Status of ITS Status of ITS researchresearch

May 6May 620102010

Peter SweatmanPeter Sweatman

sweatman@umich.edusweatman@umich.edu

David Kapp

University role in ITS researchUniversity role in ITS research

n Current university role is subsidiaryn Universities can assist ITS to be more

transformativeo Where will the transportation funding come from?

New funding models needed.o Universities are safety leaders and safety must go

globalo Large sectors beyond “transportation” are interested

in ITS (energy, environment, sustainability); universities already have multiple interests

Current University role is Current University role is significant, yet subsidiarysignificant, yet subsidiary

Universities have the capability to cover a) through c) at least

Driver attention, response, behavior and attitudes are critical – major current university role – major data resources with minimal analysis

Developing technologies and materials eg. wireless, cellular, sensors, intelligent materialsVehicle design and performanceInfrastructure design, performance and maintenanceHighway operations and traffic modeling

a) Innovation and development

b) Demonstration and evaluation

c) Policy and standards

d) Deployment

Researching the components of the Researching the components of the systemsystem

n Drivers (2)o We don’t understand how people drive

n Vehicles (7)o Safety, advanced modeling, sensors, situational awareness

n Infrastructure (4)o Traffic operations, asset management, safety, ITS

n Information technology (9)o Mobile devices, networks

n Energy/environment (5)o Powertrains, fuels, electrification, smart grid

IntelliDrive

5

IVBSS Scope and PurposeIVBSS Scope and Purposen A 5 year effort to develop and field test integrated

safety systems for passenger vehicles and heavy trucks

n Safety systems will provide warnings for rear-end, lane change and road departure crashes in addition to arbitration of multiple crash threatso Forward crash warning, lane departure warning,

lane change/merge warning, curve speed warning n Includes a one-year field test on public roads to

determine system performance, safety benefits, and user acceptance

6

Light Vehicle Sensor Light Vehicle Sensor CoverageCoverage

Forward Crash Warning (FCW)

Lateral Drift Warning (LDW)

Lane-change/Merge (LCM)

Curve speed Warning (CSW)

Radar

Vision

7

Nov 2005 Nov 2006 Nov 2008 August 2010June 2008 Feb 2009

EngineeringDevelopment

Vehicles

Prototype Vehicles

Pilot Vehicles

Extended Pilot FOT

FOTData

Collection

Phase II – 27 monthsPhase I – 30 months

Timeline - Vehicle Deployment

U.S. DOT Field Operational Tests Conducted by UMTRI

1990 2010

Light Vehicles & Heavy Trucks – Multiple Systems

Est. 750K mi150+ driversIVBSS

Light Vehicles– Lane Departure/Curve Speed

137K mi, 78 driversRDCW FOT

Light Vehicles – Forward Crash/ACC110K mi, 96 driversACAS FOT

ACAS FOT (GM/Delphi/UMTRI)

RDCW FOT (UMTRI/Visteon)

Light Vehicles – ACCICC FOT 131K mi, 108 drivers

Heavy Trucks - Rollover480K mi, 23 drivers RSA

n Simulates the movements of individual vehicles

n Simulates interactions witho Road geometryo Other vehicleso Traffic signalso Variable message signso Incidentso Pedestrians

n Offers an extensive application programming interfaceo Allows a wide array of new functionalities to be modeledo Allows overriding of driver behavior models

Modeling of IntelliDriveModeling of IntelliDrive

U.S. DOT VII Proof-of-Concept U.S. DOT VII Proof-of-Concept TestbedTestbed

Detroit

Novi

IntelliDrive System Modeling ConceptIntelliDrive System Modeling Concept

Simulation of RSEs using VMS Beacons

Simulation of RSEs using VMS Beacons

Snapshot generation to be performed by vehicles

Snapshot generation to be performed by vehicles

Snapshots to remain within vehicle until upload by an RSE

Snapshots to remain within vehicle until upload by an RSE

Applications associated with the network or specific simulation objects

Applications associated with the network or specific simulation objects

Data storage within link objects used a emulator of link-based database at a central server

Data storage within link objects used a emulator of link-based database at a central server

Fuel economy

Unemployment

Price of gasoline

The system we have now

Historic reduction of 9000 fatalities

We don’t know where the levers are

Carbon dioxide

1/Fuel economyDistance driven

-12% -8%

Fatalities

Distance driven

““System” data is at a primitive stageSystem” data is at a primitive stage

n Safety is trying to change human behavior in critical situations

o Design of the interface between driver and technology

n Avoiding unintended consequencesn Setting standards

o Minimum performance standardso Ratingso While technology rapidly evolves

n Measuring effectivenesso Crash studieso Near-crash studies (eg. SHRP 2)o Warning rates from driver assist systems

VideoVideoCurrent Data Visualization

As we move to a system with As we move to a system with defined end states and variablesdefined end states and variables

n This will be a complex systemo Discontinuities, tipping points

n We will need open data systems, not only for developers and entrepreneurs but also for to monitor the system stateo Unintended consequences