STRATEGY FOR ENHANCING CHICKPEA AND LENTIL

PRODUCTION DURING RABI 2013-14

19th September 2013

Dr. D.N. SharmaDirector

Farmer Welfare and Agriculture Development Bhopal Madhya Pradesh

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State Scenario of Total Pulses

Area Lakh ha. , Production Lakh MT, Yield – Kg/ha

Year Area Production Productivity

2007-08 43.98 26.74 608

2008-09 * 46.37 37.10 800

2009-10* * 47.95 41.34 862

2010-11 * ** 52.09 30.29 581

2011-12 47.59 37.18 781

2012-13(FFC)**** 53.23 50.41 947

2013-14 (Target) 54.95 61.76 1124

* Drought affected 41 districts. ** Drought affected 38 districts** Drought affected 37 districts & frost affected 46 districts.**** Hail storm affected 37 districts & frost affected 20 districts

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State Scenario of Rabi Pulses

Area Lakh ha. ,Production Lakh MT, Yield – Kg/ha

Year Area Production Productivity

2007-08 34.16 22.47 658

2008-09 * 36.72 32.21 877

2009-10* * 37.94 36.29 957

2010-11 * ** 39.01 25.70 659

2011-12 35.17 31.90 907

2012-13(FFC) **** 40.39 43.80 1084

2013-14 (Target) 42.05 50.26 1195

* Drought affected 41 districts. ** Drought affected 38 districts** Drought affected 37 districts & frost affected 46 districts.**** Hail storm affected 37 districts & frost affected 20 districts

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State Scenario of ChickpeaArea Lakh ha. ,Production Lakh MT, Yield – Kg/ha

Year Area Production Productivity

2007-08 26.62 19.26 724

2008-09 * 28.75 28.15 980

2009-10* * 30.14 32.21 1070

2010-11 * ** 28.88 22.66 785

2011-12 26.30 28.45 1083

2012-13 (FFC) **** 31.29 38.12 1220

2013-14 (Target) 32.50 43.88 1350* Drought affected 41 districts. ** Drought affected 38 districts** Drought affected 37 districts & frost affected 46 districts.**** Hail storm affected 37 districts & frost affected 20 districts

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State Scenario of Lentil

Area Lakh ha. ,Production Lakh MT, Yield – Kg/ha

Year Area Production Productivity

2007-08 5.22 2.21 423

2008-09 * 5.31 2.64 498

2009-10* * 5.20 2.73 524

2010-11 * ** 6.99 2.02 289

2011-12 5.87 2.16 367

2012-13 (FFC) **** 5.72 3.34 584

2013-14 (Target) 6.00 3.75 625* Drought affected 41 districts. ** Drought affected 38 districts** Drought affected 37 districts & frost affected 46 districts.**** Hail storm affected 37 districts & frost affected 20 districts

Reason of Low Productivity• Erratic and uncertain rains , Cold wave/ frost & hail storm.

• Lack of water availability for irrigation.

• Lack of power supply during critical stages of crops.

• Low Seed replacement & imbalanced use of fertilizers.

• Deficiency of Micro nutrients, specially Zn.

• Difficulty in operation of vertisol.

• Problems of Wilt & root rots disease in chickpea & Lentil.

• Delayed sowing in Rice-Chickpea/Lentil, cropping System

• Rising temperature during grain formation period.

• Non availability of agricultural labour.

• Poor Farm Mechanization & Power consumption.

• High percentage of Small and Marginal farmers.

• Less purchasing capacity of farmers due to increasing cost of input.

• Non Availability of liquid bio fertilizer 6

Favourable conditions for Quality Pulse Production

• Bold seeded export quality Lentil are being grown to get the good yield as well as quality, heavy demand in Arab countries.

• As per agro climatic condition of the state Gram and Lentil, are more suitable crop for rainfed.

• Mostly varieties released in the state proved resistant to wilt.

• KAK-2, JGK-3, Subhra are giving good return in comparison to bold seeded chickpea (dollar, local cultivar)

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Policy initiatives by the State • Formation of Agriculture Cabinet.

• Credit facility at 0 % interest to the farmer through cooperatives.

• Transfer of subsidy into the farmers' account.

• Advance lifting scheme of fertilizer from 1st Aug. to 15th Sep. to ensure adequate availability of fertilizers without any interest.

• 30% Top up subsidy for promoting irrigation by sprinklers.

• Promoting Bullock drawn and selected power drawn implements, providing 75% including 25% top up subsidy.

• Distribution of 12.30 lakh Soil health cards .

• Established of 9 Seed and 6 Fertilizer Testing Laboratories.

• Feeder separation to ensure 8 hours quality energy for agriculture.

• Fast completion of irrigation projects to harness maximum potential .

• RBC 6.4 Amended to help the farmers facing impact of natural calamities.

• Convergence with MGNREGA to energize in Kapildhara wells irrigation by providing Diesel/Electric pumps

• Creation of new storage facilities.

• Launching the revised food processing policy where the activities like collection, grading , packaging, waxing, storing & marketing brought under the definition of industry. 8

Strategies for enhancing Pulse ProductionAgronomic Practices• Emphasis on 100% seed treatment with fungicide & Ammonium

Molybdate (1g/kg).

• Production & distribution of quality seeds to increase SRR & VRR.

• Promoting the Resources Conservation Technologies (RCT) such as use of Zero Tillage Seed Cum Fertilizer Drill, Rotavator, Laser Land Leveler and furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) planting.

• Developing irrigation facilities to cover more area.

• Promoting use of Sprinklers.

• Use of post emergence weedicides as per recommendation.

• Emphasis given on control measures for diseases, termites and rats.

• Encouraging line sowing in place of Broadcasting.

• Use of short duration varieties under Late sown condition

• Emphasis on water conservation, watershed management & sprinkler irrigation.

• Survey and surveillance for disease and insect pest. Diagnostic Team- Comprised of officials of State Department of Agriculture and Scientists. 9

Best Practices adopted by the State• Timely sowing with Seed Treatment.

• Increasing Seed Replacement Rate .

• Use of New varieties.

• Balanced & integrated use of fertilizer.

• Use of Zinc Sulphate in Zinc deficient soils.

• Application of Gypsum to meet out Sulphur deficiency.

• Promoting INM and IPM technology.

• Promoting application of FYM / Green manuring for improving soil health.

• Distribution of Soil Health Card to track soil health.

• Campaign for IIIrd crop (Moong) in command area.10

Best Practices adopted by the State

• Water management and augmentation of Ground Water.

• Promoting judicious use of irrigation through sprinkler .

• Balram Talab for life Saving irrigation.

• Frequent irrigation in case of abrupt rise in temperature.

• Establishment Farm Field School on large Scale.

• Conducting cluster demonstration on Production Technology.

• Emphasis on use of improved farm machinery.

• Resource conservation Technologies (RCT).

• Transfer of technology through Kisan Mitra & Didies.

Cont..11

Seed Replacement Rate (%)

CROPS 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-132013-14

Tentative

GRAM 2.90 4.51 6.83 10.39 12.22 12.86 17.05

LENTIL 0.77 0.73 1.10 3.35 3.77 4.05 5.79

PEAS 4.50 4.01 5.38 5.89 7.22 10.95 15.57

URD 4.56 7.42 6.92 8.51 10.35 14.69 17.48

MOONG 15.98 21.27 11.44 16.17 21.26 30.88 44.44

ARHAR 3.72 7.83 7.58 11.17 17.21 22.27 38.71

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Old varieties and new alternative varietiesCrop Old varieties Alternative varieties to be

promoted/Recommended Varieties

Lentil K-75 (1986), JL-1(1991), L-4076(1993), JL-3(2000), IPL-81(2001), RVL-31(2010), IPL-316(2013)

Chickpea (Medium)

JG-315 (1984), JG-218(1996), ICCV-10(1992), VIJAY-(1994)

JG-322(1999), JG-16(2001), JG-63(2006), JG-226(2007), JG-14(2009),

Chickpea (Bold)

JG-74(1991), VISHAL (1997),

VIRAT(2002), JG-130(2002), JAKI-9218(2007), RVG-202(2012)

Chickpea (Gulabi)

GG-1(1999), JGG-1(1999)

Chickpea(KABULI)

ICCV-2(1993), ICCV-37 (2001), JGK-1(2002),

KAK-2(2001), JGK-2(2007), JGK-3(2007), IPCK-2002-29(2009), IPCK 2004-29(2010), JSC-42(2012), JSC-40(2012), RVG-203(2013),

Chickpea (LATE SOWING)

JAKI-9218(2007), JG-14(2009), RVG-202(2012), RVG-203(2013),

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Seed Distribution Qty in Qtls

CROPS 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 (Target)

GRAM 62564 98989 144111 240095 257062 321830 356625

LENTIL 1318 1161 2695 7030 6634 6943 7501

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Strategies for Seed Production • Strengthening of established 2313 Cooperative seed production

societies to facilitate Beej Sangh.• Seed production programme of Pulses will increase by 20%.• Promoting farmers into the seed production channel by

providing the breeder, foundation & certified seed at subsidized rate.

• Capacity building of the farmers by providing training.• Strengthening of seed certification agency by developing

infrastructure, recruitment of additional staff and 4 Seed Testing Laboratories.

• Developing storage, Transportation and Post harvest facilities.

Agriculture Credit (Cooperative Bank)• Year 2010-11 - 1903 crores • Year 2011-12 - 2817 crores• Year 2012-13 - 3659 crores • Year 2013-14T - 4200 crores 15

22.0

57.0

79.5

80.10%84.00% 84.11% 84.56%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

90.00%

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13

%

Seed Treatment

YEAR

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N P K consumption in Rabi(Unit Kg./Ha.)

Year N P K TOTAL

2007-08 52.32 22.92 3.28 78.52

2008-09 47.26 24.13 2.74 74.13

2009-10 57.23 25.13 6.60 88.96

2010-11 62.77 33.08 5.65 101.51

2011-12 60.91 36.86 4.05 101.82

2012-13 59.16 28.30 2.05 89.50

2013-14 T 64.23 37.23 4.47 105.99

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Consumption of Zinc Sulphate & Gypsum(Unit - M.T.)

Year Zinc Sulphate Gypsum

2007-08 1104 8044

2008-09 392 12499

2009-10 1310 22406

2010-11 3469 32941

2011-12 4038 12391

2012-13 6470 2044

2013-14 T 10000 5000

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Irrigation A- Irrigation Department :

• Actual irrigated Area under different irrigation project :- 2009-10 - 08.03 lakh ha 2010-11 - 08.90 lakh ha 2011-12 - 16.34 lakh ha 2012-13 - 20.20 lakh ha 2013-14 T - 22.00 lakh ha

• Minor irrigation project completed in year 2011-12 - 309 Nos.

• Minor irrigation project completed in year 2012-13 - 201 Nos.

• Potential created during 2012-13 - 1.26 Lakh ha.

B- Narmada Valley Development Authority :

• Total irrigation capacity (Till March 2013) -3.88 lakh ha

• Irrigation project (Under Construction) - 10 Nos.

C- Agriculture & Other Departmental Sources - 8.72 lakh ha 19

Drip Irrigation in Gram

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District - Burhanpur

Transfer of Technology (TOT)• Innovative system for transfer of technology to 2.5 lakh farmers

every year by covering 5000 farmers in each district in cluster approach through joint mobilization of scientists of KVK & ATMA.

• Formation of Farmer's interest group to develop Farmers producer's organization for dissemination of technology, Seed production, Input arrangement and Marketing to increase production and productivity.

• To promote Pulses through Public Private Partnership in selected districts to achieve the production as well as value addition.

• Reform of Extension technologies through farm field school, training, demonstration, exchange programme through study tour, transfer of technology through Mobile SMS

• Developing every block office as Kisan Gyan Kendras to disseminate information to farmers free of cost through internet.

• Other activities: Field day, Kisan Sangosthi, Farmer's Scientist ineraction, Kisan Mela. Comunity Radio Station.

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Extension Reforms (ATMA)

Year FAIRFARM

SCHOOLKISAN

SANGOSTHIPP

PARTNER

2007-08 35 178 127 2

2008-09 47 1083 301 8

2009-10 47 1055 600 19

2010-11 50 1000 313 18

2011-12 50 1350 626 24

2012-13 50 1565 626 20

Total 279 6231 2593 20

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FARM FIELD SCHOOL

Village - Shahgarh, District - Sagar 23

FFS CLASS ROOM SESSION : 2011-12

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FARMER TRAINING : DISTRICT - SAGAR

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Gram Cluster Demonstration

District - Burhanpur

Strategy for increasing area under Pulses

• Use of Pigeon pea as an intercrop with soybean/sorghum/maize/sesame

• Similarly pigeon pea on rice bunds in specific agro climatic regimes

• Introduction of moong and urd bean before and after mustard in irrigated area

• Identification of additional area having potential for pulse crops by utilization of potential area of rice fallow lands

• Area of upland rice, millets, barley, mutsard and wheat, currently giving low yields can be brought under kharif/rabi pulses.

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Strategies for enhancing Pulse Production

Farm Mechnaization 139 villages have been developed as Yantradoot Villages where farmers

are encouraged to adopt mechanized farming. 917 custom hiring centers have been established to facilitate farmers with

power drawn implements. Private entrepreneurs are being encouraged by providing subsidy up to Rs. 10 lakh for each center. 67 such centers have been established so far.

• Unique program of deep ploughing has been started and subsidy of Rs. 1500/- per ha is provided to farmers. So far 3 lakh ha has been deep ploughed.

• To facilitate timely land preparation in rabi after paddy, to save cost of land preparation and achieve batter pulverization, the rotavators are promoted. Every year about 5000 rotavators are being purchased by farmers and are saving about 30 to 50% of cost of land preparation .

• In rice-Chickpea cropping pattern zero tillage seed cum fertilizer drill are promoted, through top-up subsidy of 25%, for timely sowing.

• Spiral graders and seed treating drums will be provided in 20,000 villages.

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Farm Mechanization in Yantradoot village

Deep Ploughing Sangoshthi Raised-Bed Planter

Spiral Grader Rotavator Raised-Bed Planting

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Constraint And Strategies1) WILT

- C.O.-Fusarium oxysporium f. sp.ciceri.

- At stage- Seedling to flowering- Symptom- sudden drooping of leaflets& branches- Seed &Soil Borne

Resistant Varieties: JG 315, JG 322, JG 74, JG 226, JG 130, JG 16, JG 11, JG 12, JG 14, JSC 37, JSC 55, JAKI 9218, Vijay, Vishal, Digvijay (Desi) JK 1, JGK 2, JGK 3 (Kabuli), JGG 1 (Gulabi.

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2) ROOT ROTS

• Dry root- C.O. – Rhizoctonia bataticola- At stage- Pod (temp. <30 degree C)- Symptom- plants straw colour appearance

- root becomes brittle and broken easily

• Collar root- C.O. – Sclerotium rolfsii- At stage- Seedling (upto 45 days)- Symptom- plants pulled very easily

- mortality high in early sown crop

- favoured by high moisture and temperature 31

Management Strategies Deep ploughing in summer (May, June)

Crop rotation for minimum 3 years

Mild irrigation at the disease incidence

Incorporation of Trichoderma viride @ 5kg/ ha multiplied

on decomposed FYM.

Seed treatment with Trichoderma viride + Carboxin

@4+1g/kg seed or Carbendazim+Thiram (1:2) @ 3g / kg

seed

Intercropping-minimize wilt incidence (Chickpea +

Linseed)

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3) Helicoverpa- a menace in chickpea cultivation

Pest monitoring- Installation of pheromone trap Trap Crop- Marigold (At borders) Bird percher- 30-40/ ha Intercropping – Coriander (10:1) Spray of NSKE 5% NPV 250 LE/Indoxacarb 14.5 SC

500 ml/Emmamectin Benzoate 5% G 200 g/ha

(Starting spray from flower initiation to pod development when 1-2 larvae/m length)

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4) Lentil (Foliar disease)

• Rust Spray- Dithane M 45@ 2.5/lt water at 15 days

interval

• Powery Mildew Spray – wettable sulphur @ 3g/ lt at 15 days interval

Resistant Varieties for the state:

K 75 (Malika), Lens 4076, IPL 81, (Noori) IPL 406

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Horizontal expansion in area of Chickpea and Lentil

• Rice Fallow area(Rabi) - 2.5 to 3.0 lakh ha (approx.)• This area can be utilized for chickpea and lentil cultivation by following

strategies:

Varieties for Rice chickpea/lentil cropping system

- thermosensitive JG 14, JG 16

- Early/Hybrid Danteswari, JR 201, JRH 5, JRH 8

Use of quality seed (replacement after every 3 yrs)

Use of Zero tillage machine after rice harvesting

- residue mixture utilization

- residual moisture utilization

Use of Rhizobium @ 8 g/ kg seed35

Problem of high and low temperature at seedling and maturity

stage Kymore plateau and Satpura Hill zone

January 1st Fortnight February 2nd Fortnight

0°c to 5°c High temperature

Seedling Stage Flowering stage Flowering Stage

Cells disruption Flower drop Sterility

Forced Maturity36

Recommended dose of fertilizer:

• Chickpea

- 20 kg N, 40-60 kg P2O5, 20 kg S, 25 kg ZnSO4, 5 ton FYM/ha

- Ammonium Molybdate- 1 kg (Basal application) or 1g/kg seed (seed treatment)

- Spray of 2% urea/ DAP at flowering stage (70 DAS) and 10 days thereafter

• Lentil

- 20kg N, 30-40 kg P2)5, 20 kg S/ ha, 15 kg ZnSO4 as Basal application, 5 ton FYM/ ha.

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Specific Issues & Suggestion• Assistance on purchase of Breeder seed and production of

foundation and certified seed should be provided.

• Shortage of disease resistant varieties of Gram & Lentil.

• Special programme on Kabuli gram production & procurement for export purpose.

• Assistance on the fertigation system for Gram crops

• Raising the subsidy on irrigation water saving devices up to 75%.

• 75% financial assistance should be provided to SC/ST & small Marginal farmers in GOI schemes.

• The minimum support price of chickpea and lentil fixed by the Government is less than the market price.

• The cultivation of these crops are very risky, thus provision of bonus on MSP by the Government may be initiated.

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SUMMER MUNG

39Dist. Harda

Summer Mung Programme 2014Achievement in the year 2012 (FFC)

• Area Under Moong 0.22 Lakh ha.• Productivity 510 kg./ha.• Production 11220 MT

Achievement in the year 2013• Area Under Moong 1.35 Lakh hactare • Productivity 1116 Kg/Ha • Production (Estimated) 151000 MT

Target in the year 2014• Area Under Moong 3.00 Lakh hactare • Productivity 1200 Kg/Ha • Production 3.60 Lakh MT

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Issues for Research•Development of resistant variety for Helicoverpa in pulses•Development of multiple disease resistant varieties in all pulses•Development of drought tolerance varieties in pulses •Development of heat/low temperature tolerant varieties of chickpeas •Development of frost/ water-logging to resistant varieties of Pigeon pea •Development of extra early maturing pigeon pea varieties resistant to Wilt. •Development of short duration (60-65 days) YVM resistant varieties of mung/urad bean •Development of bold seeded, wilt resistant and frost resistant early maturity varieties in lentils.•Development of vascular wilt and sterility mosaic resistant early and medium Pigeon pea hybrids .

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Krishi Karman Awardee 2011-12 Smt. Radha Bai Dubey (Village-

Pandajhir,Distt.Raisen) Gram - JG-11

Yield - 2300 kg/ha

Award - Rs One Lakh

Package of Practices-• Timely sowing by seed

cum fertilizer drill, • Seed treatment with

Trichoderma, • use of vermicompost,

Rhizobium & P.S.B, culture

• Use of 100 Kg/ha. DAP.

• Timely Irrigation with Sprinkler (1+2),

• Use of pheromone trap & bio pesticide.

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Outstanding Achievements• Government of India awarded Krishi Karmanya Award

2011-12, in Ist category of Total Foodgrain Production, honoured by Hon'ble President of India.

• Hon'ble President awarded the State for achieving more than 18% Agriculture Growth in the year 2011-12.

• Under the Agriculture leadership awards the state honored by Best Agriculture State Award 2012.

• State honored by Govt. of India and Indian Chambers of Commerce for increasing the productivity through Best Agriculture practices and Farm Mechanization in the year 2012.

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