State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch...
-
Upload
howard-stevenson -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
0
Transcript of State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch...
![Page 1: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
GEORGIA GOVERNMENTS
![Page 2: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States
(Federal) Government.Executive BranchLegislative BranchJudicial Branch
![Page 3: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Graphic Organizer
State of Georgia
![Page 4: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
State of Georgia Government
Same format as the Federal-National Government
How many branches of government does Georgia have????
![Page 5: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Executive Branch of Georgia The GOVERNOR is the head of the
executive branch. elected by the citizens of Georgia
four year terms
The Governor can choose people to help run the state (Cabinet)
The Governor has the power to VETO, or say no, to any idea for a law
![Page 6: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Elected Officials of Georgia Governor – Nathan Deal Lieutenant Governor - Casey Cagle Attorney General – Sam Olens Commissioner of Agriculture - Tommy Irvin Commissioner of Labor - Michael Thurmond Commissioner of Insurance - John W. Oxendine Public Service Commission
Bobby Baker, Chuck Eaton, Doug Everett, Angela Speir and Stan Wise
Secretary of State – Brian Kemp State School Superintendent – Brad Bryant
![Page 8: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Graphic Organizer
State of Georgia
Executive Branch
![Page 9: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Legislative Branch of Georgia The job of the legislative branch of
state government is to make the laws
This branch has two parts: The Senate (56 Members)
The House of Representatives (180 Members)
○ Together these two groups are called the General Assembly
○ Each serve 2 year terms
![Page 11: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Graphic Organizer
State of Georgia
Executive Branch Legislative Branch
![Page 12: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Judicial Branch of Georgia
Magistrate Courtcounty courts that issue warrants, hear minor criminal offenses and civil
claims involving amounts of $15,000 or less
Magistrate court is the court of first resort for many civil disputes including: county ordinance violations, landlord/tenant cases, and bad checks
In criminal matters magistrates hold preliminary hearings; issue search warrants to law enforcement and also warrants for the arrest of a particular person
No jury trials are held in magistrate court; civil cases are often argued by the parties themselves, rather than by attorneys.
![Page 14: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Probate Court• wills and administration of decedents' estates is
designated to the probate court of each county.
• Probate judges are also authorized to order involuntary hospitalization of an incapacitated adult or other individual and to appoint a legal guardian to handle the affairs of certain specified individuals
• Probate courts issue marriage licenses and licenses to carry firearms
![Page 16: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Juvenile Court
handle all cases involving children under 18 years of age; delinquent and unruly offenses committed by children under 17 years of age; and traffic violations committed by juveniles
![Page 17: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Judicial Branch of Georgia (from lowest to highest)
State Courtexercise limited jurisdiction within one county. These
judges hear misdemeanors including traffic violations, issue search and arrest warrants, hold preliminary hearings in criminal cases and try civil matters not reserved exclusively for the superior courts. A state court is established by local legislation introduced in the General Assembly.
![Page 18: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Municipal Court
Cities and towns in Georgia establish municipal courts to handle traffic offenses, local ordinance violations, conduct preliminary hearings, issue warrants, and in some instances hear misdemeanor shoplifting and possession of marijuana cases
Municipal court judges are often appointed by the mayor, some are elected. There are more than 350 municipal courts operating in Georgia.
Woodstock Municipal CourtHolly Springs Court
![Page 19: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Superior Court
Superior court judges preside over all felony trials. The forty-nine superior court circuits in Georgia are made up of one or more counties; each circuit has a chief superior court judge and a number of other judges as authorized by the General Assembly. Superior court judges are constitutional officers who are elected to four-year terms in circuit-wide nonpartisan elections. A candidate for superior court judge must be at least 30 years of age, a lawyer who has practiced for seven years, and a resident of the state for three years.
Blue Ridge Circuit
![Page 20: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Court of Appeals Georgia Court of Appeals
Court of first review for many civil and criminal cases heard by the trial courts
The purpose of such a review is to correct legal errors or errors of law made at the trial level, not to alter jury verdicts or the outcome of bench trials
The Court of Appeals has twelve judges who are assigned to one of four panels made up of three judges each. Once a case is assigned to a panel, the judges review the trial transcript, relevant portions of the record, and briefs submitted by the attorneys for the parties
![Page 21: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Supreme Court of Georgia
The state's highest court, reviews decisions made in civil and criminal cases by a trial court judge or by the Court of Appeals. This court also rules on questions involving the constitutionality of state statutes and all criminal cases involving a sentence of death.
No trials are held at the appellate level, nor do the parties appear before the court. If attorneys present oral arguments, these are heard by the entire court.
Each case accepted for review by the Supreme Court is assigned to one of the seven justices for preparation of a preliminary opinion (decision) for circulation to all other justices.
![Page 22: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Ga Supreme Court The justices review trial transcripts, case records and the
accompanying legal briefs prepared by attorneys An opinion is adopted or rejected by the Court after
thorough discussion by all the justices in conference
The Chief Justice and the Presiding Justice serve as officers of the court for two-year terms. The Chief Justice presides at official sessions of the Supreme Court and conferences of the justices
The Supreme Court is assigned oversight of the legal profession and the judiciary as well as other designated duties
Georgia Supreme Court
![Page 23: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Graphic Organizer
State of Georgia
Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch
![Page 24: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Georgia Juvenile Justice Did you know that on any given day,
over 2,500 children are locked up in Georgia? Most of these young people are jailed for nonviolent crimes such as shoplifting, breaking windows, truancy (failure to attend school), or running away from home. They fall under the jurisdiction of Georgia’s juvenile justice system.
![Page 25: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Georgia Juvenile Justice Juveniles are citizens under the age of seventeen. As
citizens, juveniles must follow the same local, state, and federal laws that all other citizens follow.
But juveniles have special status under the law, and they must also follow some laws that do not apply to adults. For example:Must attend school until at least age sixteen. They cannot run away from home.They cannot possess alcoholic beverages or tobacco until ages
twenty-one and eighteen respectively. Juveniles may not hang around public places or wander the streets
breaking local curfews, which are usually 12 midnight to 5 a.m. Juveniles cannot enter bars where alcoholic beverages are sold
unless accompanied by a parent or guardian. Juveniles are required to obey all of the reasonable and lawful
instructions or commands of their parents or guardian.
![Page 26: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Georgia Juvenile Justice In 1906, the Georgia General Assembly passed a
law establishing a special court for juveniles. Today, every county in Georgia has one.
The juvenile courts have three main purposes: (1) to help and protect the well-being of children, (2) to make sure that any child coming under the jurisdiction of the court receives the care, guidance, and control needed, and (3) to provide care for children who have been removed from their homes.
![Page 27: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Two terms are important to understand juvenile laws and courts. A delinquent act is an act that would be considered a crime if committed by an adult. A status offense refers to an act that would not be considered a crime if committed by an adult.
![Page 28: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Georgia Juvenile Justice Steps in the Juvenile Justice Process When a juvenile is taken into custody, the first step is
intake. At this time, the juvenile is turned over to a juvenile court intake officer, who investigates the case. The intake officer must decide if there is enough evidence (probable cause) to support the charges made against the juvenile. If there is not enough evidence, the intake officer must
release the juvenile. If there is enough evidence to think the juvenile may be
guilty of the charges, the intake officer may (1) release the juvenile into the custody of his or her parents or legal guardian or (2) detain the juvenile.
![Page 29: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Georgia Juvenile Justice In Georgia’s juvenile system, most juveniles are
not detained but are released into the custody of parents or guardians.
Intake officers often detain juveniles who might be a risk to run away, who might have nowhere else to go if parents or guardians are unable or unwilling to take them, who might be a risk to harm themselves or others, or who have been in trouble with the law before.
![Page 30: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
If a juvenile is detained, parents or a guardian must by law be notified.
Juveniles who are detained are housed in one of the state’s Regional Youth Detention Centers, often known as RYDCs. In certain special circumstances, juveniles charged with serious crimes can be placed in adult jails and tried by adult courts rather than juvenile courts.
The second step is detention. If the juvenile is detained, a probable cause hearing before the juvenile judge must be held within seventy-two hours. At that point, the judge has three options: (1) dismiss the case, (2) have an informal adjustment, or (3) have a formal hearing.
![Page 31: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Georgia Juvenile Justice Generally, an informal adjustment is held for first
offenders. The juvenile and his or her parents or guardian must agree to the informal adjustment, and the young person must admit the wrongdoing. The juvenile is under the supervision of the court for at least ninety days. While under the court’s supervision, the juvenile might be required to attend school regularly or participate in counseling programs. The juvenile may also be required to pay for any damages caused or to complete community service requirements.
![Page 32: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Georgia Juvenile Justice If an informal adjustment is not held, the third step
in the juvenile justice process is a formal hearing
First, the complaining witness files a petition outlining the wrongdoing. Once the petition is signed, a date is set for the formal hearing and a summons issued. The summons requires the juvenile, the parents or guardian, and those involved in the charges to attend the hearing.
![Page 33: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
The first part of a formal hearing is the adjudicatory hearing, which is somewhat like a trial.
The juvenile judge hears the case against the juvenile and the juvenile’s defense. There is no jury.
After listening to all the evidence, the judge decides whether or not the child is guilty of committing a delinquent act. If found not guilty, the juvenile is released.
![Page 34: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
If found guilty, the court schedules a second hearing. The second part of the formal hearing is called the dispositional hearing. In this part, the judge determines the punishment for the offense. At this hearing, both the prosecutor and the defense can call witnesses and present evidence that might influence the judge’s sentence. The fourth step
![Page 35: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Georgia Juvenile Justice The fourth step in the juvenile justice process is
the sentencing. As a final step in the process, a juvenile has the right to appeal his or her case. The court has the right to extend its custody or supervision of the juvenile for up to five years.
![Page 36: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Georgia Juvenile Justice Juveniles handled under the juvenile justice system have the
same basic legal rights that other citizens have. They have the right to have their cases decided quickly, just
as adults have the right to a speedy trial. Juvenile cases, however, are decided by a judge, not a jury. They must be notified of the charges against them;
protected against self-incrimination; the right to an attorney; the right to confront and to question witnesses against them the right to present a defense, to introduce evidence, and to testify
on his or her own behalf. Most importantly, the juvenile has the right to have a parent or a
guardian present in all hearings. If a child’s parents or guardian cannot afford a lawyer, the court
must appoint an attorney to represent the child.
![Page 37: State of Georgia Government Same format as the United States (Federal) Government. Executive Branch Legislative Branch Judicial Branch.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649d935503460f94a7a7ec/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Georgia’s Juvenile Seven Deadly Sins Law
Georgia’s “Seven deadly sins” law was passed in 1995. It mandates, for a first offense, a non-parolable sentence of at least ten years for kidnapping, armed robbery, and 4 types of sexual crimes.
Minimum sentence for first offense of murder is life, with no parole eligibility for 25 years.
Second offense of any of the “seven deadly sins” gets life without possibility of parole.