State of the art Greenhouse gas and Trace gas measurements

at Lutjewad, Groningen

Measuring CO2, CH4, CO, N2O, SF6 and 222Radon to determine their atmospheric concentrations and source/sink functions

PhD research outline by Sander van der Laan

Center for Isotope Research, Groningen

16 December 2005

Lutjewad, Groningen

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Research goals

To quantify the fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O using eddy covariance, radon and gradient measurements

To monitor atmospheric concentrations of CO2, CH4, CO, N2O, SF6

Measurement site

Highly interesting/complex measuring site

North:

0.5 km reclamation area with salt tolerant grasses10 km mostly tidal flat area (distance to schiermonnikoog)

South:

Cropland/grassland

Measurement site

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Measurement site

North/North-West (Wadden Sea)

North

Mostly tidal flats

North-West

More open water

Measurement site

South/South-east

Mostly (cropland/grassland)

Important parameters:

Land use, harvest, cattle, fertilization, crop density

Planned measurements at Lutjewad

• Atmospheric concentration measurements of CO2, CH4, CO, N2O, SF6 (GC) at 3 different heights (gradient)

• 222Radon concentrations (radon detector)

• 222Radon flux measurements (radon flux chambers)

• CO2 flux measurements (eddy covariance)

• CO2, CH4 and N2O flux measurements (radon/gradient)

• O2 concentration measurements (oxzilla)

In short:

Available Equipment/data

Modified Agilent 6890N gas chromatograph

Concentrations of CO2, CH4, CO, N2O, SF6

At 7 m, 40 m and 60 m

Available Equipment/data

Available Equipment/data

Eddy covariance (CO2 flux measurements)

Licor 7500 CO2/H2O analyzer

Gill 3D-sonic T15 wind meter

-150.00

0.00

150.00

0.00 6.00 12.00 18.00 24.00

Heat Flux, H

20-Flux [W/m

2 ]

-25.00

0.00

25.00

CO

2-Flux [umol/m

2 /s]

Heat Flux H2O-Flux CO2-Flux

Average fluxes during 3 weeks of measurements, all wind directions

CO2 uptake (growth period)

Preliminary measurements

y = -0.0253x - 0.7774

-30.00

0.00

30.00

0.00 500.00 1000.00

Incident Visible Radiation [W/m 2]

CO

2-Flux [umol/m

2/sec]

1/2 Hr average CO2 fluxes during 3 weeks of measurements, Land

Inversion layer effect

Preliminary measurements

y = -0.0183x + 0.8602

-30.00

0.00

30.00

0.00 500.00 1000.00

Incident Visible Radiation [W/m 2]

CO

2-Flux [umol/m

2/sec]

1/2 Hr average CO2 fluxes during 3 weeks of measurements, Sea

Preliminary measurements

Available Equipment/data

222Radon activity detectorRadon concentrations

222Radon- and CO2 flux chambersRadon flux measurements

Available Equipment/data

mB

q/m

3

N W

S O N

Available Equipment/data

14C isotope measurements (14C/CO ratio)

Meteo data(wind direction, rain, temperature, solar radiation)

Agricultural data, sea-water level, soil research

Questions/ suggestions for research

Available Equipment/data

mB

q/m

3

N W

S O N