedilcedilcedilcedil bull i bull T r a i l e r

TFL Ro Sa~

E x h a u s t e r

Quillbull Rod

C l a m p and~Drill g W a s h e r A s s e m b l y to A t m o s p h e r e )

Core-Barrel anti Drill B i t

I

- - _ L

I

i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j

|

bull bull i

_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7

1

~ ~ - ~ i ~ -

~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~

bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~

bull ~

- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~

-~ ~

~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~

~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y

b~ -

~ -T

u ~

4~

cent

cent L

- _ -

-

i f

i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~

0

Waste Characterization

Status

Liquid samples taken routinely as required

Sludge and saltcake sampling

All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993

Will double sampling capability

StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2

Waste Characterization

Status (cont)

Laboratory analyses

Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics

Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals

bull In-situ characterization

Remote sensors and robotic systems under development

Status- 11 51192

bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull

~ L c C-~

i

ie

| 1

F

~-~ 111

~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~

~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~

Waste Characterization

Key Issues

Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System

Limited analytical laboratory capacity

No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists

Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling

Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling

Status- 13 51192

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 5: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Waste Characterization

Scope

O Liquid Sampling - Bot t le-on-a-st r ing

Sludge and Saltcal(e Sampling - Push-mode core sampler - Rotary mode core sampler

Laboratory Analysis - Several chemical physical and radionuclide methods

in use or under development

O I n - S i t u C h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n

- Methods under development

S t a t u s - 5 5 1 1 9 2

El Service ~icedilcedilcedilcedilcedil bull i bull T r a i l e r

TFL Ro Sa~

E x h a u s t e r

Quillbull Rod

C l a m p and~Drill g W a s h e r A s s e m b l y to A t m o s p h e r e )

Core-Barrel anti Drill B i t

I

- - _ L

I

i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j

|

bull bull i

_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7

1

~ ~ - ~ i ~ -

~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~

bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~

bull ~

- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~

-~ ~

~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~

~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y

b~ -

~ -T

u ~

4~

cent

cent L

- _ -

-

i f

i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~

0

Waste Characterization

Status

Liquid samples taken routinely as required

Sludge and saltcake sampling

All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993

Will double sampling capability

StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2

Waste Characterization

Status (cont)

Laboratory analyses

Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics

Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals

bull In-situ characterization

Remote sensors and robotic systems under development

Status- 11 51192

bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull

~ L c C-~

i

ie

| 1

F

~-~ 111

~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~

~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~

Waste Characterization

Key Issues

Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System

Limited analytical laboratory capacity

No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists

Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling

Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling

Status- 13 51192

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

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L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 6: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

El Service ~icedilcedilcedilcedilcedil bull i bull T r a i l e r

TFL Ro Sa~

E x h a u s t e r

Quillbull Rod

C l a m p and~Drill g W a s h e r A s s e m b l y to A t m o s p h e r e )

Core-Barrel anti Drill B i t

I

- - _ L

I

i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j

|

bull bull i

_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7

1

~ ~ - ~ i ~ -

~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~

bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~

bull ~

- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~

-~ ~

~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~

~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y

b~ -

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u ~

4~

cent

cent L

- _ -

-

i f

i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~

0

Waste Characterization

Status

Liquid samples taken routinely as required

Sludge and saltcake sampling

All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993

Will double sampling capability

StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2

Waste Characterization

Status (cont)

Laboratory analyses

Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics

Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals

bull In-situ characterization

Remote sensors and robotic systems under development

Status- 11 51192

bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull

~ L c C-~

i

ie

| 1

F

~-~ 111

~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~

~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~

Waste Characterization

Key Issues

Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System

Limited analytical laboratory capacity

No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists

Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling

Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling

Status- 13 51192

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 7: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

I

- - _ L

I

i l~_j~ ~ ~ -bull ~ j

|

bull bull i

_ ~ ~ = - ~ ~ bull 2 9 0 0 5 0 3 7 2 7

1

~ ~ - ~ i ~ -

~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~

bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~

bull ~

- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~

-~ ~

~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~

~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y

b~ -

~ -T

u ~

4~

cent

cent L

- _ -

-

i f

i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~

0

Waste Characterization

Status

Liquid samples taken routinely as required

Sludge and saltcake sampling

All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993

Will double sampling capability

StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2

Waste Characterization

Status (cont)

Laboratory analyses

Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics

Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals

bull In-situ characterization

Remote sensors and robotic systems under development

Status- 11 51192

bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull

~ L c C-~

i

ie

| 1

F

~-~ 111

~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~

~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~

Waste Characterization

Key Issues

Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System

Limited analytical laboratory capacity

No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists

Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling

Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling

Status- 13 51192

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 8: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

1

~ ~ - ~ i ~ -

~ ~ ~ ~ bull ~ ~ - - y ~ l r ~

bull ~ T ~ ~ ~ ~

bull ~

- _ ~~ ~ -~~--~~

-~ ~

~ ~ ~ cent~ ~ ~~

~_) ~~ -~_lt~ ~ ~~ Y

b~ -

~ -T

u ~

4~

cent

cent L

- _ -

-

i f

i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~--~ ) - ~ ~

0

Waste Characterization

Status

Liquid samples taken routinely as required

Sludge and saltcake sampling

All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993

Will double sampling capability

StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2

Waste Characterization

Status (cont)

Laboratory analyses

Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics

Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals

bull In-situ characterization

Remote sensors and robotic systems under development

Status- 11 51192

bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull

~ L c C-~

i

ie

| 1

F

~-~ 111

~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~

~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~

Waste Characterization

Key Issues

Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System

Limited analytical laboratory capacity

No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists

Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling

Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling

Status- 13 51192

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 9: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

0

Waste Characterization

Status

Liquid samples taken routinely as required

Sludge and saltcake sampling

All sampling to-date by push mode Total of 15 double-shell tanks sampled Total of 27 single-shell tanks sampled 10 tanks planned to be sampled in FY 1992 Rotary mode sample truck to be available March 1993

Will double sampling capability

StatL is - 1 0 5 1 1 9 2

Waste Characterization

Status (cont)

Laboratory analyses

Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics

Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals

bull In-situ characterization

Remote sensors and robotic systems under development

Status- 11 51192

bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull

~ L c C-~

i

ie

| 1

F

~-~ 111

~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~

~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~

Waste Characterization

Key Issues

Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System

Limited analytical laboratory capacity

No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists

Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling

Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling

Status- 13 51192

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 10: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Waste Characterization

Status (cont)

Laboratory analyses

Measurements currently made for cations anions organics radionuclides corrosivity chemical reactivity and physical characteristics

Methods under development for ferrocyanide speciation organic complexants and noble metals

bull In-situ characterization

Remote sensors and robotic systems under development

Status- 11 51192

bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull

~ L c C-~

i

ie

| 1

F

~-~ 111

~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~

~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~

Waste Characterization

Key Issues

Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System

Limited analytical laboratory capacity

No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists

Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling

Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling

Status- 13 51192

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 11: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

bull ~ - ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ b ~ ~ ~ i ~ - bull

~ L c C-~

i

ie

| 1

F

~-~ 111

~- ~ ~~- ~~ ~ --~ ~-- _~- - ~ ~~ ~ bull k~i ~2~ -~r4~-~

~ H ~ ~ ~-~ ~- - ~ - --~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~-~ u --- C -~-~ ~-~~ -~ ~-~ r k~ - ~ ~ i~~ ~~-~~ f- ~ ~ ~ ~ f i - ~~~~ i~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~y~~ ~~~~~~-~~~~-~ ~ _~F~ ~ ~ - L ~ ~ ~ _ ~ ~ - ~

Waste Characterization

Key Issues

Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System

Limited analytical laboratory capacity

No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists

Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling

Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling

Status- 13 51192

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 12: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Waste Characterization

Key Issues

Magnitude of characterization data needs for Tank Waste Remediation System

Limited analytical laboratory capacity

No hard saltcake sampling capability currently exists

Impacts of tank safety issues on sampling

Regulatory requirements for single-shell tank waste sampling

Status- 13 51192

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 13: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Retrieval

S t a t u s - 14 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 14: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Retrieval

Purpose Objective

Remove wastes from double- and single-shell tanks

Treat wastes as necessary to allow transport

Support mitigation of tank safety issues

Provide suitable feed materials to pretreatment vitrification and grout facilities

Status - 1 5 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 15: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope

bull Double-Shell Tank Wastes

28tanks (one million gallons each)

24 million gallons of mostly liquid and sludge with limited saltcake

Q Single-Shell Tank Wastes

149 tanks (55000 to one million gallons)

37 million gallons of mostly saltcake and sludge with limited liquid

Status- 16 5I 1192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 16: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Retrieval

Scope (cont)

Development demonstrat ion and construct ion of retrieval systems

- In-tank waste mobil ization hardware

Waste t reatment for transport

Tank structure and support system modif icat ions

- Confinement barriers

Safety and environmental analyses and permitt ing

Status- 17 5t192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 17: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Efforts have been focussed on using Savannah River mixer pump technology Activi t ies include analysis and testing of

bull Slurry properties bull Mixing capabilities bull Erosion bull Process monitoring

- Development performed in 112-scale mockup faci l i ty

o Construction of 14-scale test facil i ty proceeding

0 Priority given to retrieve wastes from safety watch list tanks while maintaining support to tank waste disposal

Status- 18 511192

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 18: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

bull Double-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Mixer pumps expected to work for high priority watchl ist tank wastes (10 i -SY and 103-SY)

Confident mixer pump approach will work for initial feed to HWVP

Other methods may be required for higher shear strength wastes

In-tank demonstration of mixer pumps to be performed in CY 1996

S t a t u s - 1 9 5 1 1 1 9 2

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 19: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Mixing Pumps Using Slurry Jets to Re-suspend Sludge

To Treatment and Disposal

Mixer Pump Retrieval Pum Mixer Pump

Inner Shell

Fluid Level Outer Shell ii- i- i i - i i i i ii Settled ~ -~2~~-~~i~- Concrete~

3 9 0 0 1 0 5 3 1

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 20: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval

Current efforts focussed on identification evaluation and demonstration of applicable technologies for

Waste simulants 0 Tank and waste mapping 0 Tank modifications 0 Sludge and saltcake dislodging 0 In-tank maneuvering and control 0 Surveillance 0 Transport of retrieved wastes

Initial priority given to retrieval of safety watchlist tanks

Slall ls 21 5 11 92

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 21: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Retrieval

Status (cont)

Single-Shell Tank Waste Retrieval (cont)

Prior engineering studies identified long-reach robotic systems wi th multiple end effectors as prime candidates

High-water volume past practice sluicing is also a key candidate if environmental concerns can be resolved

Initial demonstration of candidate technologies will be completed in CY 1994

In-tank demonstration will be completed in CY 1999

Slatus 22 511192

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

i

~7 X ~7 i t i ~-i~ ~i- i i

L bull - bull pound ~ i - - t i

- r

~ =

- _

~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 22: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

l anK N e t r t e v a l Slu ic ing

~ ~ - ~ -~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ - ~ -

- ~ bull bull bull t ~ ) - = - - i

bullbull - ~ - ~ = _-~

4 - - ~ k~ bull n~

- Air Conveyance

bull bull bull bull gtgti Retrieval System Modulebull - ~i i i i ~ i Support Structure

bull ~ ~ ~ ~ - ~-t bull - - _ _ ~ -~=~i Distribution

i bull Module

bull o bull

bull i~

bull

~ iLr ~ ~ r~~~~~- ~ 2~ ~ ======================= ~ -

~~ L i ~ ~ ~ ~ A

i +

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~ ~~ ~i~i~ ~ ~~ ~~ gt~~Q~~b~~ i ~~~bull ~gtbull~

292010362G

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 23: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Retrieval

Key Issues

Several waste types with unique chemical and physical properties

Tank safety issues

bull Limited waste characterization data

O 66 known or suspected leaking single-shell tanks

O Aging transfer systems and tank farm infrastructure

Limited double-shell tank storage space available for retrieved wastes

S t a t u s - 24 5 1 t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 24: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status - 25 5111192

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 25: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Purpose Objective

Resolve tank safety issues by destroying organics and ferrocyanides

Minimize glass volume and disposal costs through efficient separation of radionuclides and inert material - Large fraction ( -90) of waste suitable for near

surface disposal (grout)

Small fraction ( - 1 0 ) requires disposal in geologic repository

Provide feed for vitrification and grout within allowable feed specifications

Status - 2 6 5 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 26: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Scope

O Separation of radionuclides from all Hanford high-level tank wastes

O Development demonstration and construction of pretreatment processes and related facilities

Dissolution of soluble salts Removal of cesium and strontium TRU extraction Organic and ferrocyanide destruction

Safety and environmental analyses and permitting

Sta tus - 27 5 t 1 92

0

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 27: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status

bull Disposal alternatives have been under investigation since 1970s

bull Priority being given to resolution of tank safety issues

Scoping studies initiated on ferrocyanide and organic destruction

Solids-liquid separation dissolution of soluble salts and cesium removal by ion exchange are generally proven technologies

Will result in high number of canisters separations for many waste types

without more advanced

Lab-scale testing performed on sludges in acid and remove TRU

solvent extraction process to dissolve

Bench and pilot-scale testing planned

S t a t u s - 2 8 5 1 1 1 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 28: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Status (cont)

0 Invest igat ion of alternate advanced processes init iated

Spl i t t ing by salt crystal l izat ion

- Solid sorbants

- Nitrate destruct ion

Selective leaching

Calcination and leaching

Status - 29 5 I t t 9 2

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 29: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Tank Waste Pretreatment

Key Issues

Previous feasible

reference pretreatment faci l i ty (B Plant) determined to not be

- Abi l i ty to provide cont inuing feed to vi tr i f icat ion and grout facil it ies

bull Limited waste characterization data

High disposal costs for glass canisters indicate need for advanced separation processes and potential ly large facil it ies to minimize volume of waste made into glass

0 Candidate advanced separation processes based on limited development and testing

are technical ly complex and

bull Potential need to remove cesium from initial grout feeds

Status- 30 511192

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 30: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Grout Disposal Program

S t a t u s - 3 1 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 31: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Grout Disposal Program

Purpose Objective

Environmentally safe disposal of liquid low-level tank waste

Provide tank space for retrieval and pretreatment of high-level tank wastes

Status - 3 2 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 32: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Grout Disposal Program

Scope

bull Development of grout formulations and related technology

Dry material and mixing facilities

Underground storage vaults

Safety and environmental analyses and assessments

Status - 3 3 5 I t 1 9 2

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 33: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

~ f

bull

=~lt

bull

- - 4 ~

-~-----~- i ~L

~ =

~~w7 ~ - s -

~- I

( -r

V -

~ ~ - ~ bull ~ _ _ - -

~ - ~ Z ~ _ ~ _ - - bull - ~_

~ - ~ -

Dry Materials Facility

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 34: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Grout Cap 12 In Exhauster Level Elements Injection F

Feed Line

12 In Thermal Board (2 Layers)

Geotextile

(HDPE) Plastic Curtain

Drainage Net J (2 layers)

Excess Water Removal Line

Diffusion Break

Concrete Basin

Note

HDPE=High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Curtains CCTV=Close Circuit I_-V Camera Assembly

Excess Water Pump Pits

Grout Core Sampler

CCTV Camera Assembly

Concrete Cap

Excess Water ~ansfer Unes from Pump Pits

Vault Pit

Asphalt Coating

60 mil NDPE Piastic Splash Pad secured with eight 70 Ib Sandbags

j Geotextlle Over Gravel and Under Vault

~_~ - - - - -Geotex t l l e I)ralnage Gravel

HDPE Liner

~ Leachate Removal Pipe

iiii

Leachate Collection Sump and Risers

Concrete Sump Encasement

Structural Backfill

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 35: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

o ol

c~

I April 1991 ~-~~~~+_ ~ ~

iGrout Vaults Under ConstructionI -~+~ -~-~ i i~ ~ ~ t lt~ -~ +- - - ~ +-~~~+-

- - - - ~ T + 2 C ~ - - _ + + + - + _ + Z ~ - ~ + _ - X - -- -++ - - -~ _=z~ ~Z - ~7+~==-=~I + -~ - ~_ - ~- - ~ Z E -

- - + ~ - = - - bull E - ~ _ _ _ - ~ _ _ _ - i + ~ cent ~ _ ~ - ~ ~ - l i + ~ - - - _ ~ ~ ~ - ~ _ - ~ + ~r+ - - - i~+~_ w r ~+t ~ - - + + ~ i + ~ - ~ - + ~ ~ i ~ lt ~ E ~ - _ ~ _ _ -_ bull ~ - - ~ bull

~ - ~ - - - _

~ ~ Y 7 - - - ++1 ~ - -~ + - + -- ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - ~

~ bull + ~~~ - ~ - ~

~ ~ 7

+

gtq

~ ~ ~ ~ I o

) Ol

bull ~ 0

M

[ i~-~ gt

-it

~IIII~- ~ ~ -lt ~+U~+~+~_T~~~- ~~a

~ i ~ ~li ~ IY~ J ~ ~++ ~ ~_ZiA++~_C~ ~ ~~~+~+- _~-+~~ ~ ~~ ~+ ~ z++ ~-~ V +~ - ~ ~ - ~ - 7 V ~ L o

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 36: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Grout Disposal Program

Status

O Major facilities constructed

bull Initial demonstration vault filled with grout in 1989

Construction of next four vaults nearing completion

O Final Safety Analysis Report being finalized

Procedures and facilities being completed

Long-term environmental Performance Assessment being augmented to address peer review comments

Operational Readiness Review underway

Slatl l~ 38 5 1 1 9 2

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2

Page 37: Status of Waste Characterization, Retrieval, Pretreatment ...

Grout Disposal Program

Key Issues

Amount of radionuclides in waste planned for grout disposal

bull Petition to NRC on prior ruling on Hanford low-level wastes

Grout waste form and barrier performance and degradation

Uncertain variety and Hanford tank wastes

quantity of Land Disposal Restricted

Impacts of tank space limitations if grout program delayed

bull Implementation of alternate waste form for future low-level

S l a t ~ s - 39

materials in

wastes

5 1 1 9 2