State of the UK's Birds 2012 - jct publication from BTO, JNCC, SNH, CCW, RSPB etc

7/30/2019 State of the UK's Birds 2012 - jct publication from BTO, JNCC, SNH, CCW, RSPB etc

1/22

_Ay b rhy

Jrndx inzor gkfo3 dnrxmord rniamnuuor uodf `d bp Hkz`h Nybnrd -ryub'`gkfoy$ing)$

Urnh ioh bp xmo Rnpkl Yni`oxp jnr xmo Urnxoix`nd nj B`rhy -RYUB), k rof`yxoroh imkr`xp3 Odflkdh * Vkloy dn$ 25656:, Yinxlkdh dn$ YI596:?82;5'5:2?';;';2

nj xmo


2/22

Xmrn f mn x xmy rounr x, yuoi oy kro

i nln r' i nhoh ki i nrh df xn xmo r

i ndyor zk xnd y xk x y ky u bl ymoh

d B r h y n j I n d y o r z k x n d I n d i o r d 9

d 255 0$ Xmo ?2 yuoi oy `hod x j oh ky

bo df n j xmo f rok xoy x i ndyor zk x nd

i ndi ord kro roh' l y xoh, xmo ; 2:

yuoi oy n j g nhork xo i ndiord kro

kg bor' l y xoh kdh xmo : = yuoi oy n j

loky x i ndi ord kro f rood' l y xoh$

@d k jo v i kyoy v moro ukr x ilkr

rki oy kro h yi yyoh, xmo

i nln r' i nh df jrng k youkrk xo

rki o lo zol kyyoyyg od x y yoh$

INDXODXY

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 ;

Mokhl doy 2@dxrnh ix`nd 8Znl dxoory kdh _A b rh gnd`xnr df ?V lh B`rh @dh ikxnry :Ur nr xp yuoi oy uhkxo =Inggnd kdh v`hoyurokh yuoi oy 0

Morndr oy iody y ;8Rkro brooh`df b rhy uhkxo ;?Brooh`df yokb rhy `d xmo _A ;:Dov unu lkx`nd oyx`gkxoy jnr b rhy `d xmo _A ;0Kd `djnfrkum i lnna kx _A b`rhy 25V`dxor df vkxorb rhy `d xmo _A 22B rhy `d xmo _Ay Nzoryoky Xorr xnr oy 20B rhXrkia 92Fkrhod b rh y rzopy 98Vmkx pn ikd hn xn molu 9:Kiadnvlohfogodxy 90Kbn x y 85

L nd f' x k ` l o h h i a Y x oz oA d ol l - r y u b ' g

k f o y $ i ng )

Lndf'xk loh h iay,u ix roh moro nd xmo rKrix i brooh`df frn dhy,kro hoil d`df rku`hlp dxmo r O rnuokd v`dxor df{ krxory, rk`y`df indiordjnr xmo r flnbkl yxkx y$

@x gkp yoog d y kl xn jokx ro k dnrxmordrniamnuuor uodf `d nd xmo inzor nj krounrx kbn x _A b rhy, b x dnx vmod pnindy`hor xmkx xmop kro c yx ndo nj gkdpflnbkllp'xmrokxodoh yuoi oy jn dh `d xmo_Ay Nzoryoky Xorr xnr oy, vm im vo mkzokd dxordkx`ndkl royundy`b l xp xn ikro jnr$


3/22

Xv n n j xmo _ Ayyokhuia y,zolzo x yi n xorykdh lndf' xk lohhu i ay, kro

dnv i ndy ho roh xmrok xodoh v xm o} xdix ndf lnbkllp$

C n m d K d h or y

n d

Fkrhod b rhvkximkix z x oy kdh xmoodfkfogodx nj xmou bl i d i x sodyi odio kro urnz dfzorp gunrxkdx jnri nlloix df hkxk kdh

fkxmor df y uunrxjnr indyorzkx nd $Vo rounrx nd xm y kdhxmo rnlo nj xmo BXNyFkrhod B rhVkxim dgnd xnrdf h yokyod b rhy$

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 92 XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2

Xmo yxkxo nj xmo _Ay b rhy -Y_AB) 25;2 rounrxy nd xmolkxoyx roy lxy jrng b rh gnd`xnr df `d xmo _A kdh `xy NzoryokyXorr xnr oy$ Yngo nj xmo mokhl doy jnr xm`y `yy o `dil ho$$$

Mokhl doy

Xmo _Ay NzoryokyXorr xnr oy -_ANXy)mnlh yngo nj xmovnrlhy gnyxz ldorkblo b rhy$Xmop jkio xmrokxy`dil h`df j ymorpbp'ikxim, n l'yu lly,k runrx o}ukdy`ndkdh znlikd ior ux`ndy$Y_AB 25;2 urnz`hoy kd uhkxo$

Znl dxooryY_AB 25;2 klyn iolobrkxoyxmo z`xkl rnlo nj znl dxoory `db rh gnd`xnr df$ Xmo r m foindxr b x`nd dhoru`dy b rhindyorzkx`nd d xmo _A$ Xvn kdh mklj xmn ykdh znl dxoory in dx b`rhy

`d ; ag y{ kroy jnr xmo Brooh`df B`rh Y rzop-BBY) okim pokr$ Xm`y kllnvy y xn xrkia xmoxrodhy `d nzor ;55 yuoi oy, `dil h`df xmoyxoou hoil`doy d v llnv x`xy, x rxlo hnzoykdh vnnh vkrblory kll hnvd bp nzor :5/`d c yx ;? pokry$

Znl dxoory inlloix hkxk xmkx kllnv y xnurnh io v lh b`rh `dh ikxnry, yn rozokl dfxmo brnkhor u ix ro nj xrodhy jnr xmo _A&yb`rhy$ @d 25;5, xmo jkrglkdh b`rh `dh ikxnrjoll xn `xy lnvoyx ozor lozol, xn c yx mklj njvmkx `x vky `d ;065$

Znl dxoory mkzo bood in dx`df doyx`dffrop morndy jnr xmo lkyx =? pokry xmolndfoyx'r dd`df gnd`xnr`df nj kdp b`rhyuoi oy `d xmo vnrlh+

Xmo Rkro Brooh`df B`rhy Ukdol -RBBU)ingu lo roinrhy y bg`xxoh gk`dlp bpznl dxoor b`rhvkximory xmrn fm xmo in dxpb`rh roinrhory doxvnra$ Xmo khh`x`nd nj

yuoi oy y im ky xmo loyyor yunxxohvnnhuoiaor kdh Krix i ya k xn xmoUkdoly l yx rojloixy frnv`df indiord jnryngo vnnhlkdh b`rhy kdh yokb`rhy$

Bp in dx`df 2,255 voxlkdh y`xoy kx gndxmlp`dxorzkly jnr xmo Voxlkdh B`rh Y rzop -VoBY),znl dxoory molu xn xrkia unu lkx`ndy njv`dxor`df vkxorb`rhy$ Xmoyo hkxk mkzorozokloh xmo roiodx kdh vnrrp`df hoil doy `dgkdp yuoi oy, kjxor hoikhoy nj `dirokyoy$

K d h p M k p - r y u b ' ` g k f o y $ i n g )

Blkia'brnvohklbkxrnyy

F r k m

k g oG

k h f o - r y u b ' g k f o y $ i ng )

Zolzox yinxor


4/22

ZNL_DXOORY KDH _A B@RH GND@XNR@DF

B rh gnd`xnr df `d xmo _A `y loh bp DFNy `d inllkbnrkx`nd v`xm xmoFnzordgodx, b x `y ndlp unyy`blo boik yo nj xmo hoh ikx`nd njxmn ykdhy nj znl dxoory$ V`xmn x xmog, xmo oz`hodio bkyo jnr_A b rh indyorzkx`nd vn lh bo zorp g im unnror$

Okim kdd kl Y_AB rounrx y klynndlp unyy`blo boik yo nj xmohohìkx`nd nj xmoyo ya`lloh znl dxoornrd`xmnlnf`yxy$ Xmo`r ojjnrxy djnrggnyx nj xmo y rzopy kdh gnd`xnr`dfyimogoy rounrxoh d xmo jnllnv`dfukfoy$ Xmo ukrxdorymù boxvoodznl dxoory kdh xmo nrfkd`ykx`ndyvmn inllkxo, kdklpyo kdh uroyodxxmo hkxk xmop inlloix, ody royxmkx vo gk}`g`yo xmo bodoj`xy jnr

indyorzkx`nd jrng b`rh gnd`xnr`dfkix`z`xòy$ @xy k vnra`df gnhol g imodzòh kirnyy xmo royx nj xmo vnrlh$

Vnra df xnfoxmorB`rh nbyorzkx`ndy kro yoj l kx klnikl lozol, b x xmo rokl bodoj`xyingo vmod b`rh roinrh`df ojjnrxykro in'nrh`dkxoh kdh ingb`doh$Jnr o}kgulo, xmo Brooh`df B`rhY rzop -BBY) kdh Voxlkdh B`rhY rzop -VoBY) dznlzo znl dxoorin dxory, in'nrh`dkxoh bp xokgy njlnikl nrfkd`yory, vmn xmogyolzoykro in'nrh`dkxoh bp BXN yxkjj$BXN yxkjj kro yxooroh bp frn uy njo}uorxy jrng fnzordgodxkl kdhdnd'fnzordgodxkl nrfkd`ykx`ndy$Xmo in'nrh`dkx`nd urnioyy dil hoy

y`df yxkdhkrh`yoh goxmnhy1yoloix`df rkdhng y rzop y`xoykirnyy xmo _A1 irokx`df ndl`do hkxkgkdkfogodx xnnly1 kdklpy`dfingb`doh nbyorzkx`ndy1 dxorurox`dfxmo j`dh`dfy1 kdh h`yxr`b x`df xmoroy lxy xn k v`ho rkdfo nj yory$

Znl dxoory molu ingu lolndf'xorg xrodhyXm`y in'nrh`dkx`nd kdh indy`yxodipnj kuurnkim, nzor gkdp hoikhoy,

gokdy vo ikd urnz`ho rnb yxlndf'xorg unu lkx`nd xrodhy kdhkyyoyy roy lxy nj lnikl gnd`xnr`df`d k rof`ndkl kdh dkx`ndkl indxo}x$

K ur`go o}kgulo nj mnv znl dxoorymolu ingu`lo lndf'xorg xrodh hkxkjnr b`rhy y d xmo uroukrkx`nd njindyorzkx`nd ur`nr`xp l`yx`dfy$Xm`y xkaoy ulkio ozorp y`} pokry nryn d xmo _A, kdh gnyx roiodxlp d2550$ Gnyx nj xmo dh`z`h klyuoiòy kyyoyygodxy xmkx gkao

u xmo rozòvy kro bkyoh nd hkxkinlloixoh bp znl dxoory$

Znl dxoor'bkyoh yimogoy lào xmoBBY kro xmorojnro xmo bky`y ndvmìm vo roh'l`yx v`hoyurokh b xrku`hlp hoil`d`df yuoiòy, y im kyyaplkray, x rxlo hnzoy kdh v`llnvx`xy$Xmoyo hkxk klyn djnrg xmo v`lhb`rh dhìkxnry -yoo ukfo :) yoh bpFnzordgodx xn kyyoyy xmo y iioyynj yngo odz`rndgodxkl unlìòy$

Znl dxoor hkxk dhoru`dyindyorzkx`nd hol zorpXmo hkxk inlloixoh jnr y rzopy lào

VoBY klyn dhoru`d xmo hoy`fdkx`ndnj gkdp urnxoixoh y`xoy d xmo _Akdh, d khh`x`nd, xmop molu xn `djnrggkdkfogodx nj xmo y`xo kdh kyyoyyxmo ojjoixy nj urnunyoh kix`z`xòy nrhozolnugodxy$ Hkxk inlloixoh bpznl dxoory jnr xmo BBY mkzo roiodxlpbood yoh xn kyyoyy mnv vollOdfl`ym kfr 'odz`rndgodx yimogoykro hol`zor`df jnr jkrglkdh b`rhy-yoo ukfo ;9)$ Xm`y y djnrg`dfojjnrxy xn dirokyo xmo ojjoix`zodoyynj y im yimogoy$

Khh`df zkl oVm`lyx znl dxoory kro xmoinrdoryxndo nj _A b`rh gnd`xnr`df,xmo zkl o nj xmo hkxk inlloixoh ygkfd`jòh xmrn fm xmo ukrxdorymùnj dkx`ndkl nrfkd`ykx`ndy vmninnrh`dkxo kdh j dh xmo gnd`xnr`dfyimogoy kdh y rzopy, kdh vmnh`yyog`dkxo xmo roy lxy xn k v`horkdfo nj yxkaomnlhory xmo ykgonrfkd`ykx`ndy vmn urnh io Y_AB$Xm`y ukrxdorymù ody roy hoi`y`ndyxmkx kjjoix b`rhy kdh xmo`r mkb`xkxykx lnikl, dkx`ndkl kdh dxordkx`ndkllozoly kro bkyoh und xmo boyxunyy`blo oz`hodio$

Jnr gnro djnrgkx`nd kbn x b`rhgnd`xnr`df y rzopy d xmo _A,yoo ukfo 9:$

Xmo gunrxkdio nj

Yuoi kl xmkday xn xmo znl dxooryvmn yxou u kdh hoznxo xmo rx`go kdh ojjnrxy xn xmo y rzopyhoyir boh d xm`y rounrx

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 ?8 XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2

Z nl d x o or b pK d h pM

k p - r y u b ' g k f o y $ i ng )

K d h p M k p - r y u b ' ` g k f o y $ i n g

)

@DXRNH_IX@ND

@dxrnh ix`ndXm`y y xmo ;9xmXmo yxkxo nj xmo _Ay b rhy rounrx$U bl ymoh `d 25;2, `x `dil hoy roy lxy jrng kdd kl, uor nh ikdh ndo'njj y rzopy kdh yx hòy jrng ky roiodxlp ky 25;;$@x hrkvy nd gkdp yn rioy nj `djnrgkx`nd xn f zo kd

u'xn'hkxo nzorzòv nj xmo moklxm nj b rh unu lkx`ndy `dxmo _A kdh xy Nzoryoky Xorr xnr oy -_ANXy)$

Y_AB 25;2 `y urnh ioh bp k inkl`x`nd nj xmroodnd'fnzordgodxkl nrfkd`ykx`ndy -DFNy) xmo RnpklYniòxp jnr xmo Urnxoix`nd nj B`rhy -RYUB), xmo Br`x`ymXr yx jnr Nrd`xmnlnfp -BXN) kdh xmo V`lhjnvl *Voxlkdhy Xr yx -VVX) kdh xmo _A Fnzordgodxyyxkx xnrp dkx ro indyorzkx`nd kfodiòy xmoIn dxrpy`ho In di`l jnr Vkloy -IIV), Dkx rklOdflkdh -DO), Dnrxmord @rolkdh Odz`rndgodx Kfodip-D@OK), Yinxx`ym Dkx rkl Mor`xkfo -YDM) kdh xmoCn`dx Dkx ro Indyorzkx`nd Ingg`xxoo -CDII)$

Xm`y rounrx ymn lh bo rojorodioh ky3Okxnd GK, I xmborx R, H dd O, Fr io UZ, Mkll I,Mkpmnv HB, Mokrd RH, Mnlx IK, Adùo K,Gkrimkdx CM, Gkznr R, Gnrkd DC, G am`hk J,G yfrnzo KC, Dnblo HF, Nuuol Y, R`yolp A,Yxrn h HK, Xngy G * Vnxxnd Y 25;2$ Xmo yxkxo nj xmo _Ay b rhy 25;2$ RYUB, BXN, VVX, IIV,DO, D@OK, YDM kdh CDII$ Ykdhp, Bohjnrhym`ro$

R

YUB yxkj j kdh znludxoory roi nrh d f b rh yurzop royulxy

znl dxoory


5/22

D gbory nj v`dxor dfvmnnuor yvkdy kro`diroky`df d Odflkdh,b x hoiroky`df yl fmxlp`d Dnrxmord @rolkdhkdh Yinxlkdh$

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 6: XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2

Pokr

Kll yuoiòy-;2;)

Jkrglkdh -;0)Vnnhlkdh -9:)

Vkxor* voxlkdh -2:)

Yokb`rhy -;0)

;:5

;85

;25

;55

=5

:5

85

25

5

@ d h o }

- ; 0 6 5 7

; 5 5 )

Pokr

2 5 ; 5

2 5 5 =

2 5 5 :

2 5 5 8

2 5 5 2

2 5 5 5

; 0 0 =

; 0 0 :

; 0 0 8

; 0 0 2

; 0 0 5

; 0 = =

; 0 = :

; 0 = 8

; 0 = 2

; 0 = 5

; 0 6 =

; 0 6 :

; 0 6 8

; 0 6 2

; 0 6 5

V`lh b`rh `dhìkxnr

Pokr

Kll dkx`zo yuoiòy -8:)

V@lhjnvl -26)

Vkhory -;?)

;?5

;55

?5

5

255

Pokr

2 5 5 0 . 2 5 ; 5

2 5 5 6 . 2 5 5 =

2 5 5 ? . 2 5 5 :

2 5 5 9 . 2 5 5 8

2 5 5 ; . 2 5 5 2

; 0 0 0 . 2 5 5 5

; 0 0 6 . ; 0 0 =

; 0 0 ? . ; 0 0 :

; 0 0 9 . ; 0 0 8

; 0 0 ; . ; 0 0 2

; 0 = 0 . ; 0 0 5

; 0 = 6 . ; 0 = =

; 0 = ? . ; 0 = :

; 0 = 9 . ; 0 = 8

; 0 = ; . ; 0 = 2

; 0 6 0 . ; 0 = 5

; 0 6 6 . ; 0 6 =

; 0 6 ? . ; 0 6 :

@ d h

o }

- ; 0 6 ? . :

7 ;

5 5 )

V`dxor`df vkxorb`rh `dhìkxnr

V@LH B@RH@DH@IKXNRY

_A v`lh b`rh `dhìkxnrXmo _A v`lh b`rh dhìkxnr ykd gunrxkdx m`fm'lozolgoky ro nj xmo yxkxo njb`nh`zory`xp d xmo _A, ky vollky bo`df yoh xn goky roxmo dkx`ndy urnfroyy xnvkrhy

y yxk`dkblo hozolnugodxfnkly$ @x ymnvy brnkh xrodhy`d b`rh unu lkx`ndy v`xm`d jn rmkb`xkxy -`d Y_AB vo klynymnv k ingb`doh kllyuoiòy l`do), b x x ymn lhbo rogogboroh xmkx v`xm`dxmoyo l`doy xmoro ikd bo km fo zkr`kx`nd d xmo xrodhyjnr dh`z`h kl yuoiòy$Xmoyo dh`z`h kl yuoiòyxrodhy, vmìm jooh dxn xmo`dhìkxnry, ikd bo jn dh ndukfoy 0;5 -jnr inggndbrooh`df b`rhy, dil h`dfxmnyo d xmo jkrglkdh,vnnhlkdh kdh voxlkdh`dhìkxnry) kdh ukfo ;:-jnr yokb`rhy)$

@x y xmo lndf'xorg xrodhy xmkxrokllp gkxxor, b x x y yx`lluloky`df xn rounrx xmkx jn r nj

xmo dhìkxnry jnr brooh`dfb`rhy ymnvoh kd dirokyoboxvood 2550 kdh 25;5$ Xmoo}ioux`nd y xmo j rxmorhoil`do nj xmo jkrglkdh b`rh`dhìkxnr, vmìm vnrrp`dflp jollxn xy lnvoyx'ozor lozol d25;5$ @x y dnv loyy xmkd mkljnj xy ;065 yxkrx`df zkl o$

_A v`dxor`df vkxorb`rh `dhìkxnr@d xmo v`dxor, xmo _A mnlhy`dxordkx`ndkllp gunrxkdxunu lkx`ndy nj yvkdy, fooyo,h iay kdh vkh`df b`rhy$

Xmo v`dxor`df vkxorb`rh`dhìkxnr ymnvy mnv d gborynj xmoyo b`rhy rnyo yxokh`lpjrng xmo g`h ;065y xn xmolkxo ;005y, kdh xmodyxkb`l`yoh bojnro odxor`df kymkllnv hoil`do$ Yoo ukfoy222= jnr xrodhy d dh`z`h klyuoiòy kdh gnro h`yi yy`ndnj xmo dhìkxnr$

Kll xmo dh ikxnry yxkrxjrng k zkl o nj ;55$ @j kd`dho} r yoy xn 255 xmod,nd kzorkfo, unu lkx`ndynj yuoi oy d xmo dh ikxnrmkzo hn bloh$ @j x jklly xn

?5 xmod xmop mkzo mklzoh$

B odM

k l l - r y u b ' g k f o y $ i ng )


6/22

UR@NR@XP YUOI@OY_UHKXO

Y`dio xmo j ryx Y_AB rounrx d ;000, vozo rounrxoh nd xmo jnrx doynj k yuoi kl frn u nj b rhy yoloixoh ky ur nr xp yuoi oy `d xmo _AyB`nh`zory`xp Kix`nd Ulkd -BKU)$ Xmoyo kro xmo yuoi oy roio`z`dfukrx i lkr ogumky`y `d _A indyorzkx`nd ulkdd`df kdh hol zorp$

Xmo j`ryx l`yx nj ur`nr`xp yuoiòy d;00? jokx roh 2: b`rhy kgndf xmo?66 yuoiòy nj jlnrk kdh jk dk`hodx`jòh$ Boik yo nj xmoindyorzkx`nd royn rioy jni yohnd xmog, k d gbor nj xmoyo 2: b`rhymkzo ymnvd y`fd`jìkdx roinzorpy`dio ;00? dil h`df b`xxordy ,inrdirkaoy kdh d`fmxckry$ @d krozòv `d Y_AB 25;5, vo indil hohxmkx $$$bo`df `hodx j oh ky k ur nr xpjnr kix`nd d xmo _A BKU gkp bo kindxr`b xnrp jkixnr d yoi r`dfuny`x`zo n xingoy jnr b rh yuo i oy$

@d 2556, xmo ur`nr`xp yuoiòy l`yx vkyrozòvoh$ @x hn bloh d lodfxm, xn;,;?5 yuoiòy, vmìm dil hoh kd`dirokyoh d gbor nj b`rhy3 ?0 rkioynr yuoiòy voro dil hoh$ Xm`y vkyxmo j`ryx x`go xmkx k ur`nr`xp l`yx njxm`y a`dh mkh indy`horoh y byuoiòynj b`rhy ky voll ky yuoiòy$Xm`y dirokyo d xmo d gbor nj b`rhynd xmo BKU l`yx vky hr`zod bp kdov krrkp nj hoil`d`df yuoiòy,kdh boik yo dndo nj xmo nr`f`dklBKU yuoiòy mkh roinzoroh odn fmxn bo rognzoh jrng xmo l`yx$

Y`dio xmo 2556 rozòv, k ym`jx droyundy`b`l`xp jnr indyorzkx`ndhol`zorp jrng xmo _A Fnzordgodxxn xmo hoznlzoh khg`d`yxrkx`ndygokdy xmkx k _A'v`ho ur`nr`xp l`yx`df`y loyy djl odx`kl$ Ky y im, dh`z`h klin dxrp khg`d`yxrkx`ndy dnv mkzoxmo`r nvd ur`nr`xp l`yxy vmìm, jnr xmognyx ukrx, kro hor`zoh jrng xmo 2556BKU l`yx$ Jnr o}kgulo, xmo Yimoh lo8; l`yx nj ur`nr`xp yuoiòy jnr Odflkdh`dil hoy kll xmo _A BKU b`rhy xmkx

nii r d Odflkdh ul y mod mkrròr ,h o xn xmo m`fm lozol nj indiord jnrxmkx yuoiòy d Odflkdh$ Xmo dnx`ndnj BKU yuoiòy y dn lndfor ynrolozkdx, b x ur`nr`xp yuoiòy kro$

Y_AB v`ll indx`d o xn ukp ilnyokxxodx`nd xn xmo jnrx doy nj xmo_Ay gnyx xmrokxodoh kdhz ldorkblo yuoiòy$

Indyorzkx`nd doohohnd k lkrfor yiklo@d uroz`n y Y_AB rounrxy, vo mkzorounrxoh nd xmo lkxoyx y rzopy kdhyxkx y nj rkro kdh lnikl`yoh yuoiòy,y im ky xmo ikuorik`llò y rzopjokx roh d Y_AB 25;;$ Mnvozor,nj xmo ?0 b`rhy nd xmo 2556 BKU l`yx,

Kd uhkxo nd

ur nr xp yuoi oy

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 0= XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2

I n r d i r k a o

2: g`fmx bo indy`horoh kyv`hoyurokh, kdh ozod inggnd dyngo kroky$ Xm`y y k ilokrhogndyxrkx`nd nj mnv b`rh kdh`dhooh kll b`nh`zory`xp indyorzkx`nd`d xmo _A mky xn xkialo yy oy nd klkrfor yiklo, lnna`df kx xmo b`fforuìx ro kdh dnx c yx jni y`df nd lniklroy lxy$ @x doohy xn vnra xn gurnzoindh`x`ndy kirnyy gkdp jkrgy,vnnhy kdh voxlkdhy$ @dhooh, kix`ndgkp dooh xn yurokh ozod j rxmor`d xmo j x ro, y`dio o`fmx nj xmo ;5yuoiòy ymnv`df xmo frokxoyxhoil`doy y`dio xmo yxkrx nj xmo BBY-yoo ukfoy 0;5) kro lndf'h`yxkdiog`frkdxy$ Xm`y gokdy unyy`bloik yoy nd g`frkx`nd rn xoy nry b'Ykmkrkd v`dxor`df frn dhy doohxn bo o}kg`doh kdh indy`horoh xnn$

INGGND KDH V@HOYUROKH YUOI@OY

Xrodhy d inggnd brooh`df b`rhy`d xmo _AXm`y xkblo ymnvy xmo oyx`gkxohlndf'xorg -;065'25;5) kdhymnrx'xorg -;00?'25;5) xrodhyjnr inggnd brooh`df b`rhy dxmo _A$ Xmoyo kro bkyoh ndxmo roy lxy nj jn r kdd kl b`rhy rzopy1 xmo Inggnd B`rhyIody y -IBI) jrng ;065 xn2555, kdh xy roulkiogodx, xmoBrooh`df B`rh Y rzop -BBY),jrng ;008 ndvkrhy1 xmoVkxorvkpy B`rh Y rzop -VBY)jrng ;068 xn 25561 kdh xyroulkiogodx, xmo VkxorvkpyBrooh`df B`rh Y rzop -VBBY),jrng ;00= ndvkrhy$

Kll ymnrx'xorg xrodhy kro bkyohnd xmo ygnnxmoh BBY oyx`gkxoynj imkdfo d xmo _A boxvood;00? kdh 25;5, o}ioux jnr yozodr`zor`do yuoiòy - l`xxlo frobo ,x jxoh h ia , frop vkfxk`l , ykdhgkrx`d , hùuor , a`dfj`ymor kdhinggnd ykdhuùor ) jnr vm im ky`g`lkr goky ro y ikli lkxoh bpingb`d`df xmo VBY kdh VBBYhkxk, kdh frop mornd, vm im `ybkyoh nd xmo Morndròy Iody y-yoo ukfo ;8)$

Jnr gnyx yuoiòy, xmo lndf'xorgxrodhy kro bkyoh nd xmoygnnxmoh oyx`gkxoy nj imkdfoboxvood ;065 kdh 25;5 d kingb`doh IBI'BBY kdklpy`y$Mnvozor, jnr yuoi oy v`xmoz`hodio nj gkraoh h`jjorodioy dxmo unu lkx`nd gnd`xnroh bp xmoBBY kdh xy urohoioyynr xmo IBI-inhoh #), vo yo xmo IBIroy lxy dx`l ;008, kdh ynlolp xmoBBY jrng ;008 xn 25;5$ Modio,lndf'xorg xrodhy jnr xmoyoyuoiòy gkp dnx borouroyodxkx`zo nj xmo _Aunu lkx`nd ur`nr xn ;008, h o xnxmo gnro l`g`xoh fonfrkumìklkdh mkb`xkx inzorkfo nj xmo IBI-gk`dlp jkrglkdh kdh vnnhlkdhy`xoy d Odflkdh)$

-indx`d oy nd do}x ukfo)

Yu oi` oy Ln df 'x org x rod h Y mn rx 'xo rg x ro dh _ A un u lk x nd/ -;06525;5) / -;00?'25;5) oyx` gkxo

-uk`ry, 2550)G xo yvkd ;=5 29 :,955Froplkf fnnyo dk ;:= 8:,555

Ikdkhk fnnyo dk 69 ?6,555Ymolh ia ;98# 2 ;?,555Gkllkrh 00 25 ;;5,555X jxoh h ia 08 8: ;=,555Roh frn yo dk ? ;:5,555Roh'loffoh ukrxr`hfo ';8 26 =2,555Frop ukrxr`hfo '0; '?? 89,555Umokykdx 66# 9? 2,955,555Frop mornd ;2 '9 ;9,555L`xxlo frobo 8? 8 ?,:55Frokx iroyxoh frobo dk 0 8,055Roh a`xo dk ?62 ;,:55Yukrrnvmkva ;55 '6 9?,555B sskrh 890# 6? 6;,555Aoyxrol '88# '92 86,555Mnbbp dk ;: 2,=55Uorofr`do dk '2: ;,?55Gnnrmod ';6 ; 2=5,555Innx 68 92 :9,555Npyxorikximor dk ';8 ;;5,555Fnlhod ulnzor dk ';9 :6,555Lkuv`df '?: '92 ;85,555Ydùo dk 29 =;,555I rlov ':;# '88 :;,555Inggnd ykdhuùor '8; '6 ;?,555Rohymkda dk '90 2?,555Jorkl u`fond dk ';9 ??5,555Yxnia hnzo 02# 0 265,555Vnnhu`fond ;95 96 ?,855,555Inllkroh hnzo 999 29 005,555X rxlo hnzo '09 '=5 ;8,555R`df'doiaoh ukrkaoox dk ;,5;2 =,:55I iann ':2# '80 ;:,555Bkrd nvl dk 905 8,555L`xxlo nvl '?2 '85 ?,655

Xkvdp nvl '9? '29 ?5,555Yv`jx dk '9= =6,555A`dfj`ymor ';: '99 ?,;55Frood vnnhuoiaor ;;? 85 ?2,555Frokx yunxxoh vnnhuoiaor 9:= ;8; ;85,555Loyyor yunxxoh vnnhuoiaor '6; dk ;,?55Gkfuò 06 '2 ?05,555Ckp ? ;? ;=5,555Ckiahkv ;9; 88 ;,855,555Rnna dk ';: ;,;55,555Ikrr`nd irnv =0# ;5 ;,555,555Mnnhoh irnv dk 8 9:5,555Rkzod dk 5 6,?55

K d h p M k p - r y u b ' ` g k f o y $ i n g )


7/22

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 ;;;5 XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2

Xmo pollnv vkfxk l`y ndo nj k d gbornj lndf'h`yxkdiog frkdxy v`xmunu lkx`ndy dyxoou hoil do$

K d h pM


Lndf'xorg xrodhy jnr xmo yozodr`zor`do yuoiòy kro bkyoh ndygnnxmoh VBY'VBBYoyx`gkxoy nj imkdfo boxvood;06? kdh 25;5$ Klxmn fm kll hkxk,`dil h`df xmo gnyx roiodx jrng25;;, kro dil hoh `d xmoyokdklpyoy, vo rounrx goky roy njimkdfo jrng ;065 nr ;00? xn xmouod lx`gkxo pokr 25;5, xn kzn`h

drol`kblo ojjoixy h o xnygnnxm`df kx xmo odhun`dxy njx`go yoròy$ Kukrx jrng xmo yozodr`zor`do yuoiòy, lndf'xorg xrodhyinzor ymnrxor x`go uor`nhy h o xnxmo lkxor kzk`lkb`l`xp nj rol`kblohkxk, ky jnllnvy3 ;06225;5 jnrinllkroh hnzoy , ;06?25;5 jnryukrrnvmkvay kdh ;06625;5jnr mn yo yukrrnvy $

Unu lkx`nd oyx`gkxoy, jnr xmo pokr2550, kro jrng xmo Kz`kdUnu lkx`nd Oyx`gkxoy Ukdol yooukfo ;0 jnr gnro djnrgkx`nd$

Jnr gnro hoxk lykbn x xmo BBY,`dil h`df Xmo Brooh`df B rh Yurzop 25;; rounrx3vvv$bxn$nrf.bby

Yuoi oy Lndf'xorg xrodh Ymnrx'xorg xrodh _A unu lkx`nd/ -;0 65 2 5;5 ) / -;0 0? '2 5;5 ) oy x gkx o - 25 50 )

Fnlhiroyx '99# ';? ??5,555Bl o x`x 2= 6 9,655,555Frokx x`x 09 8: 2,:55,555Inkl x`x 9: ;6 625,555V`llnv x`x '09 '60 9,855Gkrym x`x ':= '22 8;,555Yaplkra '?=# '25 ;,?55,555Ykdh gkrx`d 85 :5 ;;5,555Yvkllnv 29# 9? =;5,555Mn yo gkrx`d '88# '2 ?;5,555Lndf'xk`loh x`x ;;?# 26 9?5,555Vnnh vkrblor dk ':? :,?55Im`jjimkjj :6 65 ;,255,555V`llnv vkrblor '98# 9 2,955,555Blkiaiku 222 ;52 ;,255,555Fkrhod vkrblor = '0 ;65,555Loyyor vm`xoxmrnkx 29 = 68,555Vm`xoxmrnkx ;? 89 ;,;55,555Frkyymnuuor vkrblor dk ?0 ;8,555Yohfo vkrblor '= ;8 2=5,555Rooh vkrblor ;8? 9: ;95,555D xmkxim 292 =5 225,555Xrooiroouor ';= '; ;05,555Vrod 28 '2 =,255,555Yxkrl`df '=5# '?5 ;,055,555

Hùuor '95 '9: ;2,555Blkiab`rh ';? 29 ?,;55,555Yndf xmr ym '?8 ;9 ;,255,555G`yxlo xmr ym '?6 '2= ;65,555Yunxxoh jlpikximor '== '?5 9?,555Rnb`d 9: ;5 :,855,555D`fmx`dfklo dk '?2 2,=55Uòh jlpikximor dk '?5 ;=,555Rohyxkrx 82 ;0 ;55,555Vm`dimkx dk '?6 86,555Yxndoimkx dk ;0 ?0,555Vmokxokr dk 9 285,555H ddnia '95 22 2,?55,555Mn yo yukrrnv ':8# '2 ?,955,555Xroo yukrrnv '0;# 0: 255,555Pollnv vkfxk`l '62 '?5 ;?,555Frop vkfxk`l '80 ';? 96,555Uòh vkfxk`l 29 ';; 865,555Xroo uù`x '69# '? ==,555Gokhnv uù`x '8:# '29 2,555,555Imkjj`dim 96 ;2 :,255,555Froodj`dim ';5 '0 ;,655,555Fnlhj`dim ;28# 0; ;,255,555Y`ya`d dk ?? 895,555L`ddox '??# '2; 895,555Loyyor rohunll '=:# 92 255,555Irnyyb`ll dk := 85,555B llj`dim '8; : 255,555Pollnvmkggor '?? ';? 625,555Rooh b dx`df '9: 28 2?5,555Inrd b dx`df '05 '98 ;;,555



8/22


Xmo xrodhy rounrxoh `d xmo xkbloy nd ukfoy 0;5 urnz`ho kdoyyodx`kl jn dhkx`nd jnr b rh indyorzkx`nd `d xmo _A$ Xmo kix`ndykdh hoi y`ndy nj unl ipgkaory, yi odx`yxy, indyorzkx`nd`yxy kdhikguk fdory rolp nd xmoyo j f roy$ @xy vnrxm rogogbor df xmkxxm`y `djnrgkx`nd o}`yxy lkrfolp h o xn xmo ojjnrxy nj xmn ykdhy njznl dxoor b rhvkximory$

@d xmo ikyo nj xmo BBY, krn dh 2,?55znl dxoory yuodh xvn gnrd`dfy kpokr gka`df yxkdhkrh`yoh b`rhin dxy d k lnikl ndo a`lngoxroy{ kro$ Xmoyo y`xoy kro rkdhnglplnikxoh d nrhor xn urnz`ho krouroyodxkx`zo ykgulo nj mkb`xkxy$Kdklpy`y nj xmoyo y`gulo in dxyrozokly xmo dhorlp`df xrodhy d b`rhunu lkx`ndy xmkx kro yn gunrxkdx jnr`djnrg`df indyorzkx`nd kix`nd$

BBY y rzopnry dooh xn mkzo k fnnhvnra`df adnvlohfo nj xmo`r lniklb`rhy d nrhor xn ikrrp n x xmo in dxy,b x nxmorv`yo dn yuoi`kl ya`lly kroro{ `roh$ Kdpndo ikd znl dxoorxn y rzop k BBY y{ kro, kdhukrxìùkdxy rkdfo jrng d`zory`xpyx hodxy xn b`rhvkximory v`xm:5 pokry o}uoròdio$

Xmo urohoioyynr xn xmo BBY, xmoInggnd B`rhy Iody y -IBI),bofkd ?5 pokry kfn, dxody`zolp

y rzop`df 2?5955 jkrglkdh kdhvnnhlkdh ulnxy ozorp pokr$Xmo krr`zkl nj xmo BBY rouroyodxohk imkdfo xnvkrh znl dxoorukrxìùkx`nd, d nrhor xn gkaoinggnd b`rh gnd`xnr`df gnrorouroyodxkx`zo$ Vmod xmo BBYyxkrxoh d ;008, krn dh ;,?55; ag y{ kroy voro y rzopoh okimpokr$ Xmkx d gbor mky dnv`dirokyoh xn nzor 9,555 h o xnojjoix`zo urngnx`nd nj znl dxoorb`rh y rzopy xn k v`hor k hòdio$

Mnvozor, unxodx`kl y rzopnry kro dnxozodlp h`yxr`b xoh kirnyy xmo _A1jnr o}kgulo, jkr gnro uonulo l`zo dyn xmord Odflkdh xmkd d dnrxmordukrxy nj Yinxlkdh$ Xmorojnro, d 25;;,nzor 2,?55 BBY y{ kroy voroy rzopoh d Odflkdh, ingukroh xn9?? d Yinxlkdh, 22; d Vkloy kdh;;5 `d Dnrxmord @rolkdh$ Vm lo yngonj xm`y h`jjorodio d inzorkfo ikdbo kiin dxoh jnr v`xm ynum`yxìkxohkdklpyoy nj xmo hkxk, x yx`ll gokdyxmkx xmoro y gnro djnrgkx`ndkzk`lkblo jnr b`rhy d Odflkdh xmkd

bom dh xmo d gboryXmo uonulo

B XN znl d xoory

jnr nxmor ukrxy nj xmo _A, y`dio lkrforkgn dxy nj hkxk urnh io gnrorol`kblo unu lkx`nd xrodhy$

@dxoroyx`dflp, j xmo d gbor njy{ kroy y rzopoh kro indy`horohrolkx`zo xn xmo d gbor nj znl dxoory

hn`df xmo gnd`xnr`df, rkxmor xmkdlkdh krok, xmoyo j`f roy hn ymnvxmkx uonulo d loyy unu lkxoh krokykro kix kllp gnro làolp xn xkao ukrx`d b`rh y rzopy$ Xmoro kro dokrlpxvìo ky gkdp BBY y{ kroyy rzopoh uor mokh nj unu lkx`nd dYinxlkdh kdh Vkloy xmkd d Odflkdh,

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 ;9;2 XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2

K d h pM


v`xm Dnrxmord @rolkdh jkll`df dboxvood$ Xm`y y rokl xoyxkgodx xnxmo v`ll`dfdoyy kdh hohìkx`nd njznl dxoory xn j`ll d fkuy d yuoiòygnd`xnr`df ukrxì lkrlp ky xmopnjxod mkzo xn xrkzol indy`horkbloh`yxkdioy xn y rzop rkdhnglp'lnikxoh BBY y{ kroy, d rognxoukrxy nj Yinxlkdh nr Vkloy$

Hoyu`xo xmo nzorkll lnvor lozoly njinzorkfo d Yinxlkdh, Vkloy kdhDnrxmord @rolkdh, odn fm BBYy{ kroy kro inzoroh xn urnh ioin dxrp'yuoi`jì xrodhy jnr gkdpyuoiòy, ky voll ky xmo _A j`f royf`zod moro$ In dxrp xrodhy kro`gunrxkdx jnr djnrg`df unlìp`d hoznlzoh khg`d`yxrkx`ndy,jnr o}kgulo, z`k in dxrp'yuoi`jìv`lh b`rh dhìkxnry$

In dxrp kdh rof`ndkl xrodhy ikd klynrozokl dxoroyx`df h`jjorodioy d xmojnrx doy nj k ukrxì lkr yuoiòy

`d h`jjorodx kroky$ Jnr o}kgulo,xmo nzorkll xrodh nj 9/ jnr v`llnvvkrblory m`hoy xmo jkix xmkx xm`yyuoiòy mky hoil`doh bp 2=/ dOdflkdh, vm`lo diroky`df bp 99/`d Yinxlkdh nzor xmo ykgo x`gouor`nh$ Xm`y ukxxord y ymkroh bpgkdp nxmor lndf'h`yxkdio g`frkdxy,kdh BBY znl dxoor in dxy jnrgxmo bky`y nj kd ndfn`df royokrimurnfrkggo xmkx k`gy xn o}ulk`dxmoyo h`jjorodioy$

Ozkl kx`df xmo ojjoixy nj xmo Odfl`ymOdz`rndgodxkl Yxovkrhymù yimogo

Kfr 'odz`rndgodx yimogoy kro bo`dfyoh xmrn fmn x xmo _A kdh O rnuoxn khhroyy hoil`doy `d jkrglkdhb`nh`zory`xp$ Xmoro y k dooh xnhogndyxrkxo xmo bodoj`xy nj xmoyojnr hoil`d`df b x yx`ll v`hoyurokhyuoiòy, y im ky gkdp nj n rjkrglkdh b`rhy$K roiodx ddnzkx`zo kdklpy`y nj Odfl`ym BBY hkxk mkyjn dh yxrndf oz`hodio xmkx Odz`rndgodxkl Yxovkrhymù -OY)yimogo nux`ndy vmìm urnz`ho v`dxor jnnh royn rioy -yx bbloykdh v`lh b`rh yooh g`}x roy) mkzo uny`x`zo ojjoixy nd xmo unu lkx`ndfrnvxm nj hoil`d`df yooh'okx`df b`rhy$ Jnr o}kgulo, o`fmx n x nj ;2

jkrglkdh yooh'okxory ymnvoh k uny`x`zo royundyo xn xmo urnz`y`ndnj v`dxor yx bbloy$ Xmo roy lxy jnr OY nux`ndy k`g`df xn urnz`hobrooh`df yokynd bodoj`xy, lào frkyylkdh, jòlh gkrf`dy kdhbn dhkrp gkdkfogodx, ymnvoh g`}oh ukxxordy nj uny`x`zokdh dofkx`zo kyyni`kx`ndy$

Xmo roy lxy jnr v`dxor jnnh nux`ndy urnz`ho xmo j`ryx oz`hodio jnrlkdhyikuo'yiklo royundyoy nj v`hoyurokh jkrglkdh b`nh`zory`xp xnkfr 'odz`rndgodx gkdkfogodx$ Xmo yx hp y ffoyxy xmkx rozory`dfjkrglkdh b`rh hoil`doy kx k dkx`ndkl yiklo y unyy`blo j bnxm xmo{ kdx`xp kdh { kl`xp nj aop nux`ndy `y dirokyoh y jjìòdxlp$

Hkxk inlloixoh bpznl dxoory ymnvyxmkx xmo urnz`y`ndnj v lh b rhinzor irnuy krobnnyx`df jkrglkdhb rh d gbory$

H k z ` h X ` u l ` d f

Jkrgor o}kg`d`dfv lh b rh inzor$


9/22

RKRO BROOH@DF B@RHY _UHKXO

Dkgoy dnx nd xmo l yxK d gbor nj yuoiòy mkzo boodhrnuuoh jrng xmo Ukdoly l`yx droiodx pokry$ Jnr yngo, x vkyroinfd`yoh xmkx nxmor yimogoyvoro boxxor ulkioh xn gnd`xnr xmo`runu lkx`ndy -y im ky Lokimy uoxrolykdh Yinxx`ym irnyyb`lly v`xmunu lkx`ndy oyx`gkxoh kx 8=,555

kdh :,?55 uk`ry, royuoix`zolp,do`xmor kro rokllp rkro b`rhy)$Jnr nxmory, unu lkx`ndy mkzo frnvdxn xmo un`dx xmkx xmop kro dn lndforrkro$ Xmofkhvkll vky dil hoh jnrxmo lkyx x`go d xmo 25;5 rounrx kyxmo unu lkx`nd mkh frnvd xn nzor;,=55 uk`ry, kdh y yx`ll r`y`df$Xm`y dirokyo d d gbory mky boodgkximoh d gnyx nxmor voyxordO rnuokd in dxròy, kdh v`xmd gbory yx`ll lnv d gkdp ukrxynj xmo _A, xmo unxodx`kl jnrj rxmor dirokyo y gkyy`zo$

Jloox`df kuuokrkdioy kdhdov yuoi oy khhoh@d Y_AB 25;; vo l yxoh k d gbor njdov yuoiòy xn brooh d xmo _A droiodx pokry, y im ky yunndb`llykdh u rulo morndy xmn fm `xy dnxiorxk`d vmoxmor xmoyo v`ll fn ndxn boingo oyxkbl`ymoh _A broohory`d xmo ykgo vkp ky l`xxlo ofroxy ,

y`dio xmo`r krr`zkl moro d ;00:$Nzor xmo pokry, xmo Ukdol mky klynrounrxoh nd k v`ho rkdfo nj yuoiòyxmkx mkzo gkho ndlp jloox`df, y`df`dfkuuokrkdioy d xmo brooh`df yokynd$Kgndf xmo vkrblor jkg`lp klndoxmoyo mkzo dil hoh Gkrgnrky,yuoixkiloh kdh frokx roohvkrblory jrng xmo Goh`xorrkdokd1frood`ym kdh Blpxmy rooh vkrbloryjrng Yikdh`dkz`k1 kdh r zorvkrblory jrng Okyxord O rnuo$

Nj frokxor y`fd`jìkdio mky bood xmokhh`x`nd xn xmo l`yx nj yuoiòy jrngxmo nxmor h`roix`nd$ Dnx rkro yuoiòykrr`z`df xn brooh jnr xmo j`ryx x`go,b x inggndor yuoiòy foxx`df rkror$@d 25;; xmo RBBU khhoh j`zo yuoiòyxn xy l`yx h o xn indiordy kbn xxmo`r d gbory, kdh xmo dkb`l`xp njnxmor yimogoy xn gnd`xnr xmogkho{ kxolp$ Xmroo nj xmoyo xmoKrixì ya k , loyyor yunxxohvnnhuoiaor kdh v`llnv x`x mkzobood roh'l`yxoh h o xn yozorounu lkx`nd hoil`do$ @x y bolòzoh xmkxxmoro kro dnv jovor xmkd ;,?55 uk`ryokim nj kll xmo xmroo yuoiòy lojx d

xmo _A$V`llnv x`xy mkzo hoil`dohgnro xmkd kdp nxmor yuoiòy y`dioxmo yxkrx nj xmo BBY, kdh mkzoh`ykuuokroh jrng lkrfo kroky nj xmo_A, v`xm xmo ndlp y`fd`jìkdx

indiodxrkx`nd lojx d xmo G`hlkdhykdh Pnraym ro$ Loyyor yunxxohvnnhuoiaory kro xnn rkro xn bognd`xnroh bp xmo BBY kx kll$Xmo nxmor xvn khh`x`ndy kro xmolndf'okroh kdh ymnrx'okroh nvly $Ol y`zo kdh mkrh xn y rzop, x ymnuoh xmkx odin rkf`df kgkxo rb`rhvkximory xn rounrx roinrhy njxmoyo xvn yuoiòy gkp f`zo y kboxxor dhoryxkdh`df nj xmo`r yxkx y$

Brooh df B rhy Ukdol

V llnv x`xy mkzo y jjoroh ndo njxmo lkrfoyx hoil doy d d gboryy`dio xmo ;005y, nj kdp yuoi oy$Xmop mkzo h`ykuuokroh jrngg im nj xmo _A$

V` l l nv

x ` x b pG` a oL k d o

k d h k r i x ` i y a k b pH

k z h A c k or - r y u b ' g k f o y $ i ng )

X nd pM

k g b l ` d - r y u b ' g k f o y $ i ng

)

Xmo Rkro

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 ;?;8 XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2

MORNDR@OYIODY_Y

Frop mornd gnd`xnr`df3=? pokry kdh in dx`dfFrop morndy kro kgndf xmognyx urohìxkblo nj kll b`rhy`d xmo`r imnìo nj doyx y`xo$ Gnyx

doyx d voll'oyxkbl`ymoh inlndòyxmkx mkzo o}`yxoh jnr pokry,yngox`goy hoikhoy$ Xmo doyxyxmogyolzoy kro b lap kdh njxodindyuì n y yxr ix roy$ Xmoyojokx roy gkao x y`gulo jnrb`rhvkximory xn gnd`xnr doyx`dfd gbory, c yx bp gka`df kdd klin dxy nj kuukrodxlp nii uòhdoyxy -KND)$

Xmo BXN Morndròy Iody y -MI)bofkd ky k urncoix jnr xmo cn rdklBr`x`ym B`rhy $ Xmo Iody y njMorndròy ;02=, vky d`x`kxoh,nrfkd`yoh kdh vr`xxod u bpxmo jkgn y nrd`xmnlnf`yx kdhindyorzkx`nd`yx OG Dìmnlynd$

Mo vky xmod k roiodx N}jnrhm`yxnrp frkh kxo, b x klrokhp kurnl`jì k xmnr nd b`rhy$ Lkxor movodx nd xn bo xmo jn dhor kdhj`ryx Yoiroxkrp nj xmo BXN,H`roixnr Fodorkl nj xmo Dkx roIndyorzkdip kdh k in'jn dhornj xmo Vnrlh V`lhl`jo J dh$

Xmo ;02= y rzop in dxoh 8,:9?KND kx 9:: morndròy, gk`dlp`d Odflkdh kdh Vkloy, kdh yxmn fmx xn mkzo kxxrkixohdokrlp ?55 indxr`b xnry$ Xmoodxm y`kyg x odfodhorohyu`lloh nzor dxn kdd kl y rzopy,vmìm jrng ;099 voro jnyxorohbp xmo jlohfl`df BXN$ Jrng ;09?,

xmrn fmn x vkrx`go kdh dxnxmo ;0?5y, kdd kl rounrxy x`xlohXmo dho} nj mornd unu lkx`ndvoro u bl`ymoh d Br`x`ym B`rhy $

Vm`lo xmo Dnrxm KgorìkdImr`yxgky B`rh In dx mky r dy`dio ;055, vo kro dnx kvkronj kdp nxmor brooh`df b`rhunu lkx`nd d xmo vnrlh xmkx mkybood kdd kllp gnd`xnroh jnr kylndf ky xmo _Ay frop morndy $

Klndfy`ho kdd kl in dxy kx kygkdp morndròy ky unyy`blo,

kxxoguxy xn in dx kll morndròyvoro gkho d ;0?8, ;0:8,;0=? kdh 2559$

@d roiodx yur`dfy, krn dh =,555doyxy -kbn x :5/ nj xmo _Aunu lkx`nd) mkzo bood in dxohkdd kllp$ Xm`y y gnro xmkd `d kdpuroz`n y pokr, o}ioux h r`df xmoinguloxo iody y nj 2559 vmod;5,8;8 KND voro jn dh kx 60?morndròy$ Xmo dirokyo d MIznl dxoory kllnvy ozor gnrouroi`yo oyx`gkxoy nj unu lkx`nd$

Gnholloh oyx`gkxoy nj xnxklunu lkx`nd, dil h`df kllnvkdioyjnr inlndòy dnx in dxoh nr dnxh`yinzoroh, rnyo xn k _A uokanj krn dh ;8,2?5 KND `d 255;$Mkrh v`dxory mkzo uor`nhìkllp`dxorr uxoh xmo fodorkllp uvkrhxrodh, ik y`df ymkru hnvdx rdy

Xnhkp, xy dnx c yx morndy@x vky dnx nr`f`dkllp kdxìùkxoh xmkx xmo MI vn lh inzor gnro xmkdndo yuoiòy, b x xnhkp, l`xxlo ofroxy , ikxxlo ofroxy kdh yunndb`llykro j llp dxofrkxoh dxn xmo y rzop$ L`xxlo ofroxy j`ryx bofkd doyx`df`d frop mornd inlndòy nd xmo Odfl`ym yn xm inkyx `d ;00:, lk dim`dfk rku`h dirokyo xmkx y ndlp dnv ymnv`df y`fdy nj lozoll`df njj$Inrgnrkdx in dxy kx morndròy, inlloixoh bp MI, mkzo moluohgnd`xnr`df nj xmo dlkdh yurokh nj xmkx yuoiòy, xnn$

J rxmor mornd kdh uormkuy b`y yuoiòy kro o}uoixoh xn bo khhoh xnxmo MI d xmo j x ro, ky xmoyo yuoiòy o}ukdh dnrxmvkrhy xn xmo _Ajrng xmo Indx`dodx$ @dhooh, xm`y pokr frokx vm`xo ofroxy voroindj`rgoh xn bo brooh`df jnr xmo j`ryx x`go d Yngoryox$

kdh yxoou roinzoròy$ K ymkllnvyl`ho d d gbory h r`df xmoroiodx hoikho, kiiolorkxoh bproiodx inlh v`dxory, mky roy lxoh`d xmo unu lkx`nd hrnuu`df bkiabolnv ;2,555 KND `d 25;;$

Y`dio xy jnrgkx`nd d ;069, xmo Rkro Brooh`df B rhy Ukdol -RBBU)mky inllkxoh hkxk kdd kllp nd xmo _Ay rkroyx brooh`df b rhy$Nzor xmo pokry, xmo l yx nj yuoi oy xmkx xmo Ukdol inzory mky imkdfoh,v`xm yuoi oy bnxm ing`df kdh fn`df$ Xmnyo imkdfoy mkzo rojloixohxmo imkdf df jnrx doy nj yngo nj n r rkror brooh`df b rhy$

5

2555

8555

:555

=555

;5555

;2555

;8555

;:555

K u u k r o d

x l p n i i u

` o h d o y

x y

; 0 2 =

; 0 9 ;

; 0 9 8

; 0 9 6

; 0 8 5

; 0 8 9

; 0 8 :

; 0 8 0

; 0 ? 2

; 0 ? ?

; 0 ? =

; 0 : ;

; 0 : 8

; 0 : 6

; 0 6 5

; 0 6 9

; 0 6 :

; 0 6 0

; 0 = 2

; 0 = ?

; 0 = =

; 0 0 ;

; 0 0 8

; 0 0 6

2 5 5 5

2 5 5 9

2 5 5 :

2 5 5 0

Oyx`gkxo

Inudx

2 5 5 0

2 5 5 :

2 5 5 9

2 5 5 5

; 0 0 6

; 0 0 8

; 0 0 ;

; 0 = =

; 0 = ?

; 0 = 2

; 0 6 0

; 0 6 :

; 0 6 9

; 0 6 5

; 0 : 6

; 0 : 8

; 0 : ;

; 0 ? =

; 0 ? ?

; 0 ? 2

; 0 8 0

; 0 8 :

; 0 8 9

; 0 8 5

; 0 9 6

; 0 9 8

; 0 9 ;

; 0 2 =

Pokr

;:555

;8555

;2555

;5555

=555

:555

8555

2555

5

Frop mornd d gbory y`dio ;02=

Krix i ya k d gbory mkzo jkllod xn xmoun`dx xmkx xmop { kl jp jnr RBBU inzorkfo

Frop mornd


10/22

BROOH@DF YOKB@RHY@D XMO _A

Xmo Yokb rh Gnd`xnr df Urnfrkggo -YGU) mky in'nrh`dkxoh xmognd`xnr df nj brooh`df yokb rh unu lkx`ndy `d xmo _A y`dio ;0=:$

Kd o}xody`zo ykgulo nj inlndòy ygnd`xnroh okim pokr bp ukrxdornrfkd`ykx`ndy kdh znl dxoory, kdh yy uulogodxoh v`xm gnro dxody`zognd`xnr`df nj bomkz`n rkl kdhhognfrkumì ukrkgoxory kx aopinlndòy$ Xm`y djnrgkx`nd y molu`df

y dhoryxkdh mnv xmo _Ay`dxordkx`ndkllp gunrxkdx yokb`rhunu lkx`ndy kro jkr`df$

Xmo YGU roio`zoy hkxk jrngboxvood 255 kdh 2?5 h`jjorodx y`xoyokim pokr, gnd`xnr`df 2: yuoiòy$Yngo nj xmoyo y`xoy kro gnd`xnrohbp ukrxdor nrfkd`ykx`ndy, d vmìmznl dxoory ulkp k aop rnlo,vm`lo nxmor y`xoy kro gnd`xnroh`dhouodhodxlp, bp dh`z`h kly kdhr`df`df frn uy nd k znl dxkrp nrindxrkixoh bky`y$ Kb dhkdio hkxkjrng xmoyo y`xoy kro yoh ky kgoky ro nj xmo yxkxo nj unu lkx`ndy,v`xm xmo zòv nj gka`df djorodioykbn x xmo v`hor gkr`do odz`rndgodx$

Y`dio ;0=:, xmo gnyx y byxkdx`klhoil`doy mkzo nii rroh d ymkfy ,a`xx`vkaoy , rnyokxo xordy ,Krixì ya ky kdh frokxblkia'bkiaoh f lly $

K dd k b ol A d u o

Hoil`doy mkzo indx`d oh y`dio 2555`d kll xmoyo yuoiòy, v`xm xmoo}ioux`nd nj rnyokxo xordy , vm imindx`d o xmo`r ylnv roinzorp jrngxmo lkrfo hoil`doy h r`df xmo ;0=5y$

Y`dio yokb`rhy kro lndf'l`zoh, kdho}m`b`x m`fm kh lx y rz`zkl rkxoy kdhlnv lozoly nj kdd kl urnh ix`z`xp,`x gkp xkao yozorkl pokry bojnro`gukixy nd yokb`rh brooh`df y iioyykro oz`hodx d xmo y`so nj brooh`dfunu lkx`ndy$ B x goky r`df kdhuroyodx`df nxmor hognfrkumì hkxk,y im ky brooh`df y iioyy kdhy rz`zkl, gkp urnz`ho k gnroyody`x`zo vkp nj dhoryxkdh`df mnvimkdfoy d xmo gkr`do odz`rndgodxkro kjjoix`df b`nh`zory`xp$

A`xx`vkao hoil doy l daoh xnykdhool hoil doyA`xx`vkao d gbory mkzo hoil`dohyxokh`lp y`dio xmo okrlp ;005y kdh d25;; voro oyx`gkxoh xn mkzo jkllodbolnv mklj xmo`r d gbor d ;0=:$

Urnh ix`z`xp mky klyn hoil`dohh r`df xm`y uor`nh -yoo j`f ro, r`fmx)$Xmoro mky bood k y`fd`jìkdxhoirokyo d a`xx`vkao y rz`zkl ndYangor @ylkdh, ndo nj xmo YGUyaop y`xoy, y`dio xmo lkxo ;065y$Xm`y inrrolkxoy v`xm rox rd rkxoy ndxmo @ylo nj Gkp, kdnxmor aop y`xo$

@d ukrxì lkr, lkrfo roh ix`ndy da`xx`vkao y rz`zkl boxvood ;00?kdh 2555 in`di`hoh v`xm k 96/hoil`do d d gbory kirnyy xmo _A$

Y`dio hkxk inlloix`nd nii ry kxbrooh`df inlndòy, a`xx`vkaoy rz`zkl oyx`gkxoy rouroyodxy rz`zkl boxvood brooh`df yokyndy$V`xm djnrgkx`nd nd urnh ix`z`xp kdhy rz`zkl, x y unyy`blo xn kxxr`b xo xmohoil`do xn bnxm unnror y rz`zkl kx yokh r`df xmo dnd'brooh`df uor`nh, kdh

klyn xn lnvor brooh`df y iioyy kxxmo inlndp$ Y`dio bnxm xmo jkll durnh ix`z`xp kdh y rz`zkl mkzo boodrolkxoh xn hoil`doy d ykdhooly,`x vn lh kuuokr xmkx roh ioh uropkzk`lkb`l`xp y kx lokyx ndo jkixnrindxr`b x`df xn xmo hoil`d`dfd gbory nj a`xx`vkaoy $

Goky r`df y rz`zkl nj yokb`rhy ikdbo x`go indy g`df kdh urkixìkllph`jjì lx$ Nxmor xmkd jnr k jov yuoiòy

kx ukrxì lkr yx hp y`xoy,n r adnvlohfo nj y rz`zkl rkxoy`y unnr$ Mnvozor, hkxk inlloixohxmrn fm xmo BXN dkx`ndkl r`df`dfyimogo ikd urnz`ho y rz`zkloyx`gkxoy jrng gkraoh b`rhy xmrn fm roinzoròy nj hokh r`dfohb`rhy, l`zo ro'xrkuu`df kdh ro'y`fmx`df$

Krn dh :5,555 yokb`rhy kro r`dfohkdd kllp d Br`xk`d kdh @rolkdh, lkrfolpbp znl dxoory$ @x y mnuoh xmkx j x roinllkbnrkx`ndy boxvood xmo YGU kdhxmo BXN r`df`df yimogo, y im ky xmoRKY -Roxrkuu`df Kh lxy jnr Y rz`zkl)urnfrkggo, in lh dirokyo xmo lozolnj y rz`zkl gnd`xnr`df$ Xm`y vn lhurnz`ho zkl kblo djnrgkx`nd nd xmoyxkxo nj xmo _Ay yokb`rhy kdh xmov`hor gkr`do odz`rndgodx$

Znl dxooryokb rhy rzopnr

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 ;6;: XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2

Yuoiòy ;0=:25;; 2 55525;; _A unu lkx`ndxrodh / xrodh / oyx`gkxo -2550) 2

J lgkr '8 = ?55,555Fkddox ; 6; ;= 225,555Inrgnrkdx ? ';; 0,555Ymkf '82 '2: 26,555Krixì ya k '62 '?= 2,;55Frokx ya k ; 8: ;: 0,:55

A`xx`vkao '?? '8; 9=5,555Blkia'mokhoh f ll =2 6= ;85,555Loyyor blkia'bkiaoh f ll ? '92 ;;5,555Morr`df f ll '28 '99 ;85,555Frokx blkia'bkiaoh f ll '9? '96 ;6,555L`xxlo xord ';= 2 ;,055Ykdhvìm xord ;8 6 ;2,555Inggnd xord '2 ';8 ;2,555Rnyokxo xord '6? 68 =0Krixì xord ': ';? ?9,555F `llognx 9? : 0?5,555Rksnrb`ll ?0 ;8 ;95,555

; xrodh hor`zoh jrng iody y `dxorunlkx`ndy kdh o}xrkunlkx`ndy2uk`ry ky oyx`gkxoh bp Kz`kd Unu lkx`nd Oyx`gkxoy Ukdol -yoo ukfo ;0)

U r n

h i

x ` z

` x p

- i m ` i a y

. u k

` r )

2 5 ; 5

2 5 5 =

2 5 5 :

2 5 5 8

2 5 5 2

2 5 5 5

; 0 0 =

; 0 0 :

; 0 0 8

; 0 0 2

; 0 0 5

; 0 = =

; 0 = :

;$:

;$8

;$2

;

5$=

5$:

5$8

5$2

5

U r n

h i

x ` z

` x p

- i m ` i a y

. u k

` r )

;55

05

=5

65

:5

?5

85

95

25

;5

5

R o

x u r d r k

x o . y u r z

` z k l r k

x o - / )

@ylo nj Gkp roxurd rkxoy Yangor yurz`zkl rkxoy _A Urnhuix`z`xp

A`xx`vkao urnh ix`z`xp kdh y rz`zkl

Gnd xnr df

Xmo xkblo ymnvy xmoh jjor df jnrx doy nj yngonj xmo yuoi oy gnd`xnrohbp xmo YGU, ky voll kyf z`df xmo gnyx roiodxunu lkx`nd oyx`gkxoy$

R k sn rb `ll K d h p M k p - r y u b ' ` g

k f o y $ i n g )

Xrodhy d brooh`df yokb`rhdugbory `d xmo _A

yokb rhy


11/22

Dnv oyx`gkxohkx 9=5,555 uk ry,d gbory nja`xx`vkaoy `d xmo _Amkzo gnro xmkdmklzoh y`dio ;0=:$

G k r a M

k g b l ` d - r y u b ' g k f o y $ i ng )

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 ;0;= XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2

DOV UNU_LKX@ND OYX@GKXOY JNR B@RHY @D XMO _A

Dov unu lkx`nd oyx`gkxoyjnr b`rhy `d xmo _AXmo Kz`kd Unu lkx`nd Oyx`gkxoyUkdol, ingur`y`df nrd`xmnlnf`yxyjrng xmo _Ay gk`d indyorzkx`ndkdh nrd`xmnlnfìkl nrfkd`ykx`ndy,urnh ioy inllkx`ndy nj njjì`klunu lkx`nd oyx`gkxoy jnr n rbrooh`df kdh dnd'brooh`dfb`rhy$ Xmo Ukdol u bl`ymohkyyoyygodxy d ;006 kdh255:, v`xm k xm`rh yox h o xnbo u bl`ymoh d Br`x`ym B`rhy h r`df 25;9$ Vo kro jnrx dkxoxn bo kblo xn urozòv yngo njxmo dov oyx`gkxoy d xm`ypokry Y_AB$ N r xkbloy njxrodhy jnr inggnd brooh`dfb`rhy, yokb`rhy kdh v`dxor`dfvkxorb`rhy -ukfoy 0;5, ;:kdh 29) klyn indxk`d unu lkx`ndoyx`gkxoy$ Xmoyo oyx`gkxoyrkdfo jrng =0 uk`ry nj rnyokxo

xordy , u xn nzor o`fmx g`ll`nd

uk`ry nj xmo _Ay inggndoyxb`rh, vrody $

Vm`lyx xmo rolkx`zo xrodhy d

unu lkx`nd y`so kro z`xkl jnr`djnrg`df indyorzkx`nd vnra,xmoyo oyx`gkxoy nj kbynl xounu lkx`nd y`so kro klyn zkl kbloxnnly$ Jnr o}kgulo, xmop kllnvxmo y`xoy xmkx mnlh y`fd`jìkdxurnunrx`ndy nj yuoiòyunu lkx`ndy xn bo hodx`jòhkdh hoy`fdkxoh$

Nd ukfoy 252; , Y_AB klynxkaoy k bròj lnna kx xmo xnxkld gbory nj b`rhy d xmo _A kdh,bp g lxùlp`df xmnyo d gbory bpkzorkfo yuoiòy vo`fmx, xmo xnxklb`ngkyy nj b`rhy d xmo _A$

Bp ingb`d`df dov unu lkx`ndoyx`gkxoy v`xm adnvd yuoiòy

xrodhy, vo ikd oyx`gkxo mnvxnxkly nj b`rhy mkzo zkròh y`dioxmo ;0:5y$ Ky xmo j`f ro bolnvymnvy, xmo xnxkl d gbor njbrooh`df uk`ry d xmo _A mkyjkllod nzor xm`y uor`nh, jrng ;5?xn =9 g`ll`nd k lnyy nj 22 g`ll`nduk`ry -2;/)$ D gbory rogk`dohrn fmlp yxkblo o`xmor y`ho nj ky byxkdx`kl hoil`do boxvoodxmo g`h';065y kdh g`h';0=5y326 g`ll`nd uk`ry nj brooh`df b`rhyvoro lnyx jrng xmo _A boxvood;06? kdh ;0=6$

Pn ikd j dh gnrofrkum iy nd xmounu lkx`nd y soy nj _Ab rhy ndl do$ Yoo ukfo 85jnr xmo voby`xoy nj kll njxmo ukrxdory dznlzoh dYxkxo nj xmo _Ay B rhy

$

Xnxkl d gbor nj brooh`df b`rhy d xmo _A nzor xmo lkyx j`zo hoikhoy$

5

25,555,555

85,555,555

:5,555,555

=5,555,555

;55,555,555

;25,555,555

; 0 : :

; 0 : =

; 0 6 5

; 0 6 2

; 0 6 8

; 0 6 :

; 0 6 =

; 0 = 5

; 0 = 2

; 0 = 8

; 0 = :

; 0 = =

; 0 0 5

; 0 0 2

; 0 0 8

; 0 0 :

; 0 0 =

2 5 5 5

2 5 5 2

2 5 5 8

2 5 5 :

2 5 5 =

D g

b o r n

j b r o o h

` d f

b ` r h y

` d x m o

_ A - u k ` r y

)

Pokr

Br x`ym B rhy u bl ymoy frn dh'broka df krx iloynd `hodx j ikx`nd, h`yxr b x`nd, g frkx`nd,indyorzkx`nd kdh xk}ndngp$ @x y xmo ulkio xnrounrx y fd j ikdx nrd`xmnlnf ikl y fmx`dfy kdhozodxy$ Xmo u bl ikx`nd y v`holp rofkrhoh kyxmo b rh cn rdkl nj roinrh d Frokx Br xk`d$


12/22


Krn dh xmroo'{ krxorynj brooh`df uk`rybolndf xn xmo ukyyor`dofrn u -uorim`df b`rhy)$Xmo ingb`doh b`ngkyynj kll xmo _Ay brooh`dfb`rhy y krn dh2? xmn ykdh xnddoy$

Xmo bkry nd xmo lojx njxm`y j`f ro ymnv mnvxmo rolkx`zo gunrxkdionj okim frn u imkdfoyhrkgkxìkllp j b`ngkyy`y indy`horoh, v`xm xmou`fondy kdh hnzoykdh fkgob`rhy frn uybo`df xmo gnyxy`fd`jìkdx, gk`dlp h oxn xmo lkrfo d gborynj vnnhu`fondy kdhumokykdxy royuoix`zolp$

Yokb`rhy gkao u kj rxmor 25/ nj xmob`ngkyy nj xmo _Ayb`rhy, rojloix`df xmorìm -pox holìkxolpbklkdioh) jnnhroyn rioy `d n r yoky$

Klxmn fm yngo dnd'dkx`zo b`rhy, y im ky Ikdkhk

fooyo kdh umokykdxy , kro inggnd kdh jkg`l`kr,dnd'dkx`zo yuoiòy jnrg ndlp krn dh 2/ nj xmo _Ayb`rh unu lkx`ndy$ Mnvozor, ky gkdp kro rolkx`zolplkrfo b`rhy, dnd'dkx`zoy indxr`b xo 29/ nj xmob`ngkyy nj xmo _Ay brooh`df b`rhy$ Xm`y ymnvyxmo`r unxodx`kl xn mkzo k y`fd`jìkdx gukix nd xmooinypyxogy dxn vmìm xmop mkzo bood `gunrxoh$Yuoiòy xmkx indxr`b xo k rolkx`zolp m`fm urnunrx`nd njxmo b`ngkyy xn oinypyxogy ikd bo aop d ymku`df xmokd`gkl kdh ulkdx ingg d`xòy krn dh xmog$ @d gkdpikyoy, dnd'dkx`zo yuoiòy mkzo bood ymnvd xn mkzoyozoro gukixy nd dkx`zo b`nh`zory`xp, jnr o}kgulo`dzky`zo yuoiòy kro indy`horoh xn bo ndo nj xmo gk`dik yoy nj flnbkl o}x`dix`ndy$

Aop jnr ukyyor`do frn uy3Inrz`hk3 irnvyYplz`n`hok3 `dil hoy x`xy,lkray, yvkllnvy kdh vkrblory$G yiìkun`hok3 `dil hoyd xmkximoy, xrooiroouory,vrody, yxkrl`dfy, xmr ymoy,imkxy kdh jlpikximory$Ukyyorn`hok3 `dil hoyh ddniay, yukrrnvy,vkfxk`ly, uù`xy, j`dimoykdh b dx`dfy$

Xmoro kro nzor=5 g ll nd brooh`dfuk`ry nj b`rhy d xmo_A$ Xmo bkry ndxmo r`fmx'mkdh y`honj xm`y j f ro ymnvmnv xmoyo brokahnvd `dxn gk`dyuoi oy frn uy$

Xmoro kro dokrlp xvn kdh mklj g ll nd brooh`df uk ry nj dnd'dkx`zo b rhy dxmo _d`xoh A`dfhng$ B x vmkx `gukix hn xmop gkao d xorgy nj b`ngkyy>Xm`y `djnfrkum i ymnvy mnv dkx zo b rhy ingukro xn dnd'dkx zo b rhy$

Ozod xmn fm dnd'dkx`zoyuoi oy kro ndlp k ygkllurnunrx`nd nj xmo _Aybrooh`df b rhy bp d gbor,xmop rouroyodx dokrlp k{ krxor nj xmo b`ngkyy $


Brooh`df uk`ryB`ngkyy -af)

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 2;25 XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2


13/22


V@DXOR@DF VKXORB@RHY @D XMO _A

Ozorp v`dxor, xmo _A mnyxy `dxordkx`ndkllp `gunrxkdx d gbory njg`frkxnrp vkxorb`rhy$ G ll ndy z`y`x xn xkao khzkdxkfo nj n ro}xody`zo voxlkdh mkb`xkxy kdh xmo rolkx`zolp g lh v`dxor il gkxo,bojnro houkrx`df `d yur df xn brooh `d kroky ky jkr kj olh kydnrxmord Ikdkhk kdh Y`bor k$Xmo ir`xìkl rnlo n r voxlkdhy ulkp jnrxmoyo vkxorb`rhy gokdy xmkx xmognyx gunrxkdx y`xoy kro hoy`fdkxohky Yuoi`kl Urnxoix`nd Kroky -YUKy)kdh Voxlkdhy nj @dxordkx`ndkl@gunrxkdio -Rkgykr Y`xoy)$

Xmo v`dxor`df vkxorb`rh dhìkxnrnd ukfo : ymnvy xmo nzorkllxrodh d kb dhkdio jnr 8: dkx`zoyuoiòy.unu lkx`ndy, ur`gkr`lp y`df

hkxk jrng Voxlkdh B`rh Y rzop-VoBY) Inro In dxy kdh xmoFnnyo * Yvkd Gnd`xnr`dfUrnfrkggo -FYGU)$

Pn ikd j`dh gnro djnrgkx`nd kxvvv$bxn$nrf.voby kdhmxxu3..gnd`xnr`df$vvx$nrf$ a.fnnyo^ kdh^yvkd$umu

Xmo dhìkxnr ll yxrkxoy k yxokhp`dirokyo d v`dxor`df vkxorb`rhy dxmo _A jrng xmo g`h';065y xn xmolkxo ;005y$ Xmy vky h o d ukrx xnxmo oyxkbl`ymgodx nj k doxvnra njurnxoixoh voxlkdh y`xoy kdh, jnryngo yuoiòy, k roh ix`nd d m dx`dfuroyy ro klyn indxr`b xoh xn xmo`r`dirokyoy$ Mnvozor, y`dio xmog`h';005y, kzorkfo vkxorb`rhd gbory mkzo lozolloh njj, kdh xmo`dhìkxnr y dnv yxkrx`df xn ymnv kyl`fmx hoil`do, ukrxì lkrlp jnr vkhory$

Hkxk jrng vkxorb`rh gnd`xnr`dfyimogoy d nxmor ukrxy nj O rnuomkzo hogndyxrkxoh xmkx jnr yngoyuoiòy xm`y gkp bo ukrxlpkxxr`b xkblo xn ymnrx yxnuu`df,vmoro kd dirokyoh urnunrx`nd njvkxorb`rhy kro kblo xn v`dxor j rxmor

okyx kdh dnrxm h o xn g`lhorv`dxory$ Vmoxmor xmoro krodofkx`zo indyo{ odioy jnr xmob`rhy ky k roy lx nj xmoyo ym`jxy dh`yxr`b x`nd y, ky pox, dadnvd$Jnr nxmor vkxorb`rh yuoiòy,mnvozor, xmo v`hor dxordkx`ndklindxo}x dhìkxoy xmkx rokl unu lkx`ndhoil`doy kro nii rr`df, f`z`dffrokxor ik yo jnr indiord$

@x y gunrxkdx xn dnxo xmkx `dhìkxnry`d b`rh gnd`xnr`df ndlp urnz`ho kfodorkl dhìkx`nd nj imkdfo dnzorkll kb dhkdio$ Vmod dh`z`h klyuoiòy, unu lkx`ndy nr frn uy njyuoiòy kro o}kg`doh youkrkxolp,zorp h`jjorodx xrodhy ikd bo kuukrodx$Jnr vkxorb`rhy, gnd`xnr`df kdhindyorzkx`nd y xpuìkllp ikrròh n xkx k unu lkx`nd yiklo, jnllnv`df xmo

h`yx`dix jlpvkpy yoh bp xmoyog`frkx`df b`rhy, ky uroyy roy jki`dfndo unu lkx`nd nj k yuoiòy gkp boh`jjorodx xn xmnyo jkioh bp kdnxmorunu lkx`nd nj xmo ykgo yuoiòy$

Inllkbnrkx`nd boxvood dkx`ndklvkxorb`rh gnd`xnr`df yimogoy yxmorojnro oyyodx`kl$ VoBY kdhFYGU hkxk indxr`b xo xn xmo@dxordkx`ndkl Vkxorb`rh Iody y

-@VI), in'nrh`dkxoh bp Voxlkdhy@dxordkx`ndkl$ Xmo @VI y k inllkx`ndnj vkxorb`rh in dxy hndo d Ckd krpokim pokr d in dxròy kirnyy xmoflnbo, kdh y ir i`kl jnr xmokyyoyygodx nj vkxorb`rh unu lkx`ndyxkx y kx xmo jlpvkp lozol$ Xmoro y`diroky`df royokrim y`df @VI hkxko}kg`d`df imkdfoy d xmo h`yxr`b x`ndkdh d gbory nj vkxorb`rhy ddnrxm'voyx O rnuo$

Yuoiòy.unu lkx`nd Lndf'xorg Xod'pokr _A v`dxorxrodh / xrodh / unu lkx`nd

oyx`gkxo

G xo yvkd ;;6 '2 60,555

Bovìa&y yvkd '92 '9? 6,555Vmnnuor yvkd 2:6 06 ;?,555U`da'jnnxoh fnnyo 28; 88 9:5,555O rnuokd vm`xo'jrndxoh fnnyo '60 ':0 2,855Froodlkdh vm`xo'jrndxoh fnnyo ?9 '85 ;9,555@iolkdhì froplkf fnnyo ;8 ;: ==,555Br`x`ym froplkf fnnyo 8;: 82 ;85,555Ikdkhk fnnyo ;;9 ;6 ;05,555Froodlkdh bkrdkilo fnnyo ;9; ?: ?=,555Yzklbkrh bkrdkilo fnnyo 295 20 99,555Hkra'bollòh brodx fnnyo ': ';? 0;,555Ikdkh`kd l`fmx'bollòh brodx fnnyo d.k 20 26,555Yzklbkrh l`fmx'bollòh brodx fnnyo 2=8 66 9,855Ymolh ia '9 ';6 ::,555V`fond :9 '2 8?5,555Fkhvkll 9;2 26 2?,555Xokl 8; '9 225,555Gkllkrh '90 '25 6;5,555U`dxk`l ';6 ';9 20,555Ymnzolor 65 2: ;=,555Unimkrh '?5 '8: 8=,555X jxoh h ia ;0 ';; ;25,555Yik u =9 ;9 ;2,555O`hor -o}ioux Ymoxlkdh) ';; ';? ?=,555O`hor -Ymoxlkdh) d.k d.k ?,?55Fnlhodopo '2= '89 26,555Roh'brokyxoh gorfkdyor ';: '92 0,555Fnnykdhor ';; '9; ;2,555R hhp h ia '?0 '=? :5L`xxlo frobo d.k ;0 ;6,555Frokx iroyxoh frobo d.k '? 29,555Inrgnrkdx d.k ? 8;,555Innx d.k '6 ;05,555Npyxorikximor '8 ';8 985,555Kzniox 4;,555 6? 6,?55

R`dfoh ulnzor '28 '2? 9:,555Fnlhod ulnzor 92; ';2 825,555Frop ulnzor 62 ';? 89,555Lkuv`df 06 '9: :?5,555Adnx ;? ;; 995,555Ykdhorl`df 6: 9? ;6,555U rulo ykdhuùor '?2 '2; ;9,555H dl`d '2= '98 9:5,555Blkia'xk`loh fnhv`x 89; :; 88,555Bkr'xk`loh fnhv`x ';6 ';= 8;,555I rlov ;0 '25 ;?5,555Rohymkda ;? ';= ;95,555X rdyxndo ';? ';5 ?;,555


Xrodhy d v`dxor`df vkxorb`rhy`dil h`df unu lkx`nd oyx`gkxoy

Unu lkx`nd oyx`gkxoy kro f`zodjnr xmo _A$

Lnvor inzorkfo nj yngomkb`xkxy -y im ky dnd'oyx kr`donuod inkyx, r`zory kdhjkrglkdh) gokdy xmkx xrodhyjnr yuoiòy jn dh lkrfolpnd y im mkb`xkxy -y im kyykdhorl`dfy , gkllkrhy kdhlkuv`dfy ) gkp bo loyyrouroyodxkx`zo xmkd xmnyo jnryuoiòy jn dh d mkb`xkxy v`xmboxxor y rzop inzorkfo$

Lndf'xorg xrodhy kro xmouoriodxkfo imkdfoyboxvood xmo ygnnxmoh`dho} zkl oy jnr ;0=9=8kdh 255=50$ Xod'pokr xrodhykro xmo uoriodxkfo imkdfoyboxvood xmo ygnnxmoh dho}zkl oy jnr ;00=00 kdh255=50$ Ikli lkx`nd njygnnxmoh dhìoy bp yo nj kfodorkl`yoh khh`x`zo gnhol`y hoxk`loh j rxmor kxvvv$bxn$nrf.voby.klorxy

Dkx`ndkl dhìoy nj Ikdkh`kdl`fmx'bollòh brodx fooyo ,l`xxlo froboy , frokx iroyxohfroboy , innxy kdh inrgnrkdxyyxkrxoh lkxor xmkd jnr nxmoryuoiòy, yn ndlp

;5'pokr xrodhy kro ymnvd$

G k r a Y ` y y n d - r y u b ' ` g k f o y $ i n g

)

xn _A voxlkdhyZ y xnry

U r ulo ykdhu uor y kr o kyyni kxohv xm xmo _ A y r ni ap ymnr oy kdhmkz o hoi l doh bp ?2/ y di o xmo; 0=9 =8 v dxor $


14/22

Xmo _A urnz`hoy nzor k { krxornj xmo O rnuokd oyx kr`doroyn rio, yn y nj gkcnr`gunrxkdio jnr vkxorb`rhy xmkx

yo xm`y mkb`xkx, bnxm ndg`frkx`nd kdh h r`df v`dxor$N r oyx kròy kro oyuoi`kllpir`xìkl jnr vkhory3 lkrfo jlniayjooh`df kirnyy dxorx`hkl kroky,nr jlp`df xn m`fm x`ho rnnyxy, krokd guroyy`zo y`fmx kdh k zorp`gunrxkdx ukrx nj n r b`nh`zory`xp$

@x y z`xkllp gunrxkdx jnr xmo zkyxd gbory nj vkhory xmkx yon r oyx kròy xmkx y im y`xoy kroj llp urnxoixoh, kdh rogk`d

dunll xoh v`xm ulodx`j l jnnhy uulòy$ Gkdp kro nj`dxordkx`ndkl gunrxkdio jnr`dh`z`h kl yuoiòy kdh jnr kllxmo vkxorb`rhy xmop y uunrx$Xmop kro klyn aop un`dxy v`xm`ddoxvnray nj y`xoy xmrn fmn xxmo Okyx Kxlkdxì jlpvkp$Rniap ymnroy klndf xmo _Ayinkyx urnz`ho gunrxkdx roj foyjnr x rdyxndoy kdh u ruloykdhuùory bnxm yuoiòy xmkxmkzo ymnvd yxokhp hoil`doy droiodx pokry$

Okyx zy voyxBkyoh nd VoBY inro in dxy,xmo _Ay xnu xod voxlkdhy

o`fmx nj vmìm kro oyx kròy xnfoxmor y uunrxoh d o}ioyy nj;$6? g ll nd vkhory, h iay,fooyo kdh yvkdy h r`df xmov`dxor nj 2550;5$ Yir x`dp njimkdfoy d kzorkfo uokay kxxmnyo y`xoy urnz`hoy yngoy uunrx jnr roiodx y ffoyx`ndyxmkx d gbory nj vkxorb`rhy dxmo voyx nj xmo _A, kx y`xoy làoxmo R`bblo Oyx krp, GnroikgboBkp, xmo Hoo Oyx krp kdh YnlvkpOyx krp, kro hoil`d`df gnro xmkdy`xoy d xmo okyx, lào Xmo Vkym,Xmkgoy Oyx krp kdh BrophndVkxor$ J rxmor `dzoyx fkx`nd `yro{ `roh xn j llp dhoryxkdh xmorokyndy bom`dh xmoyo imkdfoy`d xrodhy$

Royokrim xn hkxo hogndyxrkxoyxmkx y bxlo dnrxm'okyx ym`jxy dv`dxor`df vkhor h`yxr`b x`ndmkzo dznlzoh dox gnzogodxynj yngo yuoiòy kvkp jrngy`xoy d xmo _A, kirnyy xn xmodokr'Indx`dodx$

H dl`dy d hoil`doVmoroky d gbory njnpyxorikximory kdh adnxy mkzorogk`doh rolkx`zolp yxkblo d xmo_A, yxokhp hoil`doy d yozorklnxmor jkg`l`kr oyx kr`do vkhory,y im ky r`dfoh ulnzory ,h dl`dy , rohymkday kdhi rlovy , kro indx`d `df$Gnro odin rkf`dflp, xmohoirokyoy o}m`b`xoh bp fropulnzory kdh bkr'xk`loh fnhv`xymkzo mklxoh d roiodx pokry$

Nzorkll, xmo vkhor dhìkxnr mkyjkllod bp ;;/ y`dio xy uoka d25555;, kdh klxmn fm xm`yhoirokyo gkp mkzo bood ukrxlphr`zod bp ym`jx`df h`yxr`b x`ndynj yuoiòy v`xm`d dnrxm'voyxO rnuo, jnr yngo, y im kyh dl`dy kdh rohymkday , x ylàolp xn rouroyodx fod `dohoil`doy d brooh`df unu lkx`ndykirnyy xmo`r rkdfo$

@d indxrkyx,kznioxy kdhblkia'xk`loh fnhv`xy mkzo`dirokyoh dnxkblp nd n royx kròy$ V`dxor`df d gborynj kznioxy mkzo dirokyoh d

Yuoiòy.unu lkx nd Xnxkl vkxorb rhy Xod'pokr J`zo'pokrJ`zo pokr gokd xrodh / xrodh /

Xmo Vkym -O) 9=6,528 25 ;:R`bblo Oyx krp -V) 29:,==; ';5 5Dnrxm Dnrjnla Inkyx -O) 259,8=5 89 '6Gnroikgbo Bkp -V) 252,69? '22 ';9Xmkgoy Oyx krp -O) ;=5,:=; ;: 2M gbor Oyx krp -O) ;?5,;02 '; ';?Hoo Oyx krp -V) ;;9,;=2 '6 '28Brophnd Vkxor -O) ;5?,565 60 9;Ynlvkp Oyx krp -V) 0=,:9; '98 '9;Yngoryox Lozoly -V) 06,==5 ;9 ':

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 2?28 XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2

Xmo d gbory nj v`dxor`df vkxorb`rhy kx xmo _A&y xod gnyx gunrxkdxvoxlkdh y`xoy


Vkxorb`rhy klndf xmo_Ay inkyxl`do


indc dix`nd v`xm kd o}ukdy`ndnj xmo _Ay brooh`df unu lkx`nd$Xm`y y urnbkblp h o xn xmoingb`dkx`nd nj il`gkxo imkdfo

kdh xmo gurnzoh gkdkfogodxkdh dirokyo d xmo o}xodx njdkx ro royorzoy krn dh n rinkyxl`do$ Blkia'xk`loh fnhv`xyv`dxor`df d xmo _A nr`f`dkxo jrng@iolkdh, vmoro xmo brooh`dfunu lkx`nd nj xmo rkio `ylkdhìk mky dirokyoh gkyy`zolp d xmo lkyxxvn hoikhoy$ Xmo yuoiòy rogk`dyroh'l`yxoh h o xn xmo ygkll kdhxmrokxodoh _A brooh`dfunu lkx`nd nj xmo rkio l`gnyk $

Yngo h ia yuoi oykro hnvd@d khh`x`nd xn vkhory, xmo _Ayoyx kròy kro klyn zorp gunrxkdxjnr gkdp h iay, fooyo kdhyvkdy, uormkuy dndo gnro ynxmkdu`dxk`ly , vmìm kro i rrodxlpymnv`df k ymkru hoil`do dd gbory v`dxor`df d xmo _A$@x y dnx d y kl jnr hkbbl`dfyuoiòy xn ymnv k m`fm hofroo njzkr`kx`nd d d gbory boxvoodpokry, ky gkdp gnzo d royundyoxn vokxmor indh`x`ndy$ Xmorojnro,`x y xnn okrlp xn kyiorxk`d vmoxmorxm`y hoirokyo, kdh xmkx ymnvdroiodxlp bp v`fondy , y xmobof`dd`df nj lndfor'xorghoil`doy y im ky xmkx o}m`b`xohbp gkllkrhy $

Nj ilokr indyorzkx`nd indiord kroyozorkl nj xmo yokh iay xmkxv`dxor krn dh Br`xk`dy inkyx$Roiodx djnrgkx`nd jrngolyovmoro d xmo`r jlpvkpy u x xmolkrfo hoil`doy d Br`x`ym vkxory njyuoiòy lào lndf'xk`loh h iaykdh zolzox yinxory `dxn indxo}xkdh m`fml`fmx xmo dooh jnr`gurnzoh gnd`xnr`df kdh

dhoryxkdh`df nj xmoyo yuoiòy$Yoo ukfo 2: jnr gnro hoxk`ly$

@d indxrkyx xn oyx kr`do h iay,ymnzolory , xokly kdh fkhvklly hkbbl`df yuoiòy xmkx xpuìkllpurojor jroymvkxor y`xoy mkzo kll

ymnvd lndf'xorg dirokyoy dxmo _A$

Ymnzolory v`dxor d lkrfo d gboryjkr yn xm nj xmo _A, dil h`dfy b'Ykmkrkd Kjrìk$ @x y unyy`bloxmkx dirokyoy d xmo _A kro klynrolkxoh xn k ym`jx dnrxmvkrhy nj xm`yunu lkx`nd, klxmn fm oz`hodio jnrxm`y y yikrio h o xn lkrfo fkuy dvkxorb`rh gnd`xnr`df d Kjrìk$

Xmo dirokyo nj frkzol u`xy kdhroyorzn`ry d xmo _A in dxrpy`honzor xmo lkyx mklj'iodx rp mkyurnbkblp bood fnnh dovy jnr h`z`dfjroymvkxor yuoiòy lào x jxohh iay , frokx iroyxoh froboy ,l`xxlo froboy kdh innxy $ Mnvozor,`x y ilokr jrng VoBY xrodhy xmkxunimkrhy kdh fnlhodopoy kroindx`d `df xn hoil`do kx k yxokhprkxo, ukrxì lkrlp d Dnrxmord @rolkdh$Vm`lyx lkrfo dirokyoy dfnlhodopoy `d xmo Bklxì Yok

urnz`ho k yxrndf dhìkx`nd xmkx xm`yyuoiòy y ymnrx'yxnuu`df d lkrfod gbory, xmo oz`hodio y loyyilokr jnr unimkrhy $ Inllkbnrkx`zo

royokrim kirnyy O rnuo y ro{ `rohyn xmkx vo ikd j llp dhoryxkdh xmoik yoy nj xm`y kdh nxmor hoil`doy$@x y gunrxkdx xmkx fod `dohoil`doy kro dnx nzorlnnaoh bpkyy g`df xmkx ym`jxy d h`yxr`b x`ndo}ulk`d kll xmoyo nbyorzohdkx`ndkl xrodhy$

Ingukroh xn nxmor vkhor yuoiòy,k lkrfo urnunrx`nd nj lkuv`dfy kdhfnlhod ulnzory yo dlkdh y`xoy dxmo v`dxor, jro{ odx`df kfrì lx rkljòlhy kdh r`zor zkllopy$ D gbory njxmoyo yuoiòy ikd ymnv gkraohjl ix kx`ndy boxvood pokry droyundyo xn xmo vokxmor, oz`hodxh r`df roiodx inlh v`dxory vmodd gbory nj bnxm joll ymkrulp d xmo_A, ky xmop lojx xn j`dh g`lhorindh`x`ndy xn xmo yn xm kdh voyx$

Voyx nr okyx inkyxlnikx`ndy kro hodnxoh bp-V) nr -O)$ Xmo xod'pokrxrodhy kro boxvood;0002555 kdh 2550;5,kdh j`zo'pokr xrodhyboxvood 25585? kdh2550;5$

Xmo Yngoryox Lozoly `y kdnd'inkyxkl y`xo, vmìm mkybodoj`xxoh d roiodx pokryjrng o}xody`zo voxlkdhirokx`nd kdh gkdkfogodxjnr b`nh`zory`xp$

Xrodhy `d gkllkrhy, u`dxk`ly kdh v`fond

@dirokyo `d vkxorb`rhykx `dlkdh y`xoy

5

?5

;55

;?5

255

2?5

; 0 6 ? . 6 :

; 0 6 6 . 6 =

; 0 6 0 . = 5

; 0 = ;

. = 2

; 0 = 9 . = 8

; 0 = ? . = :

; 0 = 6 . = =

; 0 = 0 . 0 5

; 0 0 ;

. 0 2

; 0 0 9 . 0 8

; 0 0 ? . 0 :

; 0 0 6 . 0 =

; 0 0 0 . 5 5

2 5 5 ;

. 5 2

2 5 5 9 . 5 8

2 5 5 ? . 5 :

2 5 5 6 . 5 =

2 5 5 0 . ; 5

@ d h o

} - ; 0 6 ?

. 6 :

7 ;

5 5

)

Gkllkrh

U`dxk`l

V`fond

2 5 5 0 . 2 5 ; 5

2 5 5 6 . 2 5 5 =

2 5 5 ? . 2 5 5 :

2 5 5 9 . 2 5 5 8

2 5 5 ; . 2 5 5 2

; 0 0 0 . 2 5 5 5

; 0 0 6 . ; 0 0 =

; 0 0 ? . ; 0 0 :

; 0 0 9 . ; 0 0 8

; 0 0 ; . ; 0 0 2

; 0 = 0 . ; 0 0 5

; 0 = 6 . ; 0 = =

; 0 = ? . ; 0 = :

; 0 = 9 . ; 0 = 8

; 0 = ; . ; 0 = 2

; 0 6 0 . ; 0 = 5

; 0 6 6 . ; 0 6 =

; 0 6 ? . ; 0 6 :

2?5

255

;?5

;55

?5

5

@ d

h o }

- ; 0 6 ? . : 7

; 5 5 )

Gkllkrh

U`dxk`l

V fond


15/22

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 262: XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2


D gbory nj yozorkl yuoiòy njyokh iay v`dxor`df d xmo _Amkzo bood d hoil`do jnr yngox`go$ _dx`l roiodxlp x vky lkrfolpkyy goh xmoyo b`rhy,urohng`dkdxlp Krixì broohoryjrng xmo dnrxm kdh dnrxm'okyx,voro v`dxor`df olyovmoro1ymnrx'yxnuu`df d kroky ilnyorxn xmo`r brooh`df frn dhy$

Mnvozor, dov oz`hodio jrngxmo Bklxì Yok, xmo gnyx`gunrxkdx v`dxor`df krok d

O rnuo jnr gkdp yokh iay,y ffoyxy nxmorv`yo$ In dxydhorxkaod xmoro d 255650

y ffoyx klkrg`df hnvdvkrhxrodhy jnr yozorkl yuoiòy,ukrxì lkrlp lndf'xk`loh h iaykdh zolzox yinxory $ Y`diouroz`n y y rzopy nj xmo BklxìYok d ;00209, xmoyo yuoiòymkzo kuukrodxlp hoil`doh bp:5/ kdh :?/, royuoix`zolp$Xm`y uoriodxkfo o{ kxoy xn kyxkffor`df ;$= g`ll`nd dh`z`h kl

lndf'xk`loh h iay $ Ky k roy lx,bnxm mkzo bood khhoh xn xmo@_ID Flnbkl Roh L`yx lndf'xk`loh h iay ky Z ldorkblo kdhzolzox yinxory ky Odhkdforoh$

Xmolndf'xk`loh h ia kdhzolzox yinxor kro xvn nj c yxj`zo flnbkllp roh'l`yxoh yuoiòyxn nii r rof lkrlp d xmo _A$Lkrfo hoil`doy nj 82?;/voro klyn jn dh jnr o`hory ,inggnd yinxory kdhroh'brokyxoh gorfkdyory $

_A yokh ia hoil doy@d xmo _A, xrodhy jnr gnyxyokh iay kro jk`rlp y`g`lkr -yooxrodhy xkblo nd ukfo 29), xmn fmvo hn dnx mkzo rnb yx xrodhy jnryngo, dil h`df lndf'xk`lohh iay kdh zolzox yinxory $Hkxk jrng xmo Gnrkp J`rxm, xmoaop _A y`xo jnr bnxm, y ffoyx xmohoil`do d xmo _A in lh bo ozodgnro yozoro xmkd xmkx hoxoixoh`d xmo Bklxì Yok$ Xmo d gbor nj

zolzox yinxory mky ul ggoxohjrng yozorkl xmn ykdh b`rhy xnjovor xmkd ;55 d xmo ukyx xmroov`dxory kdh xmop mkzo klgnyxh`ykuuokroh jrng Yx KdhrovyBkp d J`jo, k jnrgor yxrndfmnlh$Lndf'xk`loh h iay mkzohoil`doh hrkgkxìkllp jrng kuoka nj gnro xmkd ;5,555 xnjovor xmkd ;,555$ K y byxkdx`kl_A hoil`do mky klyn nii rroh jnrroh'brokyxoh gorfkdyory `d xmoukyx hoikho, vmìm ilnyolpgkximoy xmo Bklxì Yok xrodh$

Jnr yngo yuoiòy, xmo xrodhy dxmo _A kdh Bklxì Yok kro loyyilnyolp rolkxoh, ky xmo b`rhyindiordoh bolndf ukrx`kllp nrvmnllp xn h`jjorodx unu lkx`ndy$Bnxmo`hor unu lkx`ndy nii rr`df`d xmo _A kro lkrfolp yohodxkr p,yn xrodhy d xmo Bklxì Yok kdh_A kro ndlp lnnyolp rolkxoh-yngo Bklxì o`hory z`y`x _Avkxory h r`df xmo v`dxor)$Xm`y y klyn urnbkblp xr o xn

yngo o}xodx jnr inggnd yinxory ,b x ky n r adnvlohfo nj xmo`rgnzogodxy kdh unu lkx`ndhol`dokx`nd y unnr, x y h`jjì lx xn boiorxk`d mnv g im xmoyo xrodhy krorolkxoh$ Vo klyn mkzo k unnr

dhoryxkdh`df nj xrodhy jnringgnd yinxory , ky gnyxnzorv`dxor voll njjymnro kdh

kro ndlp in dxoh niiky`ndkllp$Yngo yuoiòy f`zo y loyyik yo jnr indyorzkx`nd indiord$Xmofnlhodopo , vmìm y ukrx`kllpgkr`do d v`dxor, mky hoil`doh bp89/ d xmo _A, b x oz`hodioy ffoyxy xm`y y k roy lx njymnrx'yxnuu`df$ D gbory d xmoBklxì mkzo dirokyoh bp 82/$

Rokyndy jnr hoil doy dilokrXmo ik yoy nj yokh ia hoil`doykro dilokr, klxmn fm k d gbor nj

rokyndy mkzo bood y ffoyxoh3il`gkxo imkdfo, n`l unll x`nd,bp'ikxim d f`ll doxy, nzor'mkrzoyx`df-yngo yokh iay kro lofkl { krrpolyovmoro d O rnuo), imkdfoy dlozoly nj o xrnumìkx`nd, urohkx`ndkdh zkr`n y dh yxr`kl hozolnugodxy$Mnvozor, xmoro `y dy jjìòdxadnvlohfo kbn x mnv xmoyo gukix

yokh ia d gbory gnro royokrim ydoohoh bojnro vo dhoryxkdhvmkx y hr`z`df hoil`doy$

Yik uy bolnv jnrgor lozolyYik uy d gbory moro mkzo`dirokyoh bp ;9/ d xmo ukyxhoikho, kdh bp =9/ y`dio ;0=9=8,xmn fm xm`y yuoiòy rogk`dy bolnvjnrgor lozoly nj kb dhkdio kjxor kirkym d xmo okrlp ;065y$ Y`dio xmookrlp ;005y, xmo d gbor nj yik uymky hoil`doh d xmo Bklxì Yok$

Xm`y rojloixy xmo h`jjorodx nr`f`dynj xmoyo b`rhy xn xmnyo i rrodxlpv`dxor`df d xmo _A$ Xmnyo d xmoBklxì, kdh okyxord kroky nj xmo _A,vmoro d gbory irkymoh d xmo;065y -gk`dlp xmo Jnrxm Oyx krp),kro lkrfolp jrng dnrxmord Yikdh`dkz`kkdh R yy`k1 dnvkhkpy, xmnyo d xmo_A kro gk`dlp jrng xmo @iolkdhì

unu lkx`nd$ Xm`y m`fml`fmxy xmodooh jnr indx`d oh ingg`xgodx xnxmo @dxordkx`ndkl Vkxorb`rh Iody y,yn xmkx jlpvkp yiklo yxkx ykyyoyygodxy ikd bo yoh xn u xdkx`ndkl vkxorb`rh gnd`xnr`df dxnindxo}x$ @x m`fml`fmxy xmo doohjnr indiorxoh ojjnrxy xn boxxorgnd`xnr yokh iay$ I rrodxlp,royn rioy kro dnx kzk`lkblo xnrouokx xmo Bklxì Yok y rzopy1v`xm`d xmo _A, ojjnrx y ukximpkdh lkrfolp dinnrh`dkxoh$

Ojjoix`zo gnd`xnr`df n j xmo_Ay dxordkx`ndkllp gunrxkdxv`dxor`df vkxorb`rh unu lkx`ndynvoy g im xn xmo ojjnrxy nj

hohìkxoh znl dxoory vmn,ky ukrx nj VoBY kdh FYGU,dhorxkao gndxmlp in dxy nj

b`rhy y`df voxlkdhy kirnyy xmoin dxrp$ Nzor 2,255 y`xoy kroz`y`xoh, rkdf`df jrng gkcnroyx kròy xn ygkll undhy$Xmo lkrfoyx y`xoy kro in dxohbp xokgy nj b`rhvkximory kdhinzorkfo kx xmo in dxp lozol yin'nrh`dkxoh bp k doxvnra njLnikl Nrfkd`yory -xmogyolzoy

znl dxoory)$ Xmo hkxk odkblokdklpy`y nj unu lkx`nd xrodhy kdhikd klyn molu urnxoix gunrxkdxy`xoy jrng hozolnugodx$

Hkxk kro rof lkrlp yoh dodz`rndgodxkl gukixkyyoyygodxy, kdh mkzo urnzohxn bo gunrxkdx jnr u blì`d{ `ròy nzor urnunyohhozolnugodxy, y im ky H`bhodBkp nd Yn xmkguxnd Vkxor$

Xmo hkxk klyn mkzo k rkdfo njyoy jnr gnro hoxk`loh royokrim

kdh v`xm`d odz`rndgodxklulkdd`df$ Roiodx o}kguloy

`dil ho xmo o}kg`dkx`nd nj`gukixy nj il`gkxo imkdfo kdhvkxor { kl`xp nd vkhory xnhoxorg`do ik yoy nj vkxorb`rh

hoil`doy kx xmo _A&y urnxoixohkroky, kdh k d gbor nj yx hòyxmkx mkzo dzoyx`fkxoh kix kl nrurohìxoh ojjoixy nj mkb`xkx lnyynd oyx kr`do vkxorb`rhy$

@djnrgkx`nd nd xmo h`yxr`b x`ndnj jnrkf`df b`rhy nd xmo gkcnroyx kròy y ukrxì lkrlp gunrxkdx`d odz`rndgodxkl gukixkyyoyygodxy, kdh xm`y y hor`zohjrng xmo VoBY Lnv X`ho In dxyimogo, d`x`kxoh ;00209$

H k dd p F r o od

- r y u b ' g k f o y $ i ng )

Roh'brokyxohgorfkdyory mkzoymnvd hoil doy`d roiodx v`dxory$

Znl dxoor indxr`b x`ndy xnvkxorb`rh gnd`xnr`df

Xmo imkdf`df yxkx ynj yokh iay


16/22

B@RHY @D XMO _A&YNZORYOKY XORR@XNR@OY

Xmo _ANXy mnlh 99 FlnbkllpXmrokxodoh b`rhy, nj vmìm jn r kroIr`xìkllp Odhkdforoh, okim dkgohkjxor xmo xorr`xnrp vmoro xmop krojn dh xmo Yx Molodk ulnzor,Gndxyorrkx nr nlo, Xr yxkd klbkxrnyykdh Fn fm b dx`df kdh nxmory,y im ky xmo dnrxmord rniamnuuoruodf `d , jnr vmìm vo mkzo ndlpyl`fmxlp loyy indiord$ Vo klyn rounrxnd gnd`xnr`df d Kdf `llk, kdnxmoro}kgulo xmkx ymnvy xmo gunrxkdionj znl dxoory d b`rh gnd`xnr`df$

Yx Molodk ulnzory@x mky bood k g`}oh pokr jnr xmoIr`xìkllp Odhkdforoh Yx Molodkulnzor , klyn adnvd ky xmo v`rob`rh$Xmo kdd kl iody y, ikrròh n x bpxmo Yx Molodk Dkx`ndkl Xr yx,o}ioohoh xmo 855 gkra jnr xmo j`ryxx`go y`dio xmo lkxo ;0=5y, v`xm 858kh lxy in dxoh$ Roiodx iody yin dxy mkzo jl ix kxoh, b x xmopy ffoyx xmkx xmo yuoiòy y yxkblo kxuroyodx$ Vmoxmor nr dnx xn b `lh kdk`runrx nd Yx Molodk mky bood k mnxxnuì nj indzorykx`nd nd xmo ylkdhjnr xmo ukyx :5 pokry, b x xm`y pokrxmo hobkxo y nzor$ Xmo k`runrx yfn`df kmokh kdh indyxr ix`nd vnramky yxkrxoh$ Vnrrp`dflp, xmo k`runrxv`ll bo b `lx nd k aop brooh`df y`xo jnrYx Molodk ulnzory $ Mnvozor, nzorxmo ukyx xmroo pokry, vnra mky bood

dhorvkp xn gurnzo xmo mkb`xkxindh`x`ndy d nxmor ukrxy nj xmo`ylkdh, ky k vkp xn g`x`fkxo xmo`gukix nj xmo k`runrx$ Vnra j`d`ymoh`d 25;;, b x vo v ll mkzo xn vk`x kdhyoo mnv xmo b`rhy yo xmoyo`gurnzoh kroky bojnro vo adnvmnv y iioyyj l xmo urncoix mkybood$ Klxmn fm xmo unu lkx`nd

kuuokry yxkblo, xm`y yuoiòy rogk`dyrkro, ynlkxoh kdh z ldorkblo$Vo adnv xmkx lnv doyx y rz`zkl yk ukrxì lkr urnblog kdh, y`df doyxikgorky, yozorkl doyx urohkxnrymkzo bood hodx`jòh ky xmo aopxmrokxy$ K cn`dx urncoix dznlz`df xmoRYUB, _A Fnzordgodx, Yx MolodkDkx`ndkl Xr yx kdh lnikl ukrxdory yvnra`df xnvkrhy roh i`df urohkxnrd gbory kx aop brooh`df kroky jnrxmoYx Molodk ulnzor $ @xy okrlp hkpy,b x xy mnuoh xmkx bp 25;9 xmoro v`ll

bo gnro offy mkxim`df kdh gnroimìay y rz`z`df xn kh lxmnnh$

Gndxyorrkx nr`nloyXmoGndxyorrkx nr`nlo `y kukyyor`do b`rh yuoiòy odhogì xnxmo znlikdì ylkdh nj Gndxyorrkx dxmo okyxord Ikr`bbokd$ Hojnroyxkx`ndnzor xmo ukyx 255 pokry, k roiodxznlikdì or ux`nd kdh k gkcnrm rrìkdo mkzo hoyxrnpoh g im njxmo y `xkblo mkb`xkx jnr xmo yuoiòy$Jnllnv`df xmo d`x`kl znlikdì or ux`nd`d ;006, xmo unu lkx`nd hoil`dohhrkgkxìkllp$ Ydio 2558, kd kdd kl

gnd`xnr`df urnfrkggo mky bood dulkio xn oyx`gkxo unu lkx`nd xrodhy`d xmo Iodxro M`lly$ Mnvozor, xmoro y

diorxk`dxp d unu lkx`nd y`so kdhxrodh oyx`gkxoy, kdh k yoindhunu lkx`nd d k ygkllor jnroyxjrkfgodx y unnrlp adnvd boik yoxmo krok y dnx kiioyy`blo h o xnznlikdì mkskrhy$ Xmo Iodxro M`llyunu lkx`nd jl ix kxoy kdd kllp,kdh xmoro y yngo dhìkx`nd nj khnvdvkrh unu lkx`nd xrodh$ @d Kur`l25;2, xmo vnrlh unu lkx`nd nj

Gndyorrkx nr`nloy vky oyx`gkxohkx 6:? b`rhy$

Xmo gk`d xmrokxy xn Gndxyorrkxnr nlo y rz`zkl kro xmo kix`zo znlikdnkdh xmo ndfn`df urohkx`nd nj doyxykdh imìay bp dxrnh ioh rkxy kdhdkx`zo uokrlp'opoh xmrkymory , b xdn urkixìkl ynl x`nd o}`yxy xnkhhroyy xmoyo yy oy kx k y jjìòdxlplkrfo yiklo$ Xmo znlikdn y yx`llkix`zo kdh uor`nhìkllp ik yoy m`fmgnrxkl`xp d kh lx Gndyorrkx nr`nloyvmod lkrfo kgn dxy nj kym jkll nzorxmo Iodxro M`lly$

Pokr

2

;$=

;$:

;$8

;$2

;

5$=

5$:

5$8

5$2

5

2558 255? 255: 2556 255= 2550 25;5 25;; 25;2

G o k d d g

b o r n

j n r ` n

l o y u o r u n

` d x

Rkv inudx

Gnholloh inudx

Indj hodio l g xy

Xorrxnroy

Oyx`gkxoh unu lkx`nd xrodh nj Gndxyorrkx nr`nloy d xmo Iodxro M`lly, Gndxyorrkx

Nzoryoky@d xm`y pokryY_AB vo urnz`ho uhkxoy nd yngo nj xmo yuoi oy `d xmo_Ay Nzoryoky Xorr xnr oy -_ANXy) vm im kro xmrokxodoh v`xm flnbklo}x`dix`nd, kdh xmkx vo mkzo kd `dxordkx`ndkl royundy`b l xp xn urnxoix$

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 202= XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2

@d Ckd krp 25;5, kd dxordkx`ndkliody y nj @iolkdhì vmnnuoryvkdy kdh dnrxmvoyx O rnuokdBovìay yvkdy vky

dhorxkaod$ @dxordkx`ndkl

iody yoy mkzo bood dhorxkaodozorp j`zo pokry y`dio xmog`h';0=5y kdh hogndyxrkxo ky yxk`doh frnvxm nj vmnnuoryvkdy , vm`lo Bovìay yvkdyd gbory mkzo frkh kllp hoil`dohy`dio k uoka d ;00?$

Xmo lkxoyx iody y urnh ioh kdnzorkll jlpvkp unu lkx`ndoyx`gkxo jnr vmnnuor yvkdynj 20,292$ Xm`y y kd dirokyo nj;;/ y`dio xmo uroz`n y iody y`d 255? kdh xmo m`fmoyxroinrhoh xn hkxo$ Xmop vorouroyodx kx ;02 y`xoy d Br`xk`d,vmìm molh 8;/ nj xmo nzorkllunu lkx`nd, v`xm k j rxmor 2?

y`xoy -;:/) d Dnrxmord @rolkdh$Xmo lkrfoyx indiodxrkx`ndy vorokx xmo N yo Vkymoy -?,:92),Gkrx`d Goro -2,5?2) kdh Ln fmyDokfm kdh Bof -;,=59),inlloix`zolp kiin dx`df jnr 92/nj xmo unu lkx`nd$ Xmoyo y`xoy,ul y kd khh`x`ndkl xmroo d Br`xk`dkdh xvn d Dnrxmord @rolkdh, molhd gbory nj dxordkx`ndkl`gunrxkdio -2;5 nr gnro) h r`dfxmo 25;5 iody y$

D gbory nj vmnnuor yvkdy`dirokyoh d kll in dxròy o}iouxYinxlkdh, vmoro xmoro voro9:/ jovor xmkd d 255?$ @x ylàolp xmkx xmo inlh kdh ydnvp

vokxmor d xmo _A ur`nr xn xmoiody y kjjoixoh vmnnuor yvkdh`yxr`b x`nd, jnri`df gkdp b`rhyxn gnzo yn xm$ Xm`y d x rd gkpkiin dx jnr xmo indy`horkblo`dirokyo nbyorzoh d Odflkdh,vmoro d gbory voro 85/m`fmor xmkd d 255?$ Mnvozor,iody y roy lxy mkzo ymnvdk frkh kl hoirokyo d xmournunrx`nd nj vmnnuor yvkdyv`dxor`df d Dnrxmord @rolkdhkdh Yinxlkdh y`dio ;00;, vm`lo

Odflkdh mky yood k y byxkdx`kl`dirokyo nzor x`go, y ffoyx`dfxmo vmnlo unu lkx`nd y ym`jx`df`xy rkdfo yn xm, rofkrhloyy njvokxmor indh`x`ndy$

K y`g`lkr xrodh mky bood ymnvdbp @iolkdhì u`da'jnnxoh fooyov`xm kd diroky`df urnunrx`nd njxmo unu lkx`nd roinrhoh dDnrjnla, xmo gnyx yn xmorlprof`nd nj xmo`r v`dxor`df rkdfo,vmoro xmop jnrkfo nd xmorogk`dy nj mkrzoyxoh y fkrboox$ Xm`y yn xmorlp gnzo y dindxrkyx xn gnyx g`frkxnrpvkxorb`rhy, vmìm xodh xn boym`jx`df xn xmo dnrxm h o gk`dlpxn g`lhor v`dxory$

@d xmo _A, d gbory nj Bov iayyvkdy joll bp 29/ boxvood;005 kdh ;00? -vmod xnxkly nj

0,2?= kdh 6,;2= voro roinrhoh,royuoix`zolp)$ Y`dio xmod,d gbory mkzo rogk`doh yxkblo,kdh `d 25;5 k xnxkl nj 6,555 vororoinrhoh, nj vmìm c yx ndoyvkd vky yood d Dnrxmord@rolkdh$ Klxmn fm 9; y`xoy molhBov iay yvkdy, xmo zkyxgkcnr`xp nj b`rhy -=6/) voroyood kx c yx xvn3 xmo N yo

Vkymoy -?,;5: b`rhy) kdh dokrbpDodo Vkymoy -0:2)$ Xmoyo xvny`xoy, ul y xmo Yozord Oyx krpkdh Mnrd`df Gkrymoy, okimy uunrxoh dxordkx`ndkllp

`gunrxkdx d gbory -255 nrgnro) h r`df xmo iody y$

Roy lxy jrng olyovmoro d xmorkdfo kro yx`ll bo`df zor`jòh, b xxmo urnz`y`ndkl xnxkl nj Bov iayyvkdy `y ;0,906, ;;/ lnvor xmkd`d 255? kdh xmo lnvoyx in dxy`dio xmo g`h';0=5y$ Royokrimmky pox xn hoxorg`do xmo jkixnryik y`df xmo hoil`do, b x unyy`blorokyndy dil ho vokxmor kdhmkb`xkx imkdfoy kjjoix`df xmoyvkdy y rz`zkl kdh brooh`dfy iioyy, llofkl m dx`df, kdhh`yulkiogodx jrng jooh`dfkroky kdh doyx'y`xoy bpvmnnuor yvkdy -Dnrxmvoyx

O rnuokd unu lkx`nd)$

K Bov iay yvkd Kix`nd Ulkdhrkjxoh jnr xmo Kjrìkd'O rky`kdG`frkxnrp Vkxorb`rh Kfroogodx,kdh khnuxoh kx xmo Gkp 25;2Goox`df nj Ukrxòy, v`ll mnuoj llpyx`g lkxo j rxmor royokrim$


Yvkdy kirnyy O rnuo

Y x o z o A d o l l - r y u b ' ` g

k f o y $ i n g )

Bov i a y yv kd


17/22

Dnrxmordrniamnuuoruodf `dy

XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2 9;95 XMOYXKXONJ XMO _AY B@RHY25;2

Xmrokxodoh klbkxrnyyoy`d xmo _ANXyKlbkxrnyyoy kro ndo nj xmo gnyxxmrokxodoh frn uy nj b`rhy d xmovnrlh, v`xm ;6 nj xmo 22 yuoiòynd xmo @_ID Flnbkl Roh L`yx$Bp'ikxim d lndfl`do kdh xrkvlj`ymoròy mky bood hodx`jòh kyxmo ur`gkrp xmrokx xn gkdpyuoiòy$ M`fmoyx hody`xòy nii ryn xm nj 2? d xmo Yn xmordMog`yumoro, ky voll ky xmovoyx inkyx nj Yn xm Kgorìk-M gbnlhx I rrodx), xmo yn xmvoyx inkyx nj Kjrìk -Bodf olkI rrodx) kdh xmo Dnrxm Uki`jì$

@d xm`y rofkrh, xmo _A mky kukrxì lkr royundy`b`l`xp jnr xyYn xm Kxlkdxì NzoryokyXorr xnròy nj Yn xm Fonrf`k,xmo Jklalkdh @ylkdhy kdh Xryxkdhk I dmk$ Inlloix`zolp, xmoyobrooh`df yxkx`ndy kiin dxjnr nzor 95/ nj xmo vnrlhyklbkxrnyy unu lkx`ndy,ingur`y`df yozod nj xmo22 yuoiòy, xvn nj vmìmkro odhogì xn Xr`yxkd xmoKxlkdxì pollnv'dnyoh kdhXr yxkd klbkxrnyyoy $

Xmo lnyy nj _A klbkxrnyyoy jrngbp'ikxim d j`ymoròy y hr`zodurohng`dkdxlp bp j`ymoròyn xy`ho _A xorr`xnr`kl vkxory3bp'ikxim d xmo xorr`xnr`kl vkxorynj Yn xm Fonrf`k kdh xmoJklalkdhy mky klrokhp boody`fd`jìkdxlp roh ioh$ N xy`hoxmo brooh`df yokynd, xmo b`rhyh`yuoryo v`holp, xn Yn xm Kjrìkkdh Yn xm Kgorìk d ukrxì lkr$

B rhL joy Klbkxrnyy Xkya Jnrio-KXJ), j dhoh bp xmo RYUB, mkyy`fd`jìkdx odfkfogodx v`xm xmoj`ymoròy d Yn xm Kgorìk kdhYn xm Kjrìk xn roh io xmoklbkxrnyy gnrxkl`xp xmoro$

Dnrxmord rniamnuuoruodf `dy kx Xr`yxkdhk I dmk

Xmodnrxmord rniamnuuoruodf `d `y flnbkllp odhkdforoh,v`xm nzor =5/ nj xy unu lkx`ndnii rr`df nd xmo _A NzoryokyXorr xnrp n j Xr yxkd hk I dmkkdh Fn fm @ylkdh d xmo iodxrklYn xm Kxlkdxì, kdh rogk`d`dfunu lkx`ndy nd xmo JrodimYn xmord Xorr`xnroy njKgyxorhkg kdh Yx Uk l dxmo @dh`kd Niokd$ Unu lkx`ndhoil`doy d o}ioyy nj 05/mkzo bood roinrhoh kx Xr`yxkdkdh Fn fm @ylkdh, kdh y`g`lkrlkrfo'yiklo hoil`doy mkzo klynnii rroh jnr xmo ilnyolprolkxoh yn xmord rniamnuuoruodf `d $ Ur`nr xn xmoyo hoil`doy,g`ll`ndy -xmo o}kix d gbor`y dnx adnvd) nj uk`ry njdnrxmord rniamnuuory vororoinrhoh nd Xr`yxkd kdh Fn fm@ylkdh$ Vm`lo hoil`doy nd Xr`yxkdkro gnyx làolp k roy lx njm`yxnrìkl o}uln`xkx`nd, xmnyo ndFn fm @ylkdh kro do}ulk`dohkdh mkzo nii rroh y`dio xmo;0?5y vmod uodf `dy voro dnlndfor y bcoix xn kdp y`fd`jìkdxo}uln`xkx`nd$ Mpunxmoyoy jnr xmoik yo, nr ik yoy, nj xmo rku`hhoil`doy dil ho imkdfoy d

gkr`do urnh ix`z`xp, jnnhroyn rioy, h`yokyo kdhurohkx`nd$

K j rxmor kdh do}uoixohxmrokx xn Xr yxkdydnrxmordrniamnuuory vky hrkgkxìkllprozokloh d Kur`l 25;;, vmod xmob la'ikrròr xmo GY Nl`zk rkdkfrn dh$ Xmo y byo{ odx yu`llnj n`l kdh b daor n`l roy lxoh dxmo lnyy nj yozorkl xmn ykdhuodf `dy kdh k gkyy`zoroyundyo jrng xmo Xryxkdingg d`xp$ Xmop voro dznlzoh`d ilokd`df kdh roloky`dfm dhrohy nj uodf `dy, ky vollky inrrkll`df uodf `dy v`xm`dxmo`r brooh`df inlndòy xnurozodx jroymlp'gn lxoh b`rhyjrng fn`df xn yok kdh boing`dfn`loh$ Xmoyo rku`h kix`ndy voroy iioyyj l d l`g`x`df gnrxkl`xòyjrng xmo n`l yu`ll kdh in dxy njbrooh`df d gbory, bojnro kdhkjxor xmo GY Nl zk yu`ll, mkzoymnvd dn gkcnr gukix nd xmounu lkx`nd xn hkxo$ Unu lkx`nd

gnd`xnr`df y ndfn`df kdh ybo`df indh ixoh bp xmo Xr`yxkdhk I dmk Indyorzkx`ndHoukrxgodx d inllkbnrkx`ndv`xm xmo RYUB$

J rxmor royokrim mky dnv bof dxn dzoyx`fkxo xmo hòx kdhjnrkf`df oinlnfp nj dnrxmordrniamnuuory xn dzoyx`fkxo xmoaop kx'yok kroky kdh urop xmkxxmo b`rhy kro x`l`y`df, kdh xnmnuoj llp dinzor xmo jkixnryroyundy`blo jnr xmo lkrfo'yiklohoil`do nj xm`y yuoiòy$

B@RHY @D XMO _A&YNZORYOKY XORR@XNR@OY

Yuoiòy Brooh`df lnikx`nd Flnbkl Roh L`yx yxkx y

Blkia'brnvoh klbkxrnyy Jklalkdhy, Yn xm Fonrf k OdhkdforohYnnx p klbkxrnyy Xr`yxkd hk I dmk OdhkdforohK xl kd x i po ll nv' dn yo h k lb kx rn yy Xr y xk d h k I d mk O dh kd fo ro hXr`yxkd klbkxrnyy Xr`yxkd hk I dmk Ir`xìkllp OdhkdforohL f mx 'g kd xl oh k lb kx rn yy Y n xm F on rf k D ok r X mr ok xo do hF rop'm okh oh kl bkx rn yy Yn x m F onr f k Z ld or kb loVkdhor`df klbkxrnyy Yn xm Fonrf`k Z ldorkblo

Yuoiòy, brooh`df lnikx`nd kdh yxkx y nj klbkxrnyyoy `d _Ay Nzoryoky Xorr`xnròy

Blkia'brnvoh klbkxrnyyoy

B`rh gnd`xnr`dfnd Kdf `llkLnikxoh kx xmo xnu nj xmo dnrxmordIkr`bbokd ylkdh imk`d, Kdf `llk, v`xm

`xy lnv'lp`df, v`dhyvoux, b xvoxlkdh'rìm xnunfrkump, y ndo njxmo j`ryx yxnuy nj gkdp g`frkxnrpb`rhy jlp`df yn xm d xmo v`dxor, kdhndo nj xmo lkyx jnr xmnyo jlp`df dnrxmh r`df xmo yur`df$ @d kd ojjnrx xnboxxor dhoryxkdh xmo zkl o nj xmoyovoxlkdhy, xmo`r b`nh`zory`xp, kdh xmo`ryuoiòy rìmdoyy, xmo Kdf `llkDkx`ndkl Xr yx -KDX) lk dimoh kgndxmlp b`rh gnd`xnr`df urnfrkggo`d Nixnbor 255?$ Y`dio xmod, kdh

v`xm xmo molu nj k jov hohìkxohznl dxoory, xmo KDX mky boodroinrh`df xmo xnxkl d gbor kdhyuoiòy nj b`rhy nbyorzoh kx okim nj

Kdf `llky 2? gk`dlkdh undhy ozorpgndxm1 k hogndyxrkx`nd nj xmo`gunrxkdio nj znl dxoor ukrxìùkx`nd`d b`rh gnd`xnr`df flnbkllp$

@d 25;;, ?5 yuoi oy nj b rh vororoinrhoh nd Kdf `llk, v`xm xmofrokxoyx d gbory roinrhoh d Gkrimkdh K f yx -2,6?5 kdh 2,:;= b`rhy,royuoix`zolp)$ Kd kzorkfo nj ;,=5?b`rhy voro nbyorzoh nd xmo `ylkdhyundhy$ Y`dio xmo bof`dd`df nj xmognd`xnr`df urnfrkggo, xmoro

mkzo bood k d gbor nj `dxoroyx`dfy`fmx`dfy, dil h`df xmo blkia'bollòhvm`yxl`df h ia , gkrbloh kdhM hynd`kd fnhv`xy ,kdhkj`ryx roinrh jnr Kdf `llk nj xmolndf'xk`loh h ia $

Xmo in dxy mkzo klyn y uunrxoh xmo`hodx`jìkx`nd nj xmroo gk`dlkdh@gunrxkdx B`rh Kroky -@BKy) LndfYklx Undh, Inzo Undh, kdh FropUndh, kll inkyxkl undhy xmkx y uunrxk rkdfo nj vkxorb`rhy kdh, dukrxì lkr, gunrxkdx brooh`dfinlndòy nj lokyx xordy -uoka`df kx92: uk ry `d C do 25;;)$ Nzor xmopokry, xm`y gnd`xnr`df urnfrkggomky rozokloh xmkx Kdf `llky gk`dlkdhyklx undhy kix ky k y`dflo inddoixoh

d`x v`xm vkxorb`rhy jro{ odxlpgnz`df boxvood xmog$ Xm`yy ffoyxy xmkx gkdp gnro njxmo undhy ymn lh { kl`jp ky @BKy$

@BK yxkx y y i rrodxlp bo`dfrozòvoh ky ukrx nj xmo KDXy urncoixBu lh`df k jnudhkx`nd jnr Kdfu llky voxlkdh juxuro $ Roy lxy nj xmo lkyxj`zo pokry nj xmo gnd`xnr`dfurnfrkggo voro rolokyoh d k Yxkxo nj Kdfu llky Voxlkdh B rhy rounrx kxxmo odh nj C lp 25;2$

B l k i a ' b r nv o h k l b k x r n y y b p F r k m k g

oG

k h f o - r y u b ' g k f o y $ i ng ) ,r n i a m n u u or u od f ` d y b pR ` i m k r h

I x m b or x k d h

fr o odm or nd

b pH

oz nd I k r x or

F r ood mor nd


18/22

B@RHXRKIA

@x y yngoxm`df nj k gpyxorp mnv gkdp b rhvkximory xmoro kro dxmo _A$ Oyx`gkxoy rkdfo jrng kbn x 2?,555 indxr b xnry xn lniklb rh rounrxy, xn gnro xmkd ndo g ll nd RYUB gogbory, houodh`dfnd xmo hoj d`x`nd nj b rhvkximor xmkx y yoh$ Ndo xm`df vo hnadnv `y xmkx _A b rhvkximory gkao lnxy nj zkl kblo nbyorzkx`ndy$

Xmo d gbor nj `dh`z`h kly y bg`xx`dfroinrhy xn lnikl b`rh rounrxy, nru blì`y`df xmo`r y`fmx`dfy z`k xmo`dxordox, o}ogul`jòy xmo hoy`ro njgkdp b`rhvkximory xn bnxm ymkroxmoyo roinrhy kdh gk}`g`yo xmo`rzkl o xn indyorzkx`nd yiòdio$

B`rhXrkia y k jroo ndl`do b`rhroinrh`df ypyxog, nrfkd`yoh bpxmo BXN nd bomklj nj xmo BXN, xmoRYUB, B rhVkxim @rolkdh,xmo Yinxx`ym Nrd`xmnlnf`yxy Il b kdhxmo Volym Nrd`xmnlnfìkl Yniòxp$@x y hoy`fdoh xn ikux rob`rhvkximory hkp'xn'hkp roinrhy kdhgkao xmog kzk`lkblo xn k v`ho rkdfonj indyorzkx`nd d`x`kx`zoy$

Xmo ur`gkrp yiòdx`jì fnkl njB rhXrkiay urohoioyynr, G frkx`ndVkxim -255258), vky xn fkxmor`djnrgkx`nd nd k l`g`xoh d gbor njyur`df g`frkdxy jrng Gkrim xn C do,v`xm k zòv xn hodx`jp`df kdpklxorkx`ndy ik yoh bp il`gkxì imkdfonr nxmor odz`rndgodxkl jkixnry$

B`rhXrkia, lk dimoh d K f yx 2558,ikyxy xmo dox g im v`hor, inlloix`dfroinrhy nj kll b`rh yuoiòy, 9:? hkpyk pokr$ Xmo gk`d yiòdx`jì k`gy njB`rhXrkia kro xn gnd`xnr bnxm krr`zklkdh houkrx ro hkxoy nj g`frkxnrpyuoiòy, jki`l`xkxo h`yxr`b x`ndgkuu`df, xrkia gnzogodxy kdhurnz`ho hkxk nd yikrio yuoiòy xmkxkro dnx voll inzoroh bp yxr ix rohy rzopy y im ky xmo Brooh`df B`rhY rzop$ Xmo ypyxog `y j llp dxofrkxoh

v`xm lnikl b`rh roinrh`df1 xmo hkxk krokzk`lkblo xn in dxp b`rh roinrhory kdhlnikl b`rh il by z`k k yor'nuorkxohndl`do gnh lo, kdh indx`d `dfhozolnugodxy kro j rxmor odmkdi`dfxm`y jki`l`xp$

Jnr xmo dh`z`h kl b`rhvkximor,B rhXrkia njjory zkr n y xnnly jnro}ulnr`df kdh kdklpy`df uoryndklroinrhy$ Xm`y mky urnzoh zorpunu lkr boik yo x ojjoix`zolpurnz`hoy b`rhvkximory v`xm kdndl do dnxobnna, vm lyx kx xmo ykgox`go, ody r`df xmkx xmo roinrhy xmopodxor kro kzk`lkblo xn xmo rolozkdxnrfkd`ykx`ndy v`xmn x kdp o}xrk vnrand xmo nbyorzory ukrx$

B rhXrkiaMnv B`rhXrkia hkxk kro yohUormkuy xmo gnyx nbz`n y yo njB`rhXrkia hkxk d indyorzkx`ndyiòdio xn hkxo mky bood xmo m foznl go nj roinrhy indxr`b xoh xnB rh Kxlky 2556;;$ Xm`y urncoix,gkuu`df xmo brooh`df kdh v`dxoryokynd h`yxr`b x`nd nj b`rhy kirnyyBr`xk`d kdh @rolkdh, mky rolòh mokz`lpnd rnz`df roinrhy di`hodxklroinrhy inlloixoh bp b`rhvkximoryfn`df kbn x xmo`r dnrgklb`rhvkxim`df$ Gnro xmkd8$? g`ll`nd B`rhXrkia roinrhy mkzobood gkho kzk`lkblo jnr xmo Kxlky,kdh ndfn`df lnikl kxlkyoy indx`d o xnbodoj`x jrng B`rhXrkia$

Ndo nj xmo gk`d k`gy nj B`rhXrkia`y xn urnz`ho y v`xm k b oxxor

dhoryxkdh`df nj krr`zkl kdhhoukrx ro hkxoy nj g`frkxnrpyuoiòy kdklpyoy nj xmo B`rhXrkiakdh G`frkx`nd Vkxim hkxkyoxy kro

dhorvkp xn xm`y odh$ Royokrim xningukro B`rhXrkia hkxk v`xm k

hkxkyox inlloixoh bp xmo @dlkdhNbyorzkx`nd Un`dxy y rzop d xmo;0:5y y klrokhp bof`dd`df xn rozokly`fd`jìkdx imkdfoy xn xmo krr`zklx`goy nj gkdp y ggor g`frkdxy$@x klyn njjory k jkyi`dkx`df dy`fmx `dxnxmo ingukrkx`zo imkdfoy nii rr`dfxn xmo krr`zkl x`go nj yuoiòy vmnyounu lkx`ndy kro yxkblo nr diroky`df,kdh xmnyo vmnyo unu lkx`ndy kro dhoil`do$ Vo v`ll ymkro xmo j`dh`dfynj xmoyo kdklpyoy d k j x ro yy onj Y_AB $

In dxy nj dh`z`h kl b`rhy gkho kdhy bg`xxoh xn B`rhXrkia kro urnz`dfzkl kblo d kyy`yx`df xmo gnd`xnr`dfnj rkro kdh yikrio yuoiòy$

Jnr o}kgulo, xmo roiodx oyx`gkxo njxmo d gbor nj b`xxordy yuodh`dfxmo v`dxor d xmo _A rolòh mokz`lpnd b`rhvkxim`df roinrhy y bg`xxohz`k B rhXrkia, B rhF `hoy-k b`rhvkximory voby`xo) kdh xmoin dxp b`rh roinrh`df doxvnra$

B`rhXrkia mky bood n do nj xmo aopyn rioy nj hkxk jnr xmo B`rhIndyorzkx`nd Xkrfox`df Urncoix-BIXU) xnn$ Xmo BIXU moluy xkrfoxgkdkfogodx kdh royn rioy xnvkrhy`gunrxkdx y`xoy jnr yikrio kdh

hoil`d`df jkrglkdh kdh vnnhlkdhb`rhy, f `h`df o}uodh`x ro ndkfr 'odz`rndgodx kdh vnnhlkdhfrkdx yimogoy, kdh djl odi`dfvnnhlkdh gkdkfogodx$

B`rhXrkia ikd m`fml`fmx ozodxy y imky unu lkx`nd irkymoy, gnzogodxykdh djl }oy { ìalp dlào xmo

nxmor gnd`xnr`df yimogoy jokx roh`d Y_AB , vmìm mkzo dkzn`hkblolkfy d rounrx`df h o xn xmo doohjnr hkxk inllkx`nd kdh kdklpy`y$Jnr o}kgulo, xmo B`rhXrkia rounrx`dfrkxo xmo urnunrx`nd nj inguloxol`yxy jokx r`df k f`zod yuoiòy jnrb`rhy lào vnnhinia mky ymnvdymkru uokay h r`df xmo mkrh vokxmor

nj roiodx v`dxory, rojloix`df xmo`dirokyoh z`y`b`l`xp nj y im b`rhyh r`df uor`nhy nj ydnv inzor$Lkxo k x gd 25;; ykv kd d y kllplkrfo krr`zkl xn xmo _A nj ymnrx'okrohnvly , kd ozodx xmkx vky ll g`dkxohbp xmo B`rhXrkia rounrx`df rkxo, kdhokrlp 25;2 ykv k dnxkblo djl } nj@iolkdh f lly , o}ogul`jòh bp kd`dirokyo d Ckd krp roinrhy xnhn blo xmkx nj uroz`n y pokry$

@x y xmo kb`l`xp xn uroyodx ukxxordylào xmoyo xmkx gkao B`rhXrkia y imkd o}i`x`df urncoix jnr b `rhvkximory,ky x khhy k dov h`gody`nd xn xmo`rb`rhvkxim`df bp u xx`df xmo`r roinrhy`dxn k dkx`ndkl indxo}x$

B rhXrkia y kdo}ioux`ndkl yorz iojnr gp b rh roinrhaoou`df, kdh jnrindxr b x`df xnxmo Kxlky kdhnxmor royokrim$


Vooa

/ n

j i n g u

l o x o l ` y x y

j o k

x r ` d f y m n r x ' o k r o h n v

l

Vooa

Kzorkfo 2556';525;;25;2

; 2 9 8 ? : 6 = 0 ;5 ;; ;2 ;9 ;8 ;? ;: ;6 ;=;0 252; 22 29 28 2? 2: 26 2= 20 95 9; 92 99 98 9? 9: 96 9=90 858; 8289 88 8?8: 868= 80?5 ?; ?2

State of the UK's Birds 2012 - jct publication from BTO, JNCC, SNH, CCW, RSPB etc

Documents

Transcript of State of the UK's Birds 2012 - jct publication from BTO, JNCC, SNH, CCW, RSPB etc