State: ANDHRA PRADESH Agriculture Contingency Plan for...

State: ANDHRA PRADESH

Agriculture Contingency Plan for District: GUNTUR

1.0 District Agriculture profile

District agriculture profile

1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone

Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) Eastern Coastal plain, hot sub-humid to semi arid eco region (7.3, 7.2)

Agro-Climatic Region (Planning Commission) East Coast plain and hill region (XI)

Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) Krishna – Godavari Zone, (AP-1)

List all the districts or part thereof falling underthe NARP Zone

Guntur, Krishna, Prakasam

Geographic coordinates of district Latitude Latitude Altitude

15018'0" -16°50'0" N 15°18'0" -16°50'0" E 32m MSL

Name and address of the concerned ZRS/ZARS/ RARS/ RRS/ RRTTS

Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam , Guntur-522 034

Mention the KVK located in the district NG Ranga Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Vinayashram, Kavuru, Cherukupalli (Mandal), Guntur District 522 034

1.2 Rainfall NormalRF(mm)

Normal Rainydays (no)

Normal Onset( specify week and month)

Normal Cessation(specify week and month)

SW monsoon (June-Sep): 545 36 1st week of June 2nd week of October

NE Monsoon(Oct-Dec): 251 10 3rd week of October 4th week of December

Winter (Jan- Feb) 14 1 - -

Summer (Mrch-May) 71 2 - -

Annual 881 51 - -

1.3 Land usepattern of thedistrict (lateststatistics)

GeographicalArea

Forestarea

Land under non-agricultural use

Permanentpastures

Cultivablewasteland

Land underMisc. treecrops andgroves

Barren anduncultivableland

Currentfallows

Otherfallows

2

Area (‘000 ha) 1139.1 161.9 156.8 18.9 31.0 32.3 34.4 41.5 38.4

Guntur district experience moderate floods. Moderate drought and mild cyclones in coastal areas

General contingency plans

1. 4 Major Soils (common names like shallow red soils etc.,) Area (‘000 ha) Percent (%) of total

1. Black Cotton Soils 491 72

2. Red Soils 116 17

3. Coastal Sandy Soils 61 9

4. Alluvial Soils 14 2

Others (specify):

1.5 Agricultural land use Area (‘000 ha) Cropping intensity %

Net sown area 597.0 134.6

Area sown more than once 206.6

Gross cropped area 803.6

1.6 Irrigation Area (‘000 ha)

Net irrigated area 373.6

Gross irrigated area 427.2

Rainfed area 223.4

Sources of Irrigation Number Area (‘000 ha) Percentage of total irrigated area

Canals 305.7 79.2

3

Tanks 4.1 1.1

Open wells

Bore wells 62.2 16.1

Lift irrigation

Micro-irrigation

Other sources 14.1 3.7

Total Irrigated Area 386.2 100.0

Pump sets

No. of Tractors

Groundwater availability and use* (Data source:State/Central Ground water Department /Board)

No. of blocks/ Tehsils (%) area

Over exploited 1 5 villages in Bollapalli mandal out of 57 mandals as per thelatest survey

Critical - -

Semi- critical - -

Safe 56 -

Wastewater availability and use Satisfactory -

Ground water quality Satisfactory

*over-exploited: ground water utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100%; semi-critical: 70-90%; safe:

4

Area under major field crops & horticulture etc. (2009-10)

1.7 Major Field Crops cultivated Area (‘000 ha)

Kharif Rabi Summer Total

Irrigated Rainfed Irrigated Rainfed

1 Paddy 191 _ 122 _ _ 313

2 Cotton _ 152 _ _ _ 152

3 Maize _ 1 74 75

4 Blackgram _ _ _ 64 _ 64

5 Redgram _ 31 _ _ _ 19

Horticulture crops - Fruits Total area(‘000 ha)

1 Banana 5.5

2 Lemon 2.3

3 Orange & Batavian 2.2

4 Papaya 1.1

5 Mango 1.1

Horticultural crops - Vegetables Total area(‘000 ha)

1 Chillies 53.2

5

2 Bhendi 17.2

3 Gourds 16.2

4 Cucumber 15.7

5 Brinjal 14.7

Spices and Plantation crops Total area(‘000 ha)

1 Turmeric 4.2

Medicinal and Aromatic crops

Plantation crops

Fodder crops

Total fodder crop area

Grazing land

Sericulture etc

Others (Specify)

1.8 Livestock Male (‘000) Female (‘000) Total (‘000)

Non descriptive Cattle (local low yielding) 76.6 50.9 127.5

Crossbred cattle 0.6 4.3 4.9

Non descriptive Buffaloes (local low yielding) 160.5 1039.6 1200.1

Graded Buffaloes

Goat 282.7

6

Sheep 722.3

Others (Camel, Pig, Yak etc.) 24.4

Commercial dairy farms (Number)

1.9 Poultry No. of farms Total No. of birds (‘000)

Commercial 4527.5

Backyard 1532.0

1.10 Fisheries (Data source: Chief Planning Officer)

A. Capture

i) Marine (Data Source: FisheriesDepartment)

No. of fishermen Boats Nets Storage facilities (Iceplants etc.)

Mechanized Non-mechanized

Mechanized(Trawl nets,

Gill nets)

Non-mechanized(Shore Seines,

Stake & trap nets)

6680 150 490 / 900 484 / 21909 533 / 267 19 / 0

ii) Inland (Data Source: FisheriesDepartment)

No. Farmer owned ponds No. of Reservoirs No. of village tanks

316 2 65

B. Culture

Water Spread Area (ha) Yield (t/ha) Production (‘000 tons)

i) Brackish water (Data Source: MPEDA/Fisheries Department)

1890 - 5.7

ii) Fresh water (Data Source: FisheriesDepartment)

760 - 0.9

7

Others - 41.7

1.11 ProductionandProductivityof majorcrops(Average oflast 5 years:2004,05,06,07, 08)

Kharif Rabi Summer Total Crop residueas fodder

(‘000 tons)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Major Field crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)1 Paddy 690 3620 418 3420 - - 1188 3520

2 Cotton 515 578 - - - - 515 5783 Blackgram - - 18 659 - - 18 6594 Maize 4 4000 533 7224 - - 537 56125 Redgram 29 917 - - - - 29 917

Fruits (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)1 Banana 166.91 300002 Lemon 35.679 146673 Orange &

Batavian30.21 13300

4 Papaya 91.832 786675 Mango 9.73 8267

vegetables1 Chillies 148.89 27502 Bhendi 24.63 143333 Gourds 22.731 136674 Cucumber 25.1212 160005 Brinjal 26.78 18667

Flower CropsSpices and Plantation crops

1 Turmeric 26.51 6200Other

8

sMajor Horticultural crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)

1.12 Sowing window for 5 majorfield crops

(start and end of normalsowing period)

Paddy Cotton Redgram Blackgram Maize

Kharif- Rainfed - July 1st fortnight –July 2nd fortnight

June 1st fortnight – July2nd fortnight

- -

Kharif-Irrigated June 1st fortnight – July 2ndfortnight

July 1st fortnight –July 2nd fortnight

- - -

Rabi- Rainfed - - September 1st fortnight– October 1st fortnight

October 2nd

fortnight –November 1st

fortnight

-

Rabi-Irrigated December 2nd fortnight –January 1st fortnight

- October 2nd fortnight November 2nd

fortnight –December 1st

frotnight

November 2nd

fortnight –December 1st

fortnight

1.13 What is the major contingency the districtis prone to? (Tick mark and mention yearsif known during the last 10 year period)

Regular Occasional None

Drought √

Flood √

Cyclone √

Hail storm

9

Heat wave

Cold wave

Frost

Sea water intrusion

Pests and diseases (specify)

Rice: Blast

Redgram: Maruca and Helicoverpa

Cotton: Sucking pest complex

Castor: Botrytis

Blackgram : YMV

Others (Fog) √

1.14 Include Digital maps of thedistrict for

Location map of district within State as Annexure I Enclosed: Yes

Mean annual rainfall as Annexure 2 Enclosed: Yes

Soil map as Annexure 3 Enclosed: Yes

10

ANNEXURE-I

LOCATION MAP OF GUNTUR WITH IN ANDHRA PRADESH

11

ANNEXURE-II

MEAN ANNUAL RAINFALL

12

ANNEXURE-III

13

2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies

2.1 Drought

2.1.1 Rainfed situation

Condition Suggested Contingency measures

Early seasondrought (delayedonset)

Major Farmingsituation

Normal Crop/croppingsystem

Change in crop/croppingsystem

Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation

Delay by 2 weeks(3rd week of June)

Black soils(Medium deep) –Rainfed

Cotton No change Normal practices -

Red soils (Mediumdeep)- Rainfed

Cotton

Redgram (Sole crop)

Redgram + Greengram/Bajra(1:5/1:2)







Delay by 4 weeks(July 1st week)

Black soils(Mediumdeep) – Rainfed

Cotton No change Normal practices

Red soils(Mediumdeep) - Rainfed

Cotton -do-

Redgram (Sole crop) Reduce row spacing 180cm to 150 cm

14

Redgram+Greengram/Bajra(1:5/1:2)

Normal practices -







Delay by 6 weeks(July 3rd week)


Cotton No change

Red soils(Mediumdeep)

- Rainfed

Cotton Adopt closer spacing of90X45 cm

Redgram (Sole crop) Reduce row spacingfrom180 cm to 150 cm

Redgram+Greengram/Bajra(1:5/1:2)

Normal spacing

Castor Adopt a closer spacingof 90X45 cm







Delay by 8 weeks(August 1st week)


Cotton No change Adopt closer spacing of90 x 30 cm

15

Red soils (Mediumdeep) - Rainfed

Cotton Adopt closer spacing of75X30 cm.

Top dressing of fertilizerat 20 days interval

Redgram (Sole crop) Reduce row spacing 180cm to 120 cm

Redgram + Greengram / Bajra(1:5/1:2)

Sole crop Redgram

Castor No change Adopt closer spacing of90X30 cm


Early seasondrought (Normalonset)



Crop management Soil nutrient &moisture conservationmeasures

Remarks onImplementation

Normal onsetfollowed by 15-20days dry spell aftersowing leading topoorgermination/cropstand etc.

Black soils –Rainfed

Cotton Gap filling to be done by potwatering 7- 10 days aftersowing when the crop stand ispoor

When the crop is twoweeks old adopt inter-cultivation to conservemoisture

Spray 2 % urea solutionor 1 % water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19,20-20-20, 21-21-21 tosupplement nutrition

-

Red soils - Rainfed Cotton

Redgram (sole crop) Intercultivation to bedone after 2 weeks ofsowing to conserve soilRedgram+Greengram/Bajra

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Castormoisture

Foliar spray of 2% ureato supplement nutrition


Mid seasondrought (long dryspell, consecutive2 weeks rainless(>2.5 mm)period)





At vegetative stage Black soils –Rainfed

Cotton Spray 2 % urea or 1% KNO3solution or 1 % water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21

Frequent intercultivationat 7-10 days interval

Red soils - Rainfed Cotton

Redgram (sole crop)

Redgram+Greengram/Bajra Harvest intercrops as foddersif chances of grain yield arepoor

Suppliment the nutrients tothe main crop through foliarspray

Castor Spray 2 % urea solution or 1% water soluble fertilizers like19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21

Adopt nipping to allow mainspike to develop

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Mid seasondrought (long dryspell)





At reproductivestage

Black soils –Rainfed

Cotton Spray 2 % urea - or 1% KNO3or other water soluble fertilizers1 % to supplement nutrition

Intercultivation tocreate soil mulch toconserve moisture

-

Red soils - Rainfed Cotton Spray urea - 2 % or KNO3 1%or other water soluble fertilizerslike 19-19-19,20-20-20-20,21-21-21- 1 % to supplementnutrition

Intercultivation tocreate soil mulch toconserve moisture.

Supplementalirrigation, if available

Redgram (sole crop) Intercultivation

Redgram+Greengram/Bajra

Castor Nipping of auxiliary buds toallow the main spike to mature

Foliar spray of urea 2 % orKNO3 1% or other watersoluble fertilizers 1 % tosupplement nutrition

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Terminal drought Major Farmingsituation


Crop management Rabi Cropplanning


Black soils -Rainfed Cotton Spray urea - 2 % or KNO3 1% orother water soluble fertilizers 19-19-19,20-20-20-20,21-21-21 - 1%to supplement nutrition

Topping to prevent formation of newvegetative and reproductive flush

Supplemental irrigation if available

- -

Red soils - Rainfed Cotton Spray urea - 2 % or KNO3 1% orother water soluble fertilizers 1% tosupplement nutrition

Topping to prevent formation of newvegetative and reproductive flush

Redgram (sole crop) Spray urea - 2 % or KNO3 1% orother water soluble fertilizers 19-19-19,20-20-20-20,21-21-21

- 1 % to supplement nutrition

Varieties like PRG 158, ASHA withmedium duration are to be promotedif terminal drought is a commonphenomenon

Redgram+Greengram/Bajra

Castor Nipping of auxiliary buds to allowthe main spike to mature

Foliar spray of urea 2 % or KNO31% or other water soluble fertilizers19-19-19,20-20-20-20,21-21-21 -1% to supplement nutrition

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2.1.2 Irrigated situation

Condition Major Farmingsituation

NormalCrop/croppingsystem

Suggested Contingency measures

Change incrop/croppingsystem

Agronomic measures Remarks on Implementation

Delayed releaseof water incanals due tolow rainfall

Black soils –Canal irrigated(KWD)

Green manure – Rice– Blackgram/Maize

Green manure –Rice –Greengram/Blackgram/Maize

Adopt preventive control measures forrice blast

During Rabi season select Blackgramvarieties like LBG 20, LBG 752, LBG708, LBG 709 which are earlymaturing and suitable for delayedsowings

Greengram can be grown in ricefallows under late sown conditions

Rice fallows:

Blackgram - short duration varieties

Seed multiplication of requiredpulse varieties can be planned andproduced during early rabi season inUpland farming situation in thedistrict

Linkage with NFSM






Red Soils/BlackSoils – Canalirrigated (NSPCommand)

Green gram – Rice –Greengram/Maize/Blackgram/Fodder

No change Avoid growing rice varieties like BPT5204 as they are highly susceptible toblast disease under delayed season

Select varieties like NLR 34449, NLR3041, NLR 145, JGL 384 etc. whichare resistant to blast and suitable formid kharif season

If BPT 5204 is grown adopt specialpackage for given for plant protection

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Limited releaseof water incanals due tolow rainfall

Black soils –Canal irrigated(KWD)

Green manure – Rice– Blackgram/Maize

Green manure –Rice – Blackgram/Greengram/Jowar/Bajra

Aerobic rice

Rice –

1. Adopt alternate wetting and dryingupto primordial initiation stage tosave water

2. Irrigate upto a depth of 3 – 5 cmfrom primordial initiation tomaturity

3. Take up effective weed controlmeasures either mechanically orthrough herbicides as the problemof weeds is more under alternatewetting and drying method ofirrigation

Rice - Farmers should be careful inweed management as weeds are themajor threat to crop under alternatewetting and drying method ofirrigation. They should be properlyeducated and trained in use ofsuitable chemical and mechanicalcontrol measures

Rice fallows

1. Crops like maize which requiremore water should be avoided

2. Crops like Greengram, Blackgram,Jowar, Bajra etc. which require lesswater than Maize may be grown

3. Short duration varieties of cropsshould be selected.

Rice fallows –

1. Availability of seed of shortduration varieties should beensured through linkage withNFSM

2. Micro irrigation systems –Sprinkler and Drip under differentgovernment schemes may beextended.

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4. Water saving micro irrigationsystems like Sprinkler irrigation forGrengram and Blackgram may befollowed

5. In crops like Bajra and Jowar, waterconservation practices like intercultivation, earthing up, alternaterow irrigation may be practiced

6. Water loss in open field channelsduring conveyance can be reducedby using PVC/metallic pipes.

Black soils/Redsoils – Canalirrigated (NSPCommand)

Greengram – Rice –Blackgram/Greengram/Maize/Fodder

1. Green manure –Rice –Greengram/Blackgram/Jowar/

2. Bajra/Fodder

For rice and rice fallow crops theagronomic measures as suggested forthe above farming situation shall befollowed

3. Redgram +Greengram/Bajra/ Jowar

Proper drainage facilities should becreated to take up cropping systems assuggested

4. Cotton(Whereverdrainagefacilitiesavailable)

Proper drainage facilities should becreated to take up cropping systems assuggested

22




Change incrop/cropping system


Non release ofwater in canalsunder delayedonset of monsoonin catchment

Black soils – Canalirrigated (KWD)

NA

Black soils/Redsoils – Canalirrigation (NSP)




Change in crop/cropping system Agronomic measures Remarks onImplementation

Lack of inflowsinto tanks due toinsufficient/delayed onset ofmonsoon

NA

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Insufficientgroundwaterrecharge due tolow rainfall

NA

Any othercondition (specify)

2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc.) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations)

Condition - Continuous high rainfall in a short span leading to water logging

Crop Suggested contingency measure

Vegetative stage Flowering stage Crop maturity stage Post harvest

Rice Drain the excess water as early aspossible

Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /ha afterdraining excess water

Take up gap filling either with

available nursery or by splittingthe tillers from the surviving hills

Take up proper weed control

measures

Take up suitable plant protectionmeasures against pest & disease

Drain the excess water as early aspossible


Take up suitable plant protection

Measures for BPH

Rodents: Fumigate the burrowwith luminium phosphide 2pellets of 0.6 g per burrow.Poison bait with bromadiolone

False smut: Spray Carbendzism1.0g or COC 2.5g at weekly

Drain the excess water as earlyas possible

Take up suitable plant protectionmeasures against grain fest anddisceases

Cut worm: SprayChlorpyriphos2.5 ml or DDVP 1.0 ml orEndosulfan 2.0 ml

Rodents :Fumigate the burrowwith aluminium phosphide 2pellets of 0.6 g per burrow.Poison bait with bromadiolone

Drain out water andspread sheaves looselyin the field or fieldbunds where there isno water stagnation

Stack the sheaves

Spray common salt5% on panicles toprevent germinationand spoilage of strawfrom moulds

Thresh after drying thesheaves properly

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outbreaks

Leaf folder: [email protected] orAcephate 1.5g orCartaphydrochloride 2.0g / l orapply 8.0kg Cartaphydrochloridegranuals per acre.

Sheath blight: Applyrecommended nitrogen in 3-4splits. Spray Propiconazole 1.0 mlor Hexaconazole 2.0 ml orvalidamycin 2.0 ml /l at 15 daysinterval based on need.

Blast : remove weeds on thebunds Spray Tricyclozole 0.6/mlor Edifenphos 1.0 ml

Bacterial leaf blight: Avoideapplication of excess Nitrogen.

interval

Sheath blight: Applyrecommended nitrogen in 3-4splits. Spray Propiconazole 1.0 mlor Hexaconazole 2.0 ml orvalidamicin 2.0 ml /lt at 15 daysinterval

Blast : remove weeds on thebunds Spray Tricyclozole 0.6mlor Edifenphos 1.0 ml

Bacterial leaf blight: Nitrogenmanagement

Ensure proper grainmoisture before storing

Application of 40 - 60kg/content

25

Take up timely control measuresagainst sucking pests

bollworms.

Redgram Drain the excess water as early aspossible

Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acreafter draining excess water

Take up inter cultivation atoptimum soil moisture status toloosen and aerate the soil and tocontrol weeds

To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19,20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% tosupport nutrition



Take up timely control measuresagainst possible outbreak of podborer complex, maruca ,Helicovera etc.

Drain the excess water as earlyas possible

Allow the crop to dry completelybefore harvesting

Spread the bundlesdrenched in rain onfield bunds or dryingfloors to quicken thedrying

Thresh the bundlesafter they are driedproperly

Dry the grain to propermoisture per centbefore bagging andstoring to preventdeterioration in qualityduring storage

Blackgram Drain the excess water as early aspossible

Apply 4-5 kg N /acre afterdraining excess water


Spray fungicides like Copper oxychloride 0.3 % or Carbendazim0.1 % or Mancozeb 0.25% two tothree times by rotating thechemicals

Take up timely control measuresagainst sucking pets whitefly thattransmits YMV


Apply 4-5 kg N /acre after drainingexcess water


Spray fungicides like Copper oxychloride 0.3 % or Carbendazim 0.1% or Mancozeb 0.25%

Take up timely control measuresagainst the outbreak of pests likeSpodoptera etc.

Drain the excess water as

early as possible


Spread the bundlesdrenched in rain onfield bunds or dryingfloors to quicken thedrying

Thresh the bundlesafter they are driedproperly

Dry the grain to propermoisture per centbefore bagging andstoring to preventdeterioration in qualityduring storage

Maize Drain the excess water as early as Drain the excess water as early as Drain the excess water as Harvest the cobs afterthe they are dried up

26

possible

Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /haafterdraining excess water

Take up inter cultivation and atoptimum soil moisture conditionto loosen and aerate the soil and tocontrol weeds

Earthenup the crop for anchorage

Spray KNO3 1 % or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition

Take up timely control measuresfor Pink stem borer, sheath blightand Turcicum leaf blight

possible


Spray KNO3 1 % or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20,21-21-21 at 1% to support nutrition

Take up timely control measuresfor sheath blight and postflowering stalk rots

early as possible


properly. Dry the grainto optimum moisturecondition beforestoring

Horticulture crops – Fruits

Horticulture crops vegetables

Spices and Plantation crops

Condition - Heavy rainfall with high speed winds in a short span

Rice Measures similar to above given forheavy rainfall situation as above

In addition to the above measureslift the lodged hills and tie themtogether to keep them erect

In addition to the above measures,lift the lodged plants and tiethem together keep erect

In addition t the abovemeasures, for waterlagging take upmeasures to minimizeblowing away ofproduce due to highvelocity winds.

Cotton In addition to the measures forremoving excess water,

Lift the fallen plants if any and firmup the soil around the base of the

Lift the fallen plants if any and firmup the soil around the base of thestem

Bacterial leaf blight: Spray

Similar measures as in waterlagged situation. Additional bypick the net cotton at the earliest

Dry the produce undersun before sending tomarket

27

stem plantomycin 16g per acre

Redgram Lift the lodged plants if any and firmup the soil around the base of thestem

Apply 4-5 kg N /acre after drainingexcess water

Lift the lodged plants if any and firmup the soil around the base of thestem

Takeup timely pest control measuresfor pod borers and wilt

Harvest the pods from uprootedplants as soon as the fieldcondition permits and transport todrying floor

Dry the produce undersun before thrashing andsending to market.

Blackgram Similar measure as in water laggedsituation as above.

Similar measure as in water laggedsituation as above.

Harvest the crop as soon as thefield condition permits

Dry the produce undersun before sending tomarket

Maize Drain out the excess water from thefield as early as possible

Earthing-up for better anchorage

Drain out the excess water from thefield as early as possible

Drain out the excess water fromthe field as early as possible


Harvest the cobs afterthey are dried upproperly. Dry the grain tooptimum moisturecondition before storing

Horticulture


Horticulture crops flowers


Condition - Outbreak of pests and diseases due to unseasonal rains

Rice Stem rot and Sheath blight - needbased plant protection measures to beinitiated based on incidence levels

BPH, Blast, Sheath blight incidencemay increase due to unseasonal rains- need based plant protectionmeasures to be initiated

Climbing cutworm and neck blast -

Cotton Jassids, Wilt and root rot, Bacterialleaf blight - Need based plant

Jassids, Spodoptera, Wilt and rootrot, Bacterial leaf blight, Grey

Dusky cotton bug, Grey mildew -Need based plant protection

Dry the seed cottonproperly after picking

28

protection measures to be initiated mildew - Need based plant protectionmeasures to be initiated

measures to be initiated and store it under shadein aerated place

Redgram Wilt and root rot - Need based plantprotection measures to be initiated

Wilt and root rot. Need based plantprotection measures to be initiated

-

Blackgram Spodoptera - Need based plantprotection measures to be initiated

Spodoptera, Leaf spots, Powderymildew - Need based plant protectionmeasures to be initiated

Spodoptera, Rust - Need basedplant protection measures to beinitiated

Maize - Jassids, Wilt and Stalk rot Post flowering Stalk rots mayaggravate , if unseasonal rainsoccurs

Outbreak of pests and diseases due to unseasonal rains

Banana Need based plant protectionmeasures to be done immediately

Need based plant protectionmeasures to be done immediately

Need based plant protectionmeasures to be doneimmediately

Need based plantprotection measuresto be doneimmediately

Lemon Control pest diseases in anholistic approach with properplant protection chemicals

Adoption of IPM and IDMpractices

Control pest diseases in anholistic approach with properplant protection chemicals



Adoption of IPM andIDM practices

Control pest diseasesin an holisticapproach with properplant protectionchemicals

Adoption ofIPM and IDMpractices

Orange&Batavian

Papaya

Mango


Chillies Control pest diseases in anholistic approach with properplant protection chemicals





Adoption of IPM andIDM practices

Control pest diseasesin an holisticapproach with properplant protectionchemicals

Adoption of

Bhendi

Gourds &Cucumbur

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BrinjalIPM and IDMpractices

Spices & Plantation crops

Turmeric Gap filling to replace rottenseedlings.

Control pest diseases in an holisticapproach with proper plantprotection chemicals


Protect against rhizome fly and rot



Protect against rhizome fly androt

Drain the excess wateras soon as possible.

Dry the rhizomes onelevated concrete floorimmediately after theappearance of sunlight.Mix thoroughly andperiodically for quickand uniform drying ofsurface moisture.

Remove and separatethe rotten and mouldaffected rhizomes.

Cook and dry therhizomes as soon aspossible.

Store the produce inwellventilated place ingunny bags treatedwith safe fungicidesand insecticides beforeit can be marketed.

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2.3 Floods

Condition Transient water logging/ partial inundation and Continuous submergence for more than 2 days

Suggested contingency measure

Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

Rice To drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Apply booster dose of0.2 kg N/40 sq. m

Spray micronutrients likeZn, Fe two to three timesat 4 -5 days interval

Take up proper weedcontrol measures

To drain out the excess water atthe earliest by farming drainagechannels if there is a gradient andif not by using motors

Apply a booster dose of 20 kgN/acre

Spray ZnSO4 0.2 % if it is lessthan 45 days after transplanting

Take up need based plantprotection measures

Timely plant protection measuresfor pest and disease out break

Take up gap filling either withavailable nursery or by splittingthe tillers from the surviving hillsif the gaps are < 30% if more gofor replanting

To drain out the excesswater at the earliest byfarming drainage channels ifthere is a gradient and if notby using motors

Take up need based plantprotection measures

Drain out water .Spread sheaves loosely in fieldor field bunds where there is no waterstagnation by farming drainage channels ifthere is a gradient and if not by using motors

Spray common salt at % on panicles to preventgermination and spoilage of straw from moulds

Thresh after drying the sheaves properly

Ensure proper grain moisture before storing

Cotton To drain out the excesswater at the earliest byfarming drainage channelsif there is a gradient andif not by using motors

Take up the gap filling atthe earliest

To drain out the excess water atthe earliest by farming drainagechannels if there is a gradient andif not by using motorsInter cultivate at optimum field

moisture condition

Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /haafter draining excess water

To drain out the excesswater at the earliest

by farming drainagechannels if there is agradient and if not by usingmotors 5

To spray KNO3 1 % or

Kapas picking should be done carefully toprevent admixtures with waste plant material

31

Inter cultivate at optimumfield moisture condition

Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K/ha after draining excesswater

To spray KNO3 1 % orwater soluble fertilizerslike 19-19-19, 20-20-20,21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition

Take up plant protectionmeasures against possiblepests and diseaseincidence

Select short durationhybrids

Adopt closer spacing of90X45 or 90X30 cm


Spray of micronutrients twotimes at 7-10 days interval

Take up plant protectionmeasures against possible pestsand disease incidence

water soluble fertilizers like19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition

Take up plant protectionmeasures against possiblepests and disease incidence

Redgram To drain out the excesswater at the earliest

Takeup the gap filling atthe earliest


Apply 4-5 kg N/acre afterdraining excess water

To drain out the excess water atthe earliest

Takeup the gap filling at theearliest

Inter cultivate at optimum fieldmoisture condition



To spray KNO3 1 % orwater soluble fertilizers like19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition


To drain out the excess water at the earliest

Harvest the crop when the field conditionpermits

Drying of bundles should be done on elevatedplaces like filed bunds or drying floors

Blackgram To drain out the excesswater at the earliest

Take up the gap filling atthe earliest


Takeup weed control eithermechanically or through



Drain out the excess water at the earliest

Harvest the crop after the fields are dried up

32

Takeup weed controleither mechanically orthrough weedicides



weedicides




To spray KNO3 1 % orwater soluble fertilizers like19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition


Maize To drain out the excesswater at the earliest


Intercultivation andearthing up to be done

Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K/acre after draining excesswater



Takeup weed control eithermechanically or throughweedicides

Intercultivation and earthing upto be done

Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acreafter draining excess water




To drain out the excess water at the earliest

Cob picking to be done after they are driedfully

Horticulture


Banana . Drain the excess water as soonas possible

Spray 1% KNO3 or Urea 2%solution 2-3 times.

Topdressing of booster dose of80 g MOP + 100 g Urea per

Drain the excess water assoon as possible

Spray 1% KNO3 or Urea2% solution 2-3 times.

Stake the plants withbamboos to prevent

Drain the excess water as soon as possible.

Harvest the mature bunches as soon aspossible.

use ripening chambers for quick and uniformripening

33

plant in two to three splits atmonthly intervals.

If the age the plant is more thanthree months and less thanseven months allow one swordsucker for ratoon and take upfertilization at monthlyintervals for four months.

further lodging. Store the harvested bunches in well ventilatedplace temporarily before it can be marketed.

Market the fruits as soon as possible.

Lemon Drain the excesswater as soon aspossible.

Spray 1% KNO3 orUrea 2% solution 2-3times.

Drain the excess water as soonas possible.


Foliar spray of micronutrientmixture is also to be taken up.

Sand casting around the treetrunks should be removed up tothe collar region of the tree toprevent fungal infections.

If the tree age is above eightyears a booster dose of 500 g ofUrea and 750 g MOP per treeshould be applied.




Harvest the mature produce as soon aspossible.

Store the produce in well ventilated placetemporarily before it can be marketed.

Market the produce as soon as possible.

Orange &Batavian



Plant protectionmeasures may be takenfor control of insectvectors and diseases.

Drain the excess water as soonas possible.


Foliar spray of micronutrientmixture is also to be taken up.

Sand casting around the treetrunks should be removed up tothe collar region of the tree toprevent fungal infections.

If the tree age is above eight

Drain the excess water assoon as possible.


Foliar spray ofmicronutrient mixture isalso to be taken up.

Sand casting around thetree trunks should beremoved up to the collarregion of the tree to


Harvest the mature fruits as soon as possible.

Store the fruits in well-ventilated placetemporarily before it can be marketed.


34

years a booster dose of 500 g ofUrea and 750 g MOP per treeshould be applied.

Plant protection measures maybe taken for control of insectvectors and diseases.

prevent fungal infections.

If the tree age is aboveeight years a booster doseof 500 g of Urea and 750g MOP per tree should beapplied.

Plant protection measuresmay be taken for controlof insect vectors anddiseases

Papaya Drain the excess wateras soon as possible


Drain the excess water as soonas possible






Store the produce in well-ventilated placetemporarily before it can be marketed.


Mango Drain the excess wateras soon as possible







Chillies Drain the excess wateras soon as possible


Spray Urea 2% solution 2-3times.

Topdressing of booster dose of15 kg MOP + 30 kg Urea peracre as soon as possible.

Gap filling may be taken up if


Spray Urea 2% solution 2-3 times.

Topdressing of boosterdose of 15 kg MOP + 30kg Urea per acre as soonas possible.


Dry the pods on concrete floor/ tarpaulins.

Spray any drying oil after the pods are freefrom surface moisture for quick drying.

Use poly house solar driers for quick drying

Remove the pest and disease infected pods.

Market the produce as soon as possible

35

the plants are two weeks oldand sowing window is stillavailable for the crop.

Bhendi Drain the excess wateras soon as possible

Spray Urea 2% solution2-3 times.

Topdressing of boosterdose of 12 kg MOP +30 kg Urea per acre assoon as possible.

Gap filling may betaken up if the plants aretwo weeks old andsowing window is stillavailable for the crop.




pots


Spray Urea 2% solutiononce.





Gourds &Cucumbur




Gap filling may be taken up ifthe plants are two weeks oldand sowing window is stillavailable for the crop.

In case of severe damage(considered as completeeconomical loss), and thecontingency period is betweenJune to August, go for resowing







Brinjal Drain the excess water Drain the excess water as soon Drain the excess water as Drain the excess water as soon as possible.

36

as soon as possible as possible



Spray COC 30 g in 10 liters ofwater, 2-3 times against leafspots

soon as possible



Store the produce in well ventilated placetemporarily before it can be marketed.



Turmeric Drain the excess water as soonas possible

Spray Urea 2% or 1% KNO3solution 2-3 times.

Spray Propiconazole 1 ml perlitre of water, 2-3 times againstthe occurrence of leaf spots.

Soil drenching with COC 3g orredomil 2g in 1 lit of water toprevent rhizome rot

Spray ferrous sulphate 20g +citric acid 5g in 10 lit of watertwice at weekly intervals


Spray Urea 2% or 1%KNO3 solution 2-3 times.

Spray Propiconazole 1 mlper litre of water, 2-3times against theoccurrence of leaf spots.

Soil drenching with COC3g or redomil 2g in 1 lit ofwater to prevent rhizomerot

Spray ferrous sulphate20g + citric acid 5g in 10lit of water twice atweekly intervals


Dry the rhizomes on concrete floorimmediately after the appearance of sunlight.Mix thoroughly and periodically for quickand uniform drying of surface moisture.

Use boilers and polishers for processing

Remove and separate the rotten and mouldaffected rhizomes.

Cook and dry the rhizomes as soon aspossible.

Condition -


Rice

37

Cotton To drain out the excess waterat the earliest


Spray micronutrient mixturefor 2 to 3 times at an intervalof 7-10 days

To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at1% to support nutrition

Intercultivate to smotherweeds and to loosen andaerate the soil

Need based plant protectionmeasures to be taken up

To drain out theexcess water at theearliest

Spray micronutrientmixture for 2 to 3times at an interval of7-10 days

To spray KNO3 1 %or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition

Need based plantprotection measuresto be taken up

Drain out the water as earlyas possible

To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1%to support nutrition

Kapas picking should be donecarefully to avoid admixtureswith plant waste

Redgram Takeup gap filling if thegaps are < 30 % and if moretake up resowing

After gap filling take upinter cultivation to smotherthe weeds and to aerate thesoil


After gap filling take up intercultivation to smother theweeds and to aerate the soil


Drain out excesswater form the field

Apply 20 kg N + 10kg K /ha afterdraining excess water


Drain out excess water asearly as possible

Dry the bundles on fieldbunds and drying floors

Blackgram To drain out the excesswater at the earliest

Takeup gap filling if thegaps are < 30 % and if moretake up resowing

Apply 4-5 kg N /ha after

To drain out the excess waterat the earliest

Apply 4-5 kg N /ha afterdraining excess water

To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-


To spray KNO3 @1% or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-


Dry the bundles on fieldbunds and drying floors

Dry the grain to optimummoisture content before

38

draining excess water 19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at1% to support nutrition

Proper weed controlmeasures to be taken up


21 @ 1% to supportnutrition


storage

Maize To drain out the excesswater at the earliest

Re sow the crop if mortalityis > 15 %




Intercultivate to smotherweeds and to loosen andaerate the soil

To spray KNO3 @ 1 % orwater soluble fertilizers like19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @ 1% to support nutrition



Apply 20 kg N + 10kg K /ha afterdraining excess water

To spray KNO3 @1% or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @ 1% to supportnutrition



Pick the cobs and dry themproperly before threshing

Dry the grain to optimummoisture content beforestorage or marketing

Horticulture


Banana . Drain the excess water assoon as possible


Topdressing of booster doseof 80 g MOP + 100 g Ureaper plant in two to three

Drain the excess wateras soon as possible


Stake the plants withbamboos to prevent


Harvest the maturebunches as soon aspossible.

use ripening chambers forquick and uniform

39

splits at monthly intervals.

If the age the plant is morethan three months and lessthan seven months allowone sword sucker for ratoonand take up fertilization atmonthly intervals for fourmonths.

further lodging. ripening

Store the harvestedbunches in wellventilated placetemporarily before it canbe marketed.

Market the fruits as soonas possible.

Lemon Drain the excess water assoon as possible.


Plant protection measuresmay be taken for control ofinsect vectors and diseases.

Soil drenching withBordeaux mixture/COC toavoid fungal infections




Sand casting around the treetrunks should be removedup to the collar region of thetree to prevent fungalinfections.

If the tree age is above eightyears a booster dose of 500g of Urea and 750 g MOPper tree should be applied.




Harvest the matureproduce as soon aspossible.

Store the produce in well-ventilated placetemporarily before it canbe marketed.

Market the produce assoon as possible.

Orange & Batavian Drain the excess water assoon as possible.



Soil drenching with




Sand casting around the tree



Foliar spray ofmicronutrient mixtureis also to be taken up.


Harvest the mature fruitsas soon as possible.

Store the fruits in wellventilated placetemporarily before it canbe marketed.

40

Bordeaux mixture/COC toavoid fungal infections.

trunks should be removedup to the collar region of thetree to prevent fungalinfections.

If the tree age is above eightyears a booster dose of 500g of Urea and 750 g MOPper tree should be applied.


Sand casting aroundthe tree trunks shouldbe removed up to thecollar region of thetree to prevent fungalinfections.

If the tree age is aboveeight years a boosterdose of 500 g of Ureaand 750 g MOP pertree should be applied.

Plant protectionmeasures may betaken for control ofinsect vectors anddiseases.

Market the fruits as soonas possible.

Papaya -Do- -Do- -Do- -Do-

Mango -Do- -Do- -Do- -Do-


Chillies Drain the excess water assoon as possible



Topdressing of booster doseof 15 kg MOP + 30 kg Ureaper acre as soon as possible.

Gap filling may be taken upif the plants are two weeksold and sowing window isstill available for the crop.


Spray Urea 2%solution 2-3 times.

Topdressing of boosterdose of 15 kg MOP +30 kg Urea per acre assoon as possible.


Dry the pods on concretefloor/ tarpaulins.

Spray any drying oil afterthe pods are free fromsurface moisture for quickdrying.

Use poly house solardriers for quick drying

Remove the pest anddisease infected pods.

Market the produce as

41

soon as possible.

Bhendi Drain the excess water assoon as possible








Spray Urea 2%solution once.





Gourds & Cucumbur Drain the excess water assoon as possible




In case of severe damage(considered as completeeconomical loss), and thecontingency period isbetween June to August, gofor resowing


Spray Urea 2%solution once.





Brinjal Drain the excess water assoon as possible


Spray Urea 2% solution 2-3


Spray Urea 2%


Harvest the matureproduce as soon as

42

times.

Topdressing of booster doseof 10 kg MOP+ 30 kg Ureaper acre as soon as possible.

solution once. possible.




Turmeric Drain the excess water assoon as possible

Spray Urea 2% or 1% KNO3solution 2-3 times.


Spray Urea 2% or 1%KNO3 solution 2-3times.


Dry the rhizomes onconcrete floor immediatelyafter the appearance ofsunlight. Mix thoroughlyand periodically for quickand uniform drying ofsurface moisture.

Use boilers and polishersfor processing

Remove and separate therotten and mould affectedrhizomes.

Cook and dry the rhizomesas soon as possible.

Sea water intrusion

43

2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave(√) / Cold wave/Frost/ Hailstorm /Cyclone (√)

Extremeevent type


Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

Heat Wave

Horticulture

Horticulture crops - Fruits

Mango,

Orange &Batavia,Lemon andPapaya

Cover the newly plantedplants with dry leaves

Increase the frequency ofirrigation.

Mulch the plant basins with driedleaves

Increase the frequency of irrigation

Increase the frequencyof irrigation.

Provide irrigation atcritical stages

Harvest the fruits either in the morningor in the evening

Use ripening chambers for gettingquality fruits

Banana

Horticultural crops - Vegetables

Vegetable &Flowers

Provide shade to the newlyplanted /seedlings

Irrespective of stageincrease the frequency ofirrigation.

Use mulches

Add bulky organic manuresat the time of lastploughing

Harvest either in the morning or in theevening

Turmeric,Oilpam &Betelvine

Provide light irrigation

Delay the harvesting

Cold wave

Frost

44

Hailstorm

Cyclone

Rice To drain out the excesswater at the earliest byfarming drainage channelsif there is a gradient andif not by using motors

Apply booster dose of 0.2kg N/40 sq. m

Spray micronutrients likeZn, Fe 2-3 times at 4 -5days interval

4. Takeup proper weedcontrol measures

To drain out the excess water at theearliest by farming drainage channelsif there is a gradient and if not byusing motors

Apply booster dose of 20 kg N/Acre

Spray ZnSO4 0.2 % if it is less than45 days after transplanting

Takeup need based plant protectionmeasures

To drain out the excesswater at the earliest byfarming drainagechannels if there is agradient and if not byusing motors

Takeup need basedplant protectionmeasures

Lodged plants to belifted and tied togetherto make them standerect

Drain out water spread sheaves looselyin field or field bunds where there is nowater stagnation

Spray common salt at 5% to preventgermination of seed and spoilage ofstraw from moulds

Thresh after drying the sheavesproperly

Ensure proper grain moisture beforestoring

Cotton To drain out the excesswater at the earliest byfarming drainage channelsif there is a gradient andif not by using motors


Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K/acre after draining excesswater



Earhting up to be done to provideanchorage to plants

Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acre afterdraining excess water

To spray KNO3@1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @ 1% to supportnutrition

Spray of micronutrients two times at7-10 days interval


To spray KNO3 @1 %or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @ 1% to supportnutrition

Earhting up to be doneto provide anchorageto plants

Spray ofmicronutrients twotimes at 7-10 days

Kapas picking should be done carefullyto prevent admixtures with waste plantmaterial

45

Take up plant protection measuresagainst possible pests and diseaseincidence

interval

Take up plantprotection measuresagainst possible pestsand disease incidence

Redgram To drain out the excesswater at the earliest byfarming drainage channelsif there is a gradient andif not by using motors





Apply 4-5 kg N/acre after drainingexcess water


To spray KNO3@ 1 %or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @ 1% to supportnutrition


To drain out the excess water at theearliest by farming drainage channels ifthere is a gradient and if not by usingmotors

Harvest the crop when the fieldcondition permits

Drying of bundles should be done onelevated places like filed bunds ordrying floors

Blackgram To drain out the excesswater at the earliest byfarming drainage channelsif there is a gradient andif not by using motors




Takeup weed control eithermechanically or through weedicides

Apply 4-5 kg N/acre after drainingexcess water

To spray KNO3 @1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @ 1% to support


Apply 4-5 kg N/acreafter draining excesswater

To spray KNO3 @1 %or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-

Drain out the excess water at theearliest by farming drainage channels ifthere is a gradient and if not by usingmotors

Harvest the crop after the fields aredried up

46

nutrition


19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @ 1% to supportnutrition


Maize To drain out the excesswater at the earliest byfarming drainage channelsif there is a gradient andif not by using motors

Intercultivation andearthing up to be done




Takeup weed control eithermechanically or through weedicides

Intercultivation and earthing up to bedone





To drain out the excess water at theearliest by farming drainage channels ifthere is a gradient and if not by usingmotors

Cob picking to be done after they aredried fully

Horticulture


Banana Wind damaged plants should bepruned using disinfected secaeturesand cut ends must be smeared withBordeaux paste

Drain the excess water as soon aspossible

The fallen tress may be cut leavingtwo suckers

Inter-cultivate the soil with gorru for

Wind damaged plantsshould be pruned usingdisinfected secaetures andcut ends must be smearedwith Bordeaux paste


The fallen tress may becut leaving two suckers

Wind damaged plants should bepruned using disinfected secaeturesand cut ends must be smeared withBordeaux paste

Drain the excess water as soon aspossible.

Harvest the mature bunches as soon aspossible. Use ripening chambers forquick and uniform ripening

47

aeration.

Spray 0.5 % KNO3 or Urea 2%solution 2-3 times.

Topdressing of booster dose of 80 gMOP + 100 g Urea per plant at two tothree times intervals.

Gap filling may be taken up if theplants are two weeks old and sowingwindow is still available for the crop.

If the age of the plant is less thanthree months and submergence up tothree feet better to replant the garden.

Topdressing of boosterdose of 80 g MOP + 100g Urea per plant at two tothree times intervals

Mature bunches on thecompletely damagedplants be covered withLeaves and harvestedwith in 15-20days

Store the harvested bunches in well-ventilated place temporarily before itcan be marketed.

Market the produce as soon aspossible.

3-4 foliar application of KNO3onimmature/developing bunches andleaves at weekly intervals.

Staking with bamboo for support

.

Lemon If the damage issevere, go for resowing.

Tress fallen on ground may be liftedand earthed up

Manuring and plant protectionmeasures have to be taken up.

Broken and damaged branchesmay be pruned and applied withBordeaux paste

Tress fallen on groundmay be lifted and earthedup

Manuring and plantprotection measures haveto be taken up.

Broken anddamaged branches maybe pruned and appliedwith Bordeaux paste


Harvest the mature fruits as soon aspossible.

Collect the fallen fruits and sellimmediately or go for preparation ofprocessed products.

If to store, store the produce in well-ventilated place temporarily before itcan be marketed.

Broken and damaged branches maybe pruned and applied with Bordeauxpaste

Orange &Batavian

Papaya

Mango


Chillies Grow nursery on raisedbeds.

Uprooted plants may be lifted andearthed up


Gap filling must be done immediately

Uprooted plants may belifted and earthed up


Spray Urea 2% solution


Dry the pods on concrete floor/tarpaulins immediately

Use poly house solar driers for quick

48

If damage is more go for replantingSpray Urea 2% solution 2-3 times.

Topdressing of booster dose of 15 kgMOP + 30 kg Urea per acre as soonas possible.

2-3 times.


drying

Remove the pest and disease infectedpods.

.

Bhendi Uprooted plants may be lifted andearthed up







Topdressing of boosterdose of 12 kg MOP + 30kg Urea per acre as soonas possible..


Harvest the mature fruits as soon aspossible.

Store the fruits in well ventilatedplace temporarily before it can bemarketed.


Gourds &Cucumbur




Gap filling may be taken up if theplants are two weeks old and sowingwindow is still available for the crop.

In case of severe damage (consideredas complete economical loss), and thecontingency period is between June toAugust, go for resowing





Harvest the mature produce as soonas possible.

Store the produce in well-ventilatedplace temporarily before it can bemarketed.


Brinjal Grow nursery on raisedbeds.

If damage is more go forreplanting

Uprooted plants may be lifted andearthed up





Harvest the mature produce as soonas possible.

49

Gap filling must be doneimmaditeatly



If damage is more go for replanting

Gap filling must be doneimmaditeatly



Spray COC 30 g in 10liters of water, 2-3 timesagainst leaf spots.

Store the produce in well-ventilatedplace temporarily before it can bemarketed.


Immediately or go for preparation ofprocessed products.


Turmeric Drain the excess water as soon aspossible

Spray Urea 2% or 1% KNO3followed by Ferrous Sulphate 0.5% +Citric Acid 0.1 % solution 2-3 times.

Topdressing of booster dose of 40 kgMOP + 50 kg Urea along with 250 kgof Neem Cake per acre as soon aspossible.

In case of severe damage (consideredas complete economical loss or ifinundation is more than for fourdays), and the contingency period isbetween June to August, sowing ofbest alternative crop must be takenup.


Spray Urea 2% or 1%KNO3 followed byFerrous Sulphate 0.5% +Citric Acid 0.1 %solution 2-3 times.

Topdressing of boosterdose of 40 kg MOP + 50kg Urea along with 250kg of Neem Cake peracre as soon as possible.


Harvest the rhizomes when fieldcomes to normal

Use boilers and polishers forprocessing

Remove and separate the rotten andmould affected rhizomes.

Cook and dry the rhizomes as soon aspossible.

50

2.5 Detailed Contingency strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries

Suggested contingency measures

Before the event During the event After the event

Drought

Feed and Fodderavailability

Establishment of silvi-pastoral system in CPRswith Stylosanthus hamata and Cenchrusciliaris as grass with Leucaena leucocephala astree component (or suggest suitable similarsystem to your district)

Top dressing of N in 2-3 split doses @ 20-25kg N/ha in common property resources (CPRs)like temple lands, panchyat lands or privateproperty resources (PPRs) like waste anddegraded lands with the monsoon pattern forhigher biomass production

Promote cultivation of short duration foddercrops of sorghum/bajra/maize(UP chari, MPchari, HC-136, HD-2, GAINT BAJRA, L-74,K-677, Ananad/African Tall, Kisan composite,Moti, Manjari, B1-7 and also sunhemp

Chopping of fodder should be made asmandatory in every village through supply andestablishment of good quality chaff cutters.

Harvesting and collection of perennialvegetation particularly grasses which growduring monsoon

Proper drying, bailing and densification ofharvested grass from previous season

Creation of permanent fodder, feed and fodderseed banks in all drought prone villages

Harvest and use biomass of dried up crops(Rice, Maize, Bajra, Horse gram,Groundnut, black gram, sun hemp) materialas fodder.

Harvest the tree fodder (Neem, Subabul,Acasia, Pipal etc) and unconventional feedsresources available and use as fodder forlivestock (LS).

Available feed and fodder should be cutfrom CPRs and stall fed in order to reducethe energy requirements of the animals

UMMB, hay, concentrates and vitamin &mineral mixture should be transported tothe needy areas from the reserves at thedistrict level initially and latter stages fromthe near by districts. Hay should beenriched with 2% Urea molasses solutionor 1% common salt solution and fed to LS

Herd should be split and supplementationshould be given only to the highlyproductive and breeding animals

Provision of emergency grazing/feeding(Cow-calf camps or other specialarrangements to protect high productive &breeding stock)

Motivate the farmers to mix the dry fodderwith available kitchen waste while feeding

Concentratessupplementation should beprovided to all the animals.

The farmers may be advisedto practice “flushing thestock” to recoup

Short duration fodder cropsof should be sown in unsownand crop failed areas whereno further routine cropsowing is not possible

Supply of quality seeds offodder varieties andmotivating the farmers tocultivate at least 10% of theirland holding for fodderproduction

51

Arrangements should be made formobilization of small ruminants across thevillages where no drought exits withsubsidized road/rail transportation andtemporary shelter provision for theshepherds

Unproductive livestock should to be culledduring severe drought

Create transportation and marketingfacilities for the culled and unproductiveanimals

Supply silage and or hay on subsidizedrates to the farmers having high productivestock

Subsidized loans should be provided to thelivestock keepers

Cyclone Harvest all the possible wetted grain(rice/maize/greengram/blackgram etc) andsugar cane tops and use as animal feed.

Motivate the farmers to store a minimumquantity of hay (25-50 kg) and concentrates(10-25 kg) per animal in farmer’s / LS keepershouse/ shed for feeding the animals duringcyclone.

Stock of anti-diarrheal drugs and electrolytesshould be made available for emergencytransport

Don’t allow the animals for grazing in case ofearly forewarning (EFW) of cyclone

Incase of EFW of severe cyclone, shift theanimals to safer places.

Treatment of the sick, injured and affectedanimals through arrangement of mobileemergency veterinary hospitals / rescueanimal health workers.

Diarrhea out break may happen. Healthcamps should be organized

In severe cases un-tether or let loose theanimals

Arrange transportation of highly productiveanimals to safer place

Spraying of fly repellants in animal sheds

Repair of animal shed

Deworm the animals throughmass camps

Vaccinate against possibledisease out breaks like HS,BQ, FMD and PPR

Proper dispose of the deadanimals / carcasses byburning / deep burying (4-8feet) with lime powder (1kgfor small ruminants and 5kgfor large ruminants) in pit

Bleach / chlorinate (0.1%)drinking water or waterresources

Collect drowned cropmaterial, dry it and store forfuture use

52

Sowing of short durationfodder crops in unsown andwater logged areas whencrops are damaged and nochance to replant

Application of urea (20-25kg/ha) in the inundatedareas and CPR’s to enhancethe bio mass production.

Floods In case of early forewarning (EFW), harvest allthe crops (rice/maize/greengram/blackgram) thatcan be useful as fodder in future (store properly)and also sugar cane tops

Don’t allow the animals for grazing if severefloods are forewarned

Motivate the farmers to store a minimumrequired quantity of hay (25-50kg) andconcentrates (25kgs) per animals in farmer / LSkeepers house / shed for feeding animals duringfloods

Arrangement for transportation of animals fromlow lying area to safer places and also for rescueanimal health workers to get involve in rescueoperations

Transportation of animals to elevated areas

Stall feeding of animals with stored hay andconcentrates

Proper hygiene and sanitation of the animalshed

In severe floods, un-tether or let loose theanimals

Emergency outlet establishment for requiredmedicines or feed in each village

Spraying of fly repellants in animal sheds

Repair of animal shed

Bring back the animals to theshed

Cleaning and disinfection ofthe shed

Bleach (0.1%) drinking water/ water sources

Deworming with broadspectrum dewormers

Vaccination against possibledisease out breaks like HS,BQ, FMD and PPR

Proper disposable of the deadanimals / carcasses by burning/ deep burying (4-8 feet) withlime powder (1kg for smallruminants and 5kg for largeruminants) in pit

Drying the harvested cropmaterial and proper storagefor use as fodder.

Heat & Cold wave NA

53

Health and Diseasemanagement

Timely vaccination (as per enclosedvaccination schedule) against allendemic diseases

Procurement of emergency medicinesand medical kits

Surveillance and disease monitoringnetwork to be established at JointDirector (Animal Husbandry) office inthe district

Carryout deworming to all animalsentering into relief camps

Identification and quarantine of sickanimals

Constitution of Rapid ActionVeterinary Force

Performing ring vaccination (8 kmradius) in case of any outbreak

Restricting movement of livestock incase of any epidemic

Rescue of sick and injured animals andtheir treatment

Conducting mass animal health camps

Conducting fertility camps

Mass deworming camps

Farmers should be advised to breed theirmilch animals during July-September sothat the peak milk production does notcoincide with mid summer

Keeping vigil on disease outbreak

Insurance Encouraging insurance of livestock Listing out the details of the deadanimals

Submission for insurance claim andavailing insurance benefit

Purchase of new productive animals

Drinking water Identification of water resources

Rain water harvesting and create waterbodies/watering points (when water isscarce use only as drinking water foranimals)

Construction of drinking water tanks inherding places/village junctions/reliefcamp locations

Restrict wallowing of animals in waterbodies/resources

Bleach (0.1%) drinking water / watersources

Provide clean drinking water

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Vaccination programme for cattle and buffalo

Disease Age and season at vaccination

Anthrax In endemic areas only, Feb to May

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) May to June

Black quarter (BQ) May to June

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) July/August and November/December

Vaccination schedule in small ruminants (Sheep & Goat)

Disease Season

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) Preferably in winter / autumn

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Preferably in January

Black quarter (BQ) May / June

Enterotoxaemia (ET) May

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) March / June

Sheep pox (SP) November

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2.5.2 Poultry



Drought

Shortage of feedingredients

Storing of house hold grain like maize, brokenrice, etc, in to use as feed in case of severedrought

Supplementation only for productive birdswith house hold grain

Supplementation of shell grit (calcium) forlaying birds

Culling of weak birds

Supplementation to all survived birds

Drinking water Use water sanitizers or offer cool drinkingwater

Health and diseasemanagement

Culling of sick birds.

Deworming and vaccination against RD andfowl pox

Mixing of Vit. A,D,E, K and B-complexincluding vit C in drinking water (5ml in onelitre water)

Hygienic and sanitation of poultry house

Disposal of dead birds by burning /burying with lime powder in pit

Floods


In case of early forewarning of floods, shiftthe birds to safer place

Storing of house hold grain like maize,broken rice, etc,

Use stored feed as supplement

Don’t allow for scavenging


Routine practices are followed

Deworming and vaccination against RD



In case of EFW, add antibiotic powder(Terramycin/Ampicilline/ Ampiclox etc.,10g in one litre) in drinking water toprevent any disease outbreak

Prevent water logging surrounding thesheds through proper drainage facility

Assure supply of electricity by generatoror solar energy or biogas

Sprinkle lime powder to prevent ammonia

Sanitation of poultry house

Treatment of affected birds Disposal ofdead birds by burning / burying with linepowder in pit

Disposal of poultry manure to prevent

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accumulation due to dampness protozoal problem

Supplementation of coccidiostats in feed

Vaccination against RD

Cyclone


In case of EFW, shift the birds to safer place

Storing of house hold grain like maize,broken rice, bajra etc,


Use stored feed as supplement

Don’t allow for scavenging

Protect from thunder storms

Routine practices are followed



In case of EFW, add antibiotic powder indrinking water to prevent any diseaseoutbreak

Sanitation of poultry house

Treatment of affected birds

Prevent water logging surrounding the sheds

Assure supply of electricity

Sprinkle lime powder (5-10g per square feet)to prevent ammonia accumulation due todampness

Disposal of dead birds by burning / deepburying with lime powder in pit

Disposal of poultry manure to preventprotozoal problem

Supplementation of coccidiostats in feed

Vaccination against Ranikhet Disease(0.5ml S/c)

Heat wave and cold wave NA

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2.5.3 Fisheries/ Aquaculture:



1) Drought

A. Capture

Marine No intervention No intervention No intervention

Inland

(i) Shallow water depth due toinsufficient rains/inflow

Stocking of advnced fingerlings in half oreven less than the normal stockingdensity or stocking of common carp seed

Immediate harvesting or decreasing thedensity commensurate with the waterquantity.

De weeding and deepening of tankto ensure retention of water for alonger period and provision ofemployment under MGNREGP

(ii) Changes in water quality Regular monitoring of water qualityparameters and application of geolites,soil probiotics, etc to maintain waterquality

Immediate harvesting or changing thewater quality by application ofsanitisers.

Removal of top layer, deepploughing of tank and application oflime

(iii) Any other

B. Aquaculture

(i) Shallow water in ponds due toinsufficient rains/inflow

Crop holiday or going for stocking ofyearlings by reducing the densityaccording to availability of water

Harvesting of fish and leaving the pondfallow till next season

Removal of top layer, deepploughing of tank and application oflime

(ii) Impact of salt load build upin ponds / change in waterquality

Stocking of salinity tolerant fish / shrimp,application of geolites and other buffers

Frequent change of water with freshwater

Frequent draining of the pond withfresh water, removal of top layers

(iii) Any other

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2) Floods

A. Capture

Marine No intervention No intervention No intervention

Inland

(i) Average compensation paiddue to loss of human life

Shifting the people from low lying areasto relief camps

Deployment of specially trainedpersons for rescue operations byproviding life bouys, jackets, ropes,boats, etc

Payment sufficient ex-gratia to thefamilies

(ii) No. of boats / nets/damaged Shifting and relocating boats and nets tosafer places when warnings are issued, toavoid fishing, etc

Shifting and relocating boats and netsto safer places

Assessment of damages to boats andnets and provision of boats and netsfor restoration of livelihoods

(iii) No.of houses damaged Avoidance of construction of houses inflood prone ares, construction of puccahouses at elevated places,

Shifting of people by relief boats to therelief camps

Assessment of damages to housesand provision of compensation incase of partial damage and sanctionhouse under existing schemes

(iv) Loss of stock Avoidance of surface species like catla,silver carp since they are vulnerable intanks prone to floods, erection of netsacross the spill way or just beyond it

Erection of nets at spill ways Taking up compensatory stocking

(v) Changes in water quality When dissolved oxygen levels godown, aerators, recirculation of water,etc are to be attempted to maintain DOlevels, going for partial harvest, etc

(vi) Health and diseases Sometimes there may be heavyaccumulation of nutrients and organicmatter.

There may be break out ofHeamorrhagic septicimea. Addition ofantibiotics like Chloro Tetra Cycline orOxy Tetra Cycline to the feed toconstrol the disease

Removal of weeds, top layer of soil,deep ploughing of tank andapplication of lime, exposing to sunlight

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B. Aquaculture

(i) Inundation with flood water Raising and rivetting the bunds, construc-tion of spill way to release excess water,erection of nets to avoid escape of fish

Continuous pumping of excess water,erection of nets low lying areas

Strengthening of bunds, excavatingchannels along the sides of theponds for free escape of water

(ii) Water continuation andchanges in water quality

When dissolved oxygen levels godown, aerators, recirculation of water,etc are to be attempted to maintain DOlevels, going for partial harvest, etc

(iii) Health and diseases Sometimes there may be heavyaccumulation of nutrients and organicmatter.

There may be break out ofHeamorrhagic septicimea. Addition ofantibiotics like Chloro Tetra Cycline orOxy Tetra Cycline to the feed toconstrol the disease

Removal of weeds, top layer of soil,deep ploughing of tank andapplication of lime, exposing to sunlight

(iv) Loss of stock and inputs(feed, chemicals etc)

Advance erection of nets, strengtheningof bunds where they are prone tobreaches, harvesting or reducing thedensity

Suspension of feeding, application oforganic manures

Compensatory stocking, assessmentof values and payment of subsidy oninputs

(v) Infrastructure damage(pumps, aerators, huts etc)

Insuring pond, accessories, etc., Shiftingof aerators, pumps soon after warnigs areissued

Relocating pumps, aerators to elevatedplaces

Assessment of damages andprovision of them on subsidy

(vi) Any other

3. Cyclone / Tsunami

A. Capture

Marine

(i) Average compensation paiddue to loss of fishermen lives

Avoidance of fishing, preventingfishermen from venturing into sea,carrying of safety equipment and VHFsets, shifting fishermen from vulnerableareas to relief camps, etc

To ensure the return of fishing boats onlong voyages, provision of informationon such boats to coast Guard

Payment sufficient ex-gratia to thefamilies

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(ii) Avg. no. of boats /nets/damaged

Avoidance of fishing when warnings areissued, shifting of boats and nets to safeplaces

Shifting and relocating boats and netsto safer places

Assessment of damages to boats and

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