State Visit Overview

7/27/2019 State Visit Overview

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Material and Construction

Optimization for Prevention ofPremature Pavement DistressinPCC Pavements

Overview

Jim GroveHalil Ceylan

Center for Port land Cement Concrete Pavement Techno logy

Iowa State University


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Cloud Cover

Humidity

100%

Concrete Temperature andMoisture Monitoring

Curing Methods

Plastic ShrinkageCrackingHorizontal Cracking Early Opening Traffic

NDT Testing

Cylinder andBeam Breaks

Time

Material and Construction Optimization

Mixing

Transporting/

Placement

EnvironmentalAggregate

Cements /mineral

Admixtures

Chemical

Admixture

Construction

MaterialsAndMixings

Project

Requirements

0%

75%25%50%

Humidity

150F30F

120F60F90F

Temperature


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The Issue

Concrete mixtures: complex chemical

and physical systems

Variety of ingredients & sources

Proportioning and mixing procedures

Construction procedures


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The Problem

Material selection and mix design oftenare not integrated with construction

practices Construction and materials testing have

not kept up with technology

We dont test the right things

Too often tests dont

relate to performance


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Solutions

Characterize materials, compatibilities,and construction procedures Key to increasing durability Understand properties and compatibilities

Increasing need for quick answers

New procedures are needed to optimize Software can help organize the

complexities


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Project Objectives

Glean materials testing and constructionpractices from each state

Document local unpublished research onmaterials testing and construction practices

Develop a suite of tests that

will effectively control theprocess and predict PCC

paving performance


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Project Objectives

Conduct shadow demonstrationprojects, showcasing materials testing

and construction practices, in each state Produce a Practices Manual todocument theinformation gathered

and test proceduresdeveloped VSA

VSA


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Managing Performance

Material Selection

and Interactions

+Construction

Practices

+

EnvironmentalAffects

+Project

Requirements

= ResultingPerformance


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Performance

Factors+Prediction

Tools+

Measurements

= Optimization


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Performance Factors

WorkabilityStrength Development

Air ContentPermeabilityShrinkage

0


Prediction Tools

Computer-Based Guidelines for Job-SpecificOptimization of Paving Concrete (FHWA Task 64)

HIPERPAV

Measurement

Workability: Variable Slope Apprentice

Air Void Characteristics: Air Void Analyzer

Strength: Maturity Meter

Compatibility: Heat Signature

Curing: Conductivity Meter


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Understanding Performance

Identify Gaps inKnowledge andMeasurements

Research

Material Interaction

Mixing and Hauling

Environmental Affects

Construction Techniques

Laboratory

Develop correlation tests

Simulate and quantifymaterial / mixing criteria

Quantify constructioncriteria

Field

Field Trials onlab correlations

Verify tests andprotocol

PracticesManual


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3 Stages

Design stage Laboratory Concrete

Winter Verification

Field

Beginning of the project Quality Control


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Stages

Mix Design Stage

Characterize the materials

Characterize the concrete Materials are similar but not the same as

project materials

Utilize Task 64 Computer based design

Go/ No Go


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Stages

Pre-Construction Verification

Test project materials for similarity to

design materials Verify mix design

Utilize HIPERPAV

Field lab tests


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Stages

Quality control

Monitor the concrete

Predict performance HIPERPAV


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Related Research

FHWA Task 4

Blended cements

Mix Uniformity

Task 64

HIPERPAV


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FHWA Task 4 - Identifying Combinations of MaterialsThat Lead to Premature Deterioration in Concrete

Pavements

Identify Effects of production and placement methods

Factors that influence segregation, bleeding andcohesiveness relative to finish-ability

Influence of environmental conditions

Deficiencies in existing test methods

Provide

A simple test for evaluating compatibility


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ISU Blended Cements Project

Identify

How different blended cement influences concretesetting time and heat development in different

weather conditions, especially in cold weather

How the heat signature of blended cement relatesearly strength development of the concrete

Provide

Control of a pavements saw cut and opening time

Modification of maturity calculation

Prediction of early age cracking of concrete


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ISU - Mix Optimization Project(Mix Uniformity)

Identify: Optimal mixing procedures for combinations of

supplementary materials and admixtures

Characteristics of a good mix received by: Slip form paver

Haul vehicles

Effects of combinations, mixing times, and mixingmethods on fresh concrete properties Workability, uniformity, air void system

Provide Input to Material and Construction Optimization and

guidelines to simplify mixing with supplementary

cementitious materials and admixtures


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FHWA Task 64: Software to IdentifyRapid Optimization of Available Inputs

Models

Criteria

CostPermeability

Strength

Stiffness

Workability

Other Factors

Constituents

Coarse AggregateFine Aggregate

Cement

Water

Mineral Admixtures

Chemical Admixtures

Optimum PCC Mix


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HIPERPAVPrediction Tool to Help Achieve Construction

Optimization

Predicts Controlling Cracking ofPavements

Predict Optimum Sawing Window

Predict Impact of Adverse Weather on

Construction of Pavement


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HIPERPAV


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OverviewConstruction QC/QA Process Correlates to Lab Tests

Best Practices Manuals

ConstructionEnvironment

CostProject Criteria

Final ModelMix Design that

meets specific projectperformancerequirements

QC/QAConstruction

Quick Field Tests toidentify or ensure

performance

ConstructionUse proposed fieldtests on projects in

participating states toverify tests

Develop OptimizationSoftware *

(FHWA Task 64)

Research LabCorrelation Test

Development

Field TestDevelop QuickBattery of tests

to measurecriteria

Develop TestsMeasurableCriteria

WorkabilityConsistencyShrinkageStrengthAir VoidsPermeability

Identification ofknown or

proven Impactelements -

What works &what does not

Knowledge Base

on Subject of Materials thatallows selection of materials that

satisfy specific project performancerequirements

Select Sand

Select Cement

Select MineralAdmixtures

Select ChemicalAdmixtures

Select Rock

ALL AVAILABLE

MATERIALS

Multiple Rock Sources

Multiple Sand Sources

Multiple Cement Sources

Mineral Admixtures(fly ashes, silica fumes, natural pozzolans, ground

granulated blast furnace slag)

Chemical Admixtures(retarders, accelerators)

Actual ProjectPerformance

Problem

Previous Research

Literature Search

Existing Knowledgeand Practices


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Phase I

Data Collection

Literature review

Current practice survey

Database from past projects

Field monitor and reviewcurrent projects

Test Development

Identify material and concretetests that characterizeproperties of durable concrete

Further develop existing tests Research new tests

Pilot Project

Try tests scheme in Iowa

Technology Transfer

Initial guidelines of known

solutions

Phase II

Continued Development of

Testing Procedures

Laboratory testing

Field Demonstration Projects

Demonstrate suite of newtests in each state

Investigate property effectsof construction procedureswith various materials

SWAT Teams

Provide technicalassistance to states ifproblems arise

Utilize proposed test toevaluate problems

Phase III

Technology Transfer

Training modules on materialand construction optimizationfor prevention of premature

pavement distress Material property

integration

Best constructionpractices

Material and constructioneffects on performance

(system integration)

Implementation Assistance

Material and ConstructionOptimization Tasks


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Phase I

Data Collection

Literature review

Current state testing practice Unpublished state research

Published Research (Task 64)

Database of past state projects

with durability issues


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Phase I

Test Development

Identify material and concrete tests that

characterize properties of durable concrete Further develop

existing tests Research new

tests


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Phase I

Pilot Project


Technology Transfer

Practices Manual Report state practices and unpublished research

Suite of tests


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Phase I

Data Collection

Literature review




Test Development



Pilot Project


Technology Transfer


solutions

Phase II


Testing Procedures

Laboratory testing




SWAT Teams



Phase III

Technology Transfer



integration







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PhaseII

Continued Development of Testing

Procedures

Laboratory testing

AVA


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Phase II


Investigate effects of construction procedures

with various materials

Demonstrate suite of

tests in each state

DSC


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Phase II

SWAT Teams

Provide technical assistance to states if

problems arise

Utilize proposed tests to evaluateproblems


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Phase I

Data Collection

Literature review




Test Development



Pilot Project


Technology Transfer


solutions

Phase II


Testing Procedures

Laboratory testing




SWAT Teams



Phase III

Technology Transfer



integration



(system integration)Implementation Assistance



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Phase III

Technology Transfer

Training modules on material and construction

optimization for prevention of premature pavementdistress

Material property integration

Best construction practices

Material and construction

effects on performance



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Phase III



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Georgia Louisiana Nebraska South Dakota

Indiana Michigan New York Ohio

Iowa Minnesota North Carolina TexasKansas Missouri North Dakota Wisconsin

Participating States


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Summary of Proposed Funding Sources

$1,200,000 16 Pooled fund participants($15,000/yr. x 16 x 5yrs.)

$ 314,000 Iowa DOT and PCC Center($160,000 IHRB + $154,000 PCC Center)

$ 200,000 Industry(ACPA / State Paving Assoc. & Others)

$ 500,000 PCC Center Federal Appropriation

$2,214,000 Total


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Proposed Schedule

= PCC Center = Industry = Other

1 Data Collection

A. State Survey

B. On-site consultation w/ each state

2. Test Development

A Develop initial suite of tests to measure

concrete propertiesB Refinements based on demonstration

projects

3. Demonstration Pro ects

A. Pilot project in Iowa

C. Demo project in each participating state

4. Technology Transfer

C. Variety of T2

venues TBD

2007

= States

2003

B. Best Practices for concrete paving which

will include refined suite of tests plus

B. Mobile field laboratory

2004 2005 2006

A. Initial standards/guidelines for testing

incorporating state practices and initial test

Development of next generation of testsC.


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http//www.ctre.iastate.edu/pccpoolf

und/

Jim GroveCenter for Portland Cement Pavement Technology

Iowa State University

2901 South Loop Drive, Suite 3100Ames, Iowa 50010Phone: 515-294-5988

Fax: [email protected]

Questions ??

State Visit Overview

Documents

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