CURRICULUM VITAE Dr. Leonid Didkovsky Personal Details Name: Leonid Didkovsky Mailing address: USC, 835 Bloom Walk, Stauffer Hall Of Science, room 362, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1341 E-Mail: leonid@usc.edu Phone: (213)-740-6343

URL: http://dornsife.usc.edu/cf/phys/faculty_display.cfm?person_ID=1012906 This CV was updated on October 2, 2019

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Education

November 21, 1990. Place: The Main Astronomical Observatory of the Ukraine. Degree: Ph.D. in Helio-physics and Physics of the Solar System: “Studying solar photosphere brightness oscillations using photodiode arrays”. The PhD research required the development and evaluation of two high-precision solar photometers. The photometers were novel designs in the photo-diode array technique whose function was to detect extremely small brightness oscillations with the amplitude of about 0.01% of the solar photosphere background brightness on the solar disk. A moderate spatial resolution allowed me to compare these oscillations detected using a ground-based telescope with those taken from both the SMM space mission and from the South Pole brightness oscillation measurements. The spectra of these oscillations were analyzed to study low- and intermediate-degree solar oscillation global p-modes and internal differential rotation of the Sun.

1965 – 1970 Place: Lviv Polytechnic Institute, Ukraine. MS-degree: A Diploma titled "Engineer in Electronics Devices and Techniques" was acquired with the Highest Honor (Red Diploma).

1954 - 1965 Ruzhychanka (Khmelnitsky Region, Ukraine) High School, Gold Medal.

Employment 07/2013 – current time. Research Professor of Physics and Astronomy and Director of the Space Sciences Center.

Principal Investigator for NASA LCAS project “Degradation-Free Spectrometers for Solar Physics-II: Critical Improvements” – submitted on July 21, 2016 with estimated costs of $1,109K for three years 2017-2019;

Principal Investigator for the Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer (ESP) Project within the NASA LWS Solar Dynamics Observatory Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (SDO/EVE) – active till Dec 2018.

07/2010 – 07/2013. Research Professor of Physics and Astronomy and Associate Director of the Space Sciences Center. 06/2004 – 06/2010. I worked as a research scientist at the Space Sciences Center (Physics and Astronomy Department of the LAS) at the USC. My work includes developing software for studying Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV), X-Ray and Solar Energetic Particles (SEP) data.

A new method for extracting SEP using EIT (SOHO) CCD areas outside the solar disk images was developed together with my co-authors, and was demonstrated for some extreme solar flare events by comparing with corresponding GOES SEP data. The advantage of the method is an ability to extract proton events in a number of narrower incident energy ranges than those available from the GOES data. The narrower energy ranges give

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us a better flux-energy resolution in modeling acceleration and transport of the SEPs.

I have modeled and developed some advanced multi-electrode photo-electron focusing systems for an Optics Free EUV Spectrometer (OFS). Broadband EUV photons ionize a neon gas in an OFS instrument and the resulting electron energy distribution mirrors the incident photon spectrum. An earlier version of concept design was flown on sounding-rocket flights as a dual-electrode analyzer. Improved simulation models allowed us to achieve better focusing for the photo-electron beam and, thus, improve the spectral resolution and achieve a significantly higher signal to noise ratio. The models were tested with the SIMION software tools and are now resulting in a new OFS design for a sounding-rocket payload which was launched in July 2014 and met the comprehensive success criteria.

I have been working as a Project Scientist for the Extreme ultraviolet SpectroPhotometer (ESP; I am the PI of this Project), one of EUV instruments onboard the EUV Variability Experiment (EVE) of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) launched in Feb 11, 2010. This work includes developing of software for ESP science data reduction, testing and calibration of ESP flight and rocket instruments at the NIST Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility, participation in the pre-launch and engineering runs after the SDO launch, etc.

A significant portion of my work is related to the calibration, testing, verification, and science data reduction and analysis for the Solar EUV Monitor (SEM), which has been supplying the solar community, ionosphere and the Earth atmosphere modelers with highly accurate absolute solar EUV irradiance since 1996. My duties for this project include maintaining of the USC SSC website.

In works for new solar EUV instruments such as the Degradation-Free Spectrometers I developed and built all required space electronics for these instruments, from the idea through electric schematics and Printed Circuit Boards to the final product suitable for the flight payload.

I have designed and proposed extra-small off-axis telescopes for a Climate Change Explorer, a space instrument to study both the Ozone Depletion Layers and scattered by the Earth long-wavelength radiation. The goal of this project is to determine how the fluctuations of solar irradiance in different spectral bands affect the Earth’s climate. This study may help us to solve a long mystery about a weak correlation between the solar variability, e.g. during the Solar Cycles and changes of the Earth’s surface temperature.

03/2000- 04/2004.

I worked as a Research Professor and Research Scientist at the Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO) of NJIT. I was developing new systems, telescopes and instruments for solar visible light and infrared measurements. At BBSO I developed a control program, data acquisition and analysis programs, and a Graphical User Interface to study and implement a Correlation Tracker (CT). The CT was used to improve image

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quality in the 26" Telescope’s focal plane by significantly reducing the wavefront tilts introduced by turbulent Earth Atmosphere. The CT was tested with the 26" Telescope setup and showed substantial improvements of both image contrast and stability in the focal plane.

I worked on development of an improved version of the CT with substantially faster tip/tilt platform, more powerful control unit (it affects the CT operation speed), improved programs and newest LINUX-based platforms. The CT is an important component of any Adaptive Optics (AO) System.

I worked on a High-Degree AO System for existing 26'' Vacuum Solar Telescope under the joint National Solar Observatory - BBSO Project. This work had three main focuses: the development of an optical design for the AO System, telescope and AO system alignment, testing all AO components for a real-time (close loop) image reconstruction.

I developed and evaluated an optical design for a New Solar Telescope (NST) Project, - off-axis 1.6 m largest in the World Solar Telescope with High-Degree AO. This telescope will replace the 26” vacuum telescope at BBSO. The NST will utilize the current and planned complement of BBSO instrumentation. This includes visible and IR Fabry-Perot based polarimeters and real-time phase-diversity speckle imaging system. AO system can correct images to the diffraction limit and will utilize the optical and dynamical range advantages of the NST un-obscured pupil. In this project I was in charge for all optics (telescope and AO) and telescope mechanics, including active primary mirror, mirror cells and optical support structure. I taught and supervised a group of three engineers - an optical, mechanical and electronics engineers.

One of the most important works on the NST is its alignment issue. NST is an off-axis telescope with some narrower tolerances on position of optical elements than those tolerances for any astronomical on-axis telescope. Special systems to maintain the secondary mirror alignment should be developed. They will include detection of its de-centering, de-focusing, de-tilting and thermal issues. Together with members of my group I was working on developing these systems.

1996 - 2000.

The Crimean Astrophysical Observatory (UKRAINE). Position: Science Deputy Director. I coordinated scientific plans and everyday work for three major Laboratories of the CRAO: Solar Physics, Experimental Astrophysics, High-Energy (Cherenkov's rays) Laboratory as well as Optical and Mechanical Shops with a total staff of about 110 scientists, engineers and workers in these Departments.

I was a PI from Crimean site in the High-Degree Helioseismology Network - an International Project, which involves USC and Mount Wilson Observatory (USC Prof. E. Rhodes was the project’s PI) and Crimean Astrophysical Observatory into helioseismology study of the Sun. A number of algorithms and methods were developed for improving images quality. A method for determination of the solar roll-angle position important for

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comparing ground-based solar images with the SOI-MDI images from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory mission was developed.

Organized and managed a working group for International (Ukraine, Russia, Italy, Germany) Project "SPECTRUM-UV" - a space telescope with 1.7 m primary mirror. The group discussed scientific, optical and mechanical issues of the Project. I developed a system for maintaining alignment of the telescope after its launch.

1990 - 1996.

CRAO. Senior Scientist. I worked on testing some AO components (sensors, actuators) for an experimental multi-segmented stellar telescope AST-1200. I developed an inductive sensor for high-precision phase compensation of the segments. The sensor may work with 0.01 um accuracy in a range of +- 0.5 mm.

1987 - 1990.

CRAO. Research Scientist. Studied solar oscillations using original devices based on photodiode arrays. A number of papers about intermediate-degree solar oscillation modes: their splitting, temporal and spatial structure, internal differential rotation of the Sun was published then.

1975 - 1987.

CRAO. Lead Engineer. I developed a few high-precision solar photometers based on photodiode arrays. Developed two major modules for astronomical data acquisition and flow control for a space telescope "ASTRON". I developed computer-based systems for data acquisition and reduction on solar telescopes BST-1 and BST-2. I worked as a lead engineer and a senior scientist on several science-technology projects, including Space Telescopes ASTRON and SPECTRUM-UV, on developments of Adaptive Optics systems for the first in the Soviet Union multi-segmented telescope AST-1200 and in other projects. ASTRON: For the space telescope ASTRON I have developed and tested two major modules for the data acquisition system and for the control of the science data flow. These modules were working properly during the ASTRON mission. SPECTRUM-UV: I have developed a system for detection of the 1.7 m space telescope misalignment, and for maintaining in the space the best ground (pre-launch) telescope alignment. The system can remember the best ground-based telescope alignment and then detect such misalignments as the secondary mirror de-center and tilt for its realignment on orbit. I organized and managed a working group to discuss all problematic optical and mechanical issues of the Project, including Primary mirror production, testing and its active support. Adaptive Optics: I developed high-precision sensors for measuring and maintaining the required phase relations between the segments of the Primary Mirror in the multi-segmented stellar Telescope AST-1200. In addition, these sensors (0.01 um resolution in a range of +-0.5 mm) allowed

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me to study temporal and load characteristics of piezo and magneto-strictive actuators.

1970 - 1975.

Kamenets-Podolsky (Ukraine). Engineer. Laboratory of computers. Plant "Electropribor". I worked on hardware improvements for some computers and hard disk devices. Developed a system interface for connecting hard disks to computers and for using hard disks as remote data storage without an expensive industry’s control unit.

PI and Co-I Commitment (2016 – 2019) 1. Project Title: SDO-Optics Free Spectrometer (OFS) and An Extreme

Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer (ESP) for the EUV Variability Experiment (EVE). Role: PI for USC (Subcontract)

Program Name: Living with a Star Contract No. NAS5-02140 Award Number: 53-4882-3591 Point of Contact: Dr. Tom Woods (EVE PI), (303)492-3743 Email: twoods@lasp.colorado.edu Performance Period: 9/1/02 - 11/30/18 Total Budget: $8,225,645

Person-Months Per Year Commitment to the Project: About 6 months per year starting Oct 2015

2. Project Title: Degradation-Free Spectrometers for Solar Physics-II: Critical Improvements Role: PI. Submitted on July 21, 2016 Point of Contact: Dan Moses Heliophysics Division Science Mission Directorate NASA Headquarters

Telephone: (202) 358-0558

Performance Period: 1/1/17 – 12/31/2019 Total Budget: $1,109K Person-Months Per Year Commitment to the Project: Four months per

year. 3. Project Title: Automated Radiation Measurements for Aerospace Safety –

High Altitude (ARMAS-HI)

Role: Co-I (PI is Dr. Kent Tobiska)

Solicitation: NNH16ZOA001N-16F0-F1

Submitted

4. Project Title: Self-Calibrating and Long-lifetime Energetic Particle Sensor

(SCALES)

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Role: Co-I (PI is Dr. Kent Tobiska)

Topic No. AF171-067

Submitted

5. Project Title: Automated Radiation Measurements for Aerospace Safety –

Dual Monitor (ARMAS-DM)

Role: Co-I (PI is Dr. Kent Tobiska)

Solicitation: SBIR 2018-11-S5.06-8082

Submitted

Other Experience

I was a visiting astronomer and chief observer at the observing site in Patakamaya (Bolivia) during a dedicated expedition of Academy of Sciences of USSR for studying atmospheric and gravity effects on low-orbit (atmosphere) satellites.

I was a Chairman of the HelioSeismology sessions of the 1998 and 1999 International Workshops in Nauchny, (Crimea, Ukraine) and the invited speaker at the same meetings.

I worked as an Engineering expert and developer for modernization of a Coelostat Solar Telescope at Helwan Solar Observatory (Egypt) during two short (two weeks each) visits of the Helwan Observatory in 1998 and 1999.

I worked as an Engineering expert in the New Solar Telescope Project (Big Bear Solar Observatory, CA) for development active primary mirror support system, determination of thermal distortions of the mirror, NST alignment and Optical Support Structure System.

I was a member of the Local Organizing Committee for the 2002 ̀ `Local and Global Seismology: the Present and Future'' Conference in Big Bear, CA, USA.

Awards and Recognitions

National Ukraine. A Certificate of Honor from the Minister of Ukrainian Ministry of

Science and Technology was awarded at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory (1997)

U.S.A. NASA Group Achievement Award for outstanding designing, building, and operating of the science investigations of SDO (2012)

U.S.A. John W. Firor Award for outstanding publication (cited by more than 50) in the GRL (2013)

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U.S.A. NASA Group Achievement Award for enabling the Solar Dynamics Observatory to reach and exceed full mission success, producing important scientific results and mesmerizing the public (2018)

International International Astronomical Union’s Recognition: A Minor Planet (4165) was named 'Didkovskij' in 1998, see http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iau/lists/MPNames.html

Other Qualifications and Affiliations Member of the Open Remote Sensing Journal Editorial Advisory Board (http://www.benthamscience.com/open/tormsj/EBM.htm) Member of the American Astronomical Society (AAS) Member of the Solar Physics Division of the AAS Member of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) Member of the Commission 9 Instrumentation and Techniques of the IAU Member of the American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Some Selected Publications/Talks (top 18 are for 2016 – 2019) Quiet-Sun EUV HeII (30.4 nm) Spatial Power Ratios and Network Dissipation Trend for 2010 – 2018. Leonid Didkovsky: 2019, Sol Phys, 294, 98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-019-1483-x A Long-Term Dissipation of the EUV He II (30.4 nm) Segmentation in Full-Disk Solar Images. Leonid Didkovsky: 2018, Solar Phys, 293, 87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-018-1299-0 A Long-Term Dissipation of the EUV Segmentation in the Full-Disk Solar Images. Leonid Didkovsky: 2018, Sun Climate Symposium, Arrowhead, CA Analytical Representations for Characterizing the Global Aviation Radiation Environment based on Model and Measurement Databases. W. Kent Tobiska, Leonid Didkovsky, Kevin Judge, Seth Weiman, Dave Bouwer, Justin Bailey, Bill Atwell, Molly Maskrey, Chris Mertens, Yihua Zheng, Margaret Shea, Don Smart, Brad Gersey, Richard Wilkins, and Larry Gardner.:2018, Space Weather, 16. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018SW001843 Solar ultraviolet irradiance observations of the solar flares during the intense September 2017 storm period. Chamberlin, P. C., Woods, T. N., Didkovsky, L., Eparvier, F. G., Jones, A. R., Machol, J. L., et al.: 2018, Space Weather, 16. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018SW001866

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A Long-Term Decrease of the Middle-Size Segmentation Lengths Observed in the He II (30.4 nm) Solar EUV Emission. Leonid Didkovsky, Seth Wieman, Elena Korogodina.: 2017, Solar Physics, 292/2, 32. DOI: 10.1007/s11207-017-1053-z Surprising Results from Global Measurements of Atmospheric Radiation on Aircrafts. K. Tobiska, D. Bouwer, J. Bailey, L. Didkovsky, K. Judge et al.: 2017, 14th Conference on Space Weather Atmospheric Radiation Measurement System for Commercial Aircraft Altitudes. W. Atwell, K. Tobiska, D. Bouwer, J. Bailey, L. Didkovsky, K. Judge et al.: 2017, AIA AVIATION Conf., Denver, CO ORIGINS OF TWO EXTREME SOLAR PARTICLE EVENTS. Leon Kocharov, Silja Pohjolainen, Alexander Mishev, Mike J. Reiner, Jeongwoo Lee, Victor J. Pizzo, Leonid V. Didkovsky et al.: 2017, Astrophys. Journal, 839, 79. A Miniature Imaging Grating SpectroPhotometer (I-GRASP) for Solar Soft X-Ray High-Resolution Spectra and Spectrally Resolved Active region Images from a Cube Sat Mission. Leonid Didkovsky (PI), 2016, NASA LCAS Proposal

Imaging Grating SpectroPhotometer (I-GRASP) for a CubeSat Mission. Didkovsky, L., Wieman, S., Tom Woods, Andrew Jones, Weilun Chao.: 2016, Solar Physics Division, Boulder, CO Degradation-Free Spectrometers for Solar Physics-II: Critical Improvements. Leonid Didkovsky (PI): 2016, NASA LCAS Proposal 16-HTIDS16_2-0030

How calibration and reference spectra affect the accuracy of absolute soft X-ray solar irradiance measured by the SDO/EVE/ESP during high solar activity. Didkovsky, L., Wieman, S., Woods, T.: 2016, SDO Symposium Global real-time dose measurements using the Automated Radiation Measurements for Aerospace Safety (ARMAS) system. W. Kent Tobiska, D. Bouwer, D. Smart, M. Shea, J. Bailey, L. Didkovsky, K. Judge, H. Garrett, W. Atwell, B. Gersey, R. Wilkins, D. Rice, R. Schunk, D. Bell, C. Mertens, X. Xu, M. Wiltberger, S. Wiley, E. Teets, B. Jones, S. Hong, and K. Yoon.: 2016, Space Weather, 14, 1053–1080, doi:10.1002/2016SW001419. Soft X-ray irradiance measured by the Solar Aspect Monitor on the Solar Dynamic Observatory Extreme ultraviolet Variability Experiment. Lin, C. Y., S. M. Bailey, A. Jones, D. Woodraska, A. Caspi, T. N. Woods, F. G. Eparvier, S. R. Wieman, and L. V. Didkovsky: 2016, , J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 121, 3648–3664, doi:10.1002/2015JA021726.

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Imaging Grating Spectrometer (I-GRASP) for Solar Soft X-Ray Spectral Measurements in Critically Under-Observed ~0.5 – 7 nm Spectral Range. Leonid Didkovsky, Seth Wieman, Weilun Chao,Tom Woods, Andrew Jones, Ed Tiemann, James Mason.: 2016, AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA Sounding Rocket Observations of Active Region Soft X-Ray Spectra between 0.5 and 2.5 nm using a Modified SDO/EVE Instrument. Wieman, S., Didkovsky, L., Woods, T.N., Jones, A., Moore, C.: 2016, Solar Physics, 291, 12, 3567, open access, DOI: 10.1007/s11207-016-0999-6

Global real-time dose measurements using the Automated Radiation Measurements for Aerospace Safety (ARMAS) system. W. Kent Tobiska, D. Bouwer, D. Smart, M. Shea, J. Bailey, L. Didkovsky, K. Judge, H. Garrett, W. Atwell, B. Gersey, R. Wilkins, D. Rice, R. Schunk, D. Bell, C. Mertens, X. Xu, M. Wiltberger, S. Wiley, E. Teets, B. Jones, S. Hong, and K. Yoon.: 2016, Space Weather, DOI: 10.1002/2016SW001419 ---------END of publications/talks for 2016 – 2019 ------

The EUV spectrum of the Sun: SOHO SEM and CDS irradiances. Del Zanna, G., S.R. Wieman, V. Andretta, and L. Didkovsky : 2015, Astron. Astrophys., DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201526227 Resolving Differences in Absolute Irradiance Measurements Between the

SOHO/CELIAS/SEM and the SDO/EVE. Wieman, S., Didkovsky, L., Judge, D.: 2014, Solar Phys 289, 8, 2907, DOI: 10.1007/s11207-014-0519-5 Ionospheric total electron contents (TECs) as indicators of solar EUV changes during the last two solar minima. Didkovsky, L., Wieman, S.: 2014, JGR

(Space Physics) 119, DOI: 10.1002/2014JA019977

A Change of Solar He II EUV Global Network Structure of the Transition Region as Indicator of Geo-Effectiveness of Solar Minima. Leonid Didkovsky and Joseph B. Gurman, Solar Physics, DOI 10.1007/s11207-013-0329-1, (2013). Coronal Post-Flare Dynamics for 14 August 2010 Late Phase of the Coronal Dimming Event. Leonid Didkovsky, A talk at the SDO-7 Workshop, Cambridge, MD, (2013). Variability of Solar Five-Minute Oscillations in the Corona as Observed by the Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer (ESP) on the Solar Dynamics Observatory Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (SDO/EVE). Leonid Didkovsky, Alexander Kosovichev, Darrell Judge, Seth Wieman, and Tom Woods, Solar Physics, Open Access and in Solar Dynamics and Magnetism from

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the Interior to the Atmosphere. Guest Editors: R. Komm, A. Kosovichev, D. Longcope,

and N. Mansour, (2012). Late Phase of Coronal Dimming. Leonid Didkovsky, Seth Wieman, Darrell Judge, Hugh Hudson, Invited talk, SDO/EVE Workshop, Yosemite, CA, (2012). Flare Irradiance Studies with the EUV Variability Experiment on SDO. R.A. Hock, F.G. Eparvier, T.N. Woods, A.R. Jones (all LASP), L. Didkovsky (USC), and B.J. Thompson (NASA GSFC), ILWS-2011, Beijing, China, (2011). Participation in NASA Panel Review, Solar and Heliophysics (LCAS), Washington, DC, (2011).

Observations of Five-Minute Solar Oscillations in Lower Corona Using Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer (ESP) Onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (SDO/EVE). Leonid Didkovsky, Darrell Judge, Alexander Kosovichev, Seth Wieman, and Thomas Woods, ApJ, 738, L7, (2011) New Solar Extreme-Ultraviolet Irradiance Observations During Flares. Thomas N. Woods, Frank Eparvier, Andrew Jones, Rachel Hock, Don Woodraska, Chris Jeppesen, Leonid Didkovsky, Darrell Judge, Harry Warren, John Mariska, Phil Chamberlin, Dean Pesnell, Barbara Thompson, Greg Berthiaume, Scott Bailey, Jan Sojka, D. McMullin, Tim Fuller-Rowell, W. Kent Tobiska, Rodney Viereck, ApJ, 739-2, 59,(2011) Causes of low thermospheric density during the 2007-2009 solar minimum. Solomon, S., Qian, L., Didkovsky, L., Viereck, R., and Woods, T.N. JGR, 116, A00H07, doi: 10.1029/2011JA016508, (2011) Solar EUV Monitor (SEM) absolute irradiance measurements and how they are affected by choice of reference spectrum. Proc. of SPIE. 8148,15, (2011) Anomalously low solar extreme-ultraviolet irradiance and thermospheric density during solar minimum. Stanley C. Solomon, Thomas N. Woods, Leonid V. Didkovsky, John T. Emmert, and Liying Qian, GRL, Vol. 37. L16103, (2010) EUV SpectroPhotometer (ESP) in Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE): Algorithms and Calibrations. Leonid Didkovsky, Darrell Judge, Seth Wieman, Tom Woods, Andrew Jones, Solar Phys., Open Access, (2010)

Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE) on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO): Overview of Science Objectives, Instrument Design, Data Products, and Model Developments. Woods, T.N., Chamberlin, P., Eparvier, F.G., Hock, R., Jones, A, Woodraska, D, Judge, D., Didkosky, L., Lean, J., Mariska, J. et al., Solar Phys., Open Access, (2010)

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Minima of Solar Cycles 22/23 and 23/24 as Seen in SOHO/CELIAS/SEM Absolute Solar EUV Flux. Leonid Didkovsky, Darrell Judge, Seth Wieman, and Don McMullin, in ASP Conf. Series, Eds. Cranmer, Hoeksema, and Kohl, Vol 428, 73, (2010) ESP Calibration Issues. EVE Workshop, LASP, Aug 23, 2010 How EVE/ESP Sees Solar Flares. EVE Workshop, LASP, Aug 23, 2010 Degradation-Free Spectrometers for EUV Measurements. L.Didkovsky, D. Judge, S. Wieman, EVE Workshop, LASP, Aug 23, 2010 Climate Change, Earth’s Albedo and its Measurements. EVE Workshop, LASP, Aug 23, 2010 First Light Results from the SDO Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE). T. Woods, F. Eparvier, R. Hock, A. Jones, L. Didkovsky, D. Judge, P. Chamberlin, Invited Talk at COSPAR, (2010) SDO Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE): Instrument and First Results. T. Woods, F. Eparvier, R. Hock, A. Jones, L. Didkovsky, D. Judge, P. Chamberlin. Invited Talk at COSPAR, (2010) Comparisons of the Flare Irradiance Spectral Model (FISM) to preliminary SDO EVE data. Chamberlin, Phillip, T. Woods, F. Eparvier, R. Hock, L. Didkovsky, D. Judge. COSPAR, (2010) A Comparison of the First Solar EUV Irradiance Measurements from the SDO/EVE EUV Spectrophotometer (ESP) with the SOHO/CELIAS Solar EUV Monitor (SEM) Absolute Solar EUV Irradiance. Didkovsky, Leonid, D. Judge, S. Wieman, T. Woods, F. Eparvier, A. Jones. COSPAR, (2010) Zero to Seven nm Irradiance: Problems and Solutions. EVE science Meeting, Stanford, (2010) A comparison of solar flare events using high-cadence EVE/ESP irradiance measurements. L.Didkovsky, D. Judge, S. Wieman. EVE science Meeting, Stanford, (2010) A Comparison Between ESP 30.4 nm and SEM Measurements. L.Didkovsky, D. Judge, S. Wieman. EVE science Meeting, Stanford, (2010) ESP Data Products: Level 1 and Level 0C Leonid Didkovsky, A talk at the EVE Data Products Workshop, Boulder, CO, Dec 8, (2009)

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Climate Change Explorer Leonid Didkovsky, Darrell Judge, Seth Wieman, AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, (2009) Degradation-Free Spectrometers for Solar EUV Measurements: A Progress Report Seth Wieman, Leonid Didkovsky, and Darrell Judge, AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, (2009) Extended 3He-Rich Periods of Solar Energetic Particles in Structured Solar Wind L. Kocharov, J. Laivola, G. M. Mason, L. Didkovsky, and D. Judge, Ap.J Suppl., 176, 497-510, (2008) Significantly improved restoration algorithm for SOHO/SEM EUV measurements contaminated by particle background signals Leonid V. Didkovsky, Darrell L. Judge, Seth R. Wieman, A talk at SDO Science Teams Meeting, Napa, CA, March 28, 2008, (2008) Solar Energetic Particles / Solar Wind in SOHO/CELIAS/SEM Data: a Background and a Signal, A talk at STEREO/PLASTIC/SEPT and SOHO/CELIAS Meeting, March 19, 2008, Monte Verita / Ascona, Switzerland.

SDO EVE ESP Radiometric Calibration and Results L. Didkovsky, D. Judge, S. Wieman, M. Harmon, T. Woods, A. Jones, P. Chamberlin, D. Woodraska, F. Eparvier, D. McMullin, M. Furst, and R. Vest, in SPIE Proc. 6689, 66890P1-P12, (2007) A light-weight optics-free EUV spectrometer with substantially improved efficiency and spectral resolution Leonid V. Didkovsky, Darrell L. Judge, Seth R. Wieman, in SPIE Proc. 6689, 66890Q1-Q10, (2007) Spatial and temporal anisotropy of SEP fluxes at 1 AU during solar storms produced by extreme solar flare events, A talk at NASA Living With a Star Meeting, Sept 13, 2007, HAO, Boulder, CO, USA (2007) ESP radiometric calibration and results, A talk at EVE Pre-shipping Review Meeting, Sept 05, 2007, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD, USA, (2007) ESP radiometric calibration and results, A talk at SPIE 6689 Meeting, Aug 27, 2007, San Diego, CA, USA, (2007) A light-weight optics-free EUV spectrometer with substantially improved efficiency and spectral resolution, A talk at SPIE 6689 Meeting, Aug 27, 2007, San Diego, CA, USA, (2007)

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SEP temporal fluctuations related to extreme solar flare events detected by SOHO/CELIAS/SEM, A talk at 45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Jan 9, 2007, Reno, NV, USA, (2007)

A Filter free dual transmission grating spectrometer for the extreme-ultraviolet Seth R. Wieman, Leonid V. Didkovsky, Darrell L. Judge, Andrew R. Jones, Matthew Harmon, in SPIE Proc. 6689, 66890R1-R9, (2007) SEP temporal fluctuations related to extreme solar flare events detected by SOHO/CELIAS/SEM L.V. Didkovsky, D.L. Judge, A.R. Jones, S. Wieman, M. Harmon, and W.K. Tobiska, in Bulletin of the 45th AIAA Aerospace Meeting, (2007) High-Energy Protons Associated with Liftoff of a Coronal Mass Ejection L. Kocharov, O. Saloniemi, J. Torsti, E. Riihonen, J. Lehti, K.-L. Klein, L. Didkovsky, D.L. Judge, A.R. Jones, and R. Pyle. Ap.J., 659, 780-787, (2007) Measuring Proton Energies and Fluxes Using EIT (SOHO) CCD Areas Outside the Solar Disk Images L.V. Didkovsky, D.L. Judge, A.R. Jones, E.J. Rhodes, and J.B. Gurman. Astronomishe Nachrichten/AN, 327, No. 4, 314-320, (2006) An Extreme Ultraviolet Optics-Free Spectrometer With Improved Spectral Resolution and High Signal-to-Noise Ratio Leonid V Didkovsky, Darrell L Judge, Andrew R Jones. In SPIE Proc. 5898, 1I-1 – 1I-8, (2005)

EUV Images and SEP. A talk at the SDO/EVE Workshop, Nov 11, 2005, Warner Springs, CA, USA, (2005)

Evaluation of the amplitude and restoring the temporal profile of the Bastille Day Solar Flare in the 19.5 nm from the saturated EIT images. Didkovsky, L V, Jones, A R., Judge, D L.,Gurman, Tsurutani, B. T. AAS Bull. Vol 36, No. 5, p. 1411-1412, (2005) An Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer. Leonid V Didkovsky, Darrell L Judge, Andrew R Jones. in SPIE Proc. 5677, 141-152, (2005)

A Search for Relativistic High-Energy Protons From the Extreme Solar Flares of 2000-03. Didkovsky, L V, Jones, A R., Judge, D L.,Gurman, J., Gangopadhyay, P., Rhodes, E., Tsurutani, B. T., Joint SPA Assembly, New Orleans, (2005)

The October 28, 2003 extreme EUV solar flare and resultant extreme ionospheric effects: Comparison to other Halloween events and the Bastille Day event. B. T. Tsurutani, D. L. Judge, F. L. Guarnieri, P. Gangopadhyay, A. R.

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Jones, J. Nuttall, G. A. Zambon, L. Didkovsky, A. J. Mannucci, B. Iijima, R. R. Meier, T. J. Immel, T. N. Woods, S. Prasad, L. Floyd, J. Huba, S. C. Solomon, P. Straus, and R. Viereck, GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 32, L03S09, (2005). Results from the solar adaptive optics systems at NSO and BBSO. T.R. Rimmele, K. Richards, S. Hegwer, S. Gregory, G. Moretto, L. Didkovsky, P. Goode, M. Langlois, J. Marino, W. Marquette, in SPIE 5490-05, accepted (2004) Optical Design for a New Off-Axis 1.6 m Solar Telescope (NST) in Big Bear. L. Didkovsky, J. Kuhn, P. Goode in SPIE 5171-47, 333-343, (2004) High-order solar adaptive optics development. T.R. Rimmele, K. Richards, S. Hegwer, S. Fletcher, S. Gregory, L. Didkovsky, C. Denker, A. Dolgushyn, P. Goode, M. Langlois, J. Marino in SPIE 5171-22, 179-186, (2004) A Concept for Optical and Mechanical Design for a New Off-Axis 1.7 m Solar Telescope. L.V. Didkovsky, Big Bear Solar Observatory Team, Mees Solar Observatory Team In 34th AAS SPD Bulletin Vol.35, No. 3, 847 (2003) Imaging Magnetographs for High-Resolution Solar Observations in the Visible and Near-Infrared. C. Denker, L. Didkovsky, J. Ma, S. Shumko, J. Varsik, J. Wang, H. Wang, P.R. Goode Astronomishe Nachrichten/Astronomical Notes, 324, No 4, 000 (2003) High-Order Adaptive Optical System for Big Bear Solar Observatory. L. Didkovsky, C. Denker, P.F. Goode, H. Wang, T. Rimmele Astronomishe Nachrichten/Astronomical Notes, 324, No 4, 297 (2003) 1.6 m Solar Telescope in Big Bear - the NST. P.R. Goode, C. Denker, L. Didkovsky, J.R. Kuhn, H. Wang Journal of the Korean Astron Soc. 35, accepted (2003) IRIM - An Imaging Magnetograph for High-Resolution Solar Observations in the Near-Infrared. C.Denker, J. Ma, J. Wang, L. Didkovsky, J. Varsik, H. Wang, P. Goode In SPIE Proc. 4853, 223 (2003) High-Order Adaptive Optics System for Big Bear Solar Observatory. L. Didkovsky, A. Dolgushyn, W.H. Marquette, J. Nenow, J. Varsik, P.R. Goode, S. Hegwer, D. Ren, S. Fletcher, K. Richards, T. Rimmele, C. Denker, H. Wang In SPIE Proc. 4853, 630 (2003) Solar Adaptive Optics: A Progress Report. T.R. Rimmele, K. Richards, S.L. Hegwer, D. Ren, S. Fletcher, L. Didkovsky, C. Denker, W. Marquette, J. Marino In SPIE Proc. 4839 (2003)

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Optical Design of high-order adaptive optics for the NSO Dunn Solar Telescope and the Big Bear Solar Observatory. D. Ren, S.L. Hegwer, T. Rimmele, L.V. Didkovsky, P. Goode In SPIE Proc 4853, 593 (2003) Controlling and Acquiring Software for Visible Light Fabry-Perot Interferometer at Big Bear Solar Observatory. S. Shumko, C. Denker, J. Varsik, L. Didkovsky, W. H. Marquette, P.R. Goode, H. Wang In SPIE Proc. 4848 (2003) Torsional Oscillations in Sunspots Derived from SOHO/MDI Data. V.I. Haneychuk, L.V. Didkovsky In Proc. of SOHO12/GONG + Conf. ESA SP-517, 291 (2003) Seeing Characteristic at a Lake-Site Observatory. C. Denker, L.V. Didkovsky, W.H. Marquette, P.R. Goode, K. Venkateswaran, T.R. Rimmele In Current Theoretical Models and Future High Resolution Solar Observations. ASP Conf. Ser. 286, 23 (2002) Evolution of the Sun's Near-Surface Asymmetries over the Activity Cycle. P.R. Goode, L.V. Didkovsky, K.G. Libbrecht, M.F. Woodard Advanced Space Research, 29, 1889 (2002) Helioseismic Role of Polar Fields. J.R. Varsik, P.R. Goode, W.A. Dziembowski, L. Didkovsky, M.F. Woodard In AAS Proc. 199, 8801 (2001) Short-Period Variations in Proper Motion of Sunspots from SOHO (MDI) Observations. L.V. Didkovsky Astronomy Reports, 44, No 12, 841 (2000) Mount Wilson Observatory - Crimean Astrophysical Observatory Project: News from Crimea. L.V. Didkovsky and the HIDHN Project Team ESA-SP-418, 153 (1998) Accurate Determination of the Roll-Angle for the Helioseismological Purposes. V.I. Haneychuk, L.V. Didkovsky, HIDHN Team ESA-SP-418, 205 (1998) Magneto-Optical Filter Data Reduction: Some New Algorithms. L.V. Didkovsky, O.A. Andreeva, P.I. Borzyak, A.I. Dolgushin, E.J. Rhodes, Jr., N.M. Johnson, P. Rose Izv Krym. Astrophys. Obs. 94, 193 (1998) In Russian First Results of Solar Oscillations Made in Crimean Astrophysical Observatory Using Magneto-Optical Filter. L.V. Didkovsky, E.J. Rhodes, Jr., A.I. Dolgushin, V.I. Haneychuk, N.M. Johnson, S.G. Korzennik, V.A. Kotov, P.J. Rose, T.T. Tsap Izv V. U. Zav. Radiofiz. (Russia) 39, No.11-12, 1374 (1996) In Russian

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Status of the Mt. Wilson-Crimean-Kazakhstan High-Degree Helioseismology Network. E.J. Rhodes, Jr., L. Didkovsky, O.V. Chumak, P.H. Scherrer ASP Conf. Series 76, 398 (1995) Compensation of Large-Area Non-Linearities in Solar Velocity Maps Obtained with a Sodium Magneto-Optical Filter. L.V. Didkovsky, O.A. Andreeva, P.I. Borzyak, A.I. Dolgushin, E.J. Rhodes, Jr., N.M. Johnson, P.Rose, S. G. Korzennik ESA SP-376, V2, 536 (1995) Restoration of Full-Disk Velocity Maps Obtained with Magneto-Optical Filter. L.V. Didkovsky, E.J. Rhodes, Jr., N.M. Johnson et al. ESA SP-376, V2, 191 (1995) Method Optimization for Calculating the Solar Limb Position. L.V. Didkovsky, E.J. Rhodes, Jr., N.M. Johnson et al. ESA SP-376, V2, 197 (1995) Adjustment and Focus of Solar Images for Magneto-Optical Filter Observations. L.V. Didkovsky, E.J. Rhodes, Jr., N.M. Johnson et al. ESA SP-376, V2, 201 (1995) Microdisplacement Actuators for the Adaptive Telescope: Piezoelectric or Magnetostrictive? L.V. Didkovskii, P.I. Borzyak, A.I. Dolgushin, A.I. Elizarov, V.V. Sychev Izv. Krym. Astrophys. Obs. 90, 201 (1995) In Russian Some results on Testing the System for Alignment Maintaining of the Spectrum-UV Space Telescope. L.V. Didkovsky, N.V. Steshenko, P.I. Borzyak, A.I. Dolgushin JENAM-95, 313 (1995) A Simple CCD System for Secondary Mirror Alignment of the Spectrum-UV Space Telescope. L.V. Didkovsky, N.V. Steshenko, P.I. Borzyak, A.I. DolgushinIn IAU Symp 167, 331 (1994) Ground-Based Near-Infrared Observations of Global Solar Oscillations. L.V. Didkovsky, V.A. Kotov In IAU-154 Symp. Proc. Kluwer, 277 (1994) Plans for Mt. Wilson-Crimean Observatory High-Degree Helioseismology Network. E.J. Rhodes, Jr., A. Cacciani, W. Dappen, L. Didkovsky, F. Hill, S.G. Korzennik, A.G. Kosovichev, V.A. Kotov, P.H. Scherrer ASP Conf. Series 42, 477 (1993) Use of CCD Matrix in an Adaptive Telescope. P.I. Borzyak, L.V. Didkovskii, A.I. Dolgushin, N.V. Steshenko, V.V. Sychev In Bull of the Crimean Astrophys Obs. 86, 203 (1992) Obtaining solar He I 10830 A line spectra on the basis of the CAMAC-MERA-60 computer system. A.B. Bukach, L.V. Didkovskii, N.N. Stepanyan, G.A. Sunitsa, Z.A. Scherbakova. Izv Krym. Astrophys. Obs. 82, 172 (1990) In Russian

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Pulsation of the sun -a restructuring due to the 22-year activity cycle? V.A. Kotov, T.T. Tsap, L.V. Didkovsky Izv Krym. Astrophys. Obs. 82, 138 (1990) In Russian Variation in the 160.010 min period of the solar relative difference brightness. R.F. Li, V.A. Kotov, L.V. Didkovskii Science Sinica, 33, 1100 (1990) The Internal Differential rotation of the Sun - the p-mode Frequency Splitting as observed in measurements of brightness variations. L.V. Didkovsky PAZh, 15, No. 12, 1115 (1989) In Russian A 1024-Channel devise for measuring solar brightness oscillations. L.V. Didkovskii Izv Krym. Astrophys. Obs. 78, 177 (1988) In Russian 5-min solar oscillations observed with a photodiode array. L.V. Didkovskii, V.A. Kotov, T.N. Tarasova Izv Krym. Astrophys. Obs. 79, 184 (1988) In Russian Spatial-Temporal analysis of solar oscillations. I. L.V. Didkovskii Izv Krym. Astrophys. Obs. 80, 118 (1988) In Russian Periodic variations of solar brightness: some experience in observations with a 1024-channel array. L.V. Didkovskii Izv Krym. Astrophys. Obs. 80, 124 (1988) In Russian Differential observations of brightness oscillations of the solar photosphere. L.V. Didkovskii, V.A. Kotov Izv Krym. Astrophys. Obs. 76, 119 (1987) In Russian A 1024-channel system for detecting solar brightness oscillations L.V. Didkovskii In Working Group "Waves in Solar Atmosphere" Thesis. 7, (1987) In Russian Observations of 5-minute oscillations of solar photospheric brightness. L.V. Didkovskii, V.A. Kotov Bull. Crimean Astrophys. Obs. 74, 123 (1986) Preliminary Data Obtained with the Integrating Spectrometer Mounted on the Solar Tower Telescope BST-2 of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory. L.V. Didkovskii, I.E. Kozhevatov, N.N. Stepanyan Bull. Crimean Astrophys. Obs. 74, 133 (1986) The accuracy of the solar tower telescope photoguiding system- measurements using a photodiode array. L.V. Didkovskii Izv Krym. Astrophys. Obs. 75, 182 (1986) In Russian Utilization of the integral spectrometer at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory BST-2 Solar Tower Telescope L.V. Didkovskii,

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I.E. Kozhevatov, N.N. Stepanyan Izv Krym. Astrophys. Obs. 74, 142 (1986) In Russian A device for measuring solar brightness variations based on the integral photocell matrix. L.V. Didkovskii Bull. Crimean Astrophys. Obs. 72, 190 (1985) Observations of 5-min solar brightness oscillations with using a photodiode array. L.V. Didkovskii, V.A. Kotov In Working Group "Waves in Solar Atmosphere" Thesis. 15, (1985) In Russian