State and Local Government Employment Trends

7/29/2019 State and Local Government Employment Trends

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EAST

A Produ of APol reefor More NforMAoN V WWW.G.orG/BooKofheAe

Th Bk f Th STTS 2013

facts & figs

he ouNl of Ae GoVerNMeN | 2013

1U.S. Census Bureau, 2011 Annual Survey of Public Employment and Payroll, http://www.census.gov/govs/apes/2U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment, Hours, and Earnings (CES) database, http://www.bls.gov/webapps/legacy/cesbtab1.htm 3Full time equivalent state and local government employees

The number of employees in state and local governments hasbeen declining since 2008 and represents the largest contrac-

tion of public employm ent in more than 30 years. The loss of

jobs in the public sector would have been much more acceler-

ated had it not been for a marked increase i n federal aidpri-

marily the American Recovery and Reinvestment Actwhichhelped preserve a significant number of state and l ocal jobs

for several years. Those funds are now gone and, while private

sector employment has been recovering slowly, many state and

local governments continue to cut the number of people they

employ.

National nalysis In past recessions, state and local government employment wasquite stable as compared to private sector employment. Not so

for the Great Recession, which began in 2007 and precipitated a

downward trend in state government employment.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau,1 state and local governments

shed a total of 218,367 full-time equivalentknown as FTEposi-

tions from 2009 to 2010, or around 1.3 percent. From 2010 to 2011,

state and local governments lost 223,178 FTE jobs, or a drop of

about 1.4 percent. Thats nearly half a million jobs lost in two years.

Sixteen percent of total U.S. nonfarm employment is in the public

sector, including state government employment with 4 percent, localgovernment with 10 percent and federal government with 2 percent.2

Census data show that public employment3 in 33 states decreasedbetween 2010 and 2011. Arizona, Indiana, Michigan, New Jersey

and New York saw the largest declines, each losing more than 4

percent of their employees. When combined, New York (-48,656),

California (-33,464) and New Jersey (-22,672) shed more than

100,000 positions. Arkansas, on the other hand, added 7.9 percentmore employees to its workforce, which was the largest percent

increase of any state.

Seventeen states added employees in 2011, ranging from a high of

13,947 FTEs in Arkansas, 6,234 in Utah, a 4.4 percent increase, and

2,946 in Maine, a 4.1 percent increase. Seven of those states whoseworkforce grew added 500 or fewer FTEs.

Regional nalysis From 2010 to 2011, state and local government employment

shrank the most in CSGs Eastern region, contracting by 2.4

percent, or 83,204 FTE positions. The Midwestern region was close

behind, shrinking by 2.3 percent, or 73,416 positions.

Seven of 11 states in the region shed public positions from 2010

to 2011. New Jersey cut its workforce the most of any state in the

region, falling by 4.4 percent (22,672 positions), followed by New

York, which shrank its workforce by 4 percent (48,656 positions). For the four states in the region that expanded, Maine grew the

most, by 4.1 percent or 2,946 positions, followed by Maryland (1.5percent or 4,500 positions), Delaware (1 percent or 513 positions)

and Rhode Island (0.5 percent or 256 positions).

STATE And LocAL GovErnmEnT EmpLoymEnT TrEndS

2.14%

0.33%

0.18%

0.85%

1.33%

1.97%

1.30%

0.79%

-1.30% -1.35%

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

AnnUAL pErcEnT cHAnGE In STATE & LocAL FTE EmpLoymEnT


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midwest

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Facts & Figures

A PROdCT OF CAPITOl RESE

THE CONCIl OF STATE GOVERNMENTS | 2013

state and LocaL Government empLoyment trends

The number of employees in state and local governments has

been declining since 2008 and represents the largest contrac-


jobs in the public sector would have been much more acceler-ated had it not been for a marked increase i n federal aidpri-

marily the American Recovery and Reinvestment Actwhichhelped preserve a significant number of state and l ocal jobs




employ.

National nalysis In past recessions, state and local government employment was

quite stable as compared to private sector employment. Not so

for the Great Recession, which began in 2007 and precipitated adownward trend in state government employment.







sector, including state government employment with 4 percent, local

government with 10 percent and federal government with 2 percent.2

Census data show that public employment3 in 33 states decreased

between 2010 and 2011. Arizona, Indiana, Michigan, New Jersey


percent of their employees. When combined, New York (-48,656),California (-33,464) and New Jersey (-22,672) shed more than

100,000 positions. Texas, on the other hand, added 7.9 percent moreemployees to its workforce, which was the largest percent increase

of any state.


13,947 FTEs in Arkansas,a 7.9 percent increase, 6,234 in Utah, a 4.4

percent increase, and 2,946 in Maine, a 4.1 percent increase. Seven

of those states whose workforce grew added 500 or fewer FTEs.

Regional nalysis From 2010 to 2011, state and local government employment

shrank the second most in CSGs Midwestern region, contractingby 2.3 percent, or 73,416 FTE positions, just behind the Eastern

region, which contracted by 2.4 percent or 83,204 positions.

Ten of the 11 states in the region shed public positions from 2010

to 2011. Indiana contracted the most of any state in the region, fall

ing by 4.4 percent (15,310 positions), followed by Michigan, which

shrank by 4.3 percent (20,337 positions).

North Dakota was the only state in the region to grow, although it

did not grow by muchonly 1 percent, or 459 positions.

2.14%

0.33%

0.18%

0.85%

1.33%

1.97%

1.30%

0.79%

-1.30% -1.35%

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011


annUaL percent cHanGe in state & LocaL Fte empLoyment


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south




facts & figsstate and LocaL Government empLoyment trends





marily the American Recovery and Reinvestment Actwhich

helped preserve a significant number of state and l ocal jobs




employ.















100,000 positions. Texas, on the other hand, added 7.9 percent more

employees to its workforce, which was the largest percent increase

of any state.



percent increase, and 2,946 in Maine, a 4.1 percent increase. Sevenof those states whose workforce grew added 500 or fewer FTEs.

Regional nalysis From 2010 to 2011, state and local government employment in

CSGs Southern shrank the least of any CSG region, contracting

by 0.3 percent, or 21,341 FTE positions. The Western region, by

contrast, dropped by 1.4 percent, or 49,641 positions, while the

Midwestern and Eastern Regions each contracted by 2.3 percent

or more.

Nine of 15 states in the region shed public positions from 2010 to

2011. Florida contracted the most of any state in the region, falling

by 2.2 percent (19,814 positions), followed by Florida, which also

shrank by 2.2 percent (7,223 positions). Of the six states to expand public employment from 2010 to 2011,

Arkansas was an outlier for both the region and the nation, grow-

ing by 7.9 percent, or 13,947 positions. West Virginia is a distant

second, growing by 1.9 percent, or 1,977 positions.

2.14%

0.33%

0.18%

0.85%

1.33%

1.97%

1.30%

0.79%

-1.30% -1.35%

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011


annuaL percent chanGe In state & LocaL Fte empLoyment


4/5

west




facts & figs

state and LocaL Government empLoyment trends





marily the American Recovery and Reinvestment Actwhich

helped preserve a significant number of state and l ocal jobs




employ.















100,000 positions. Texas, on the other hand, added 7.9 percent more

employees to its workforce, which was the largest percent increase

of any state.



percent increase, and 2,946 in Maine, a 4.1 percent increase. Sevenof those states whose workforce grew added 500 or fewer FTEs.

Regional nalysis From 2010 to 2011, state and local government employment in

CSGs Western region contracted by 1.4 percent, or 49,641 FTE

positions. That rate fell between the contraction rates of the South-

ern region (0.3 percent) and the Midwestern region (2.3 percent).

Seven of the 13 states in the region shed public positions from 2010

to 2011. A majority of those regional losses came from California,

which dropped 33,464 positions over the period. As a percentage

change over time, however, Arizona contracted more than Califor-

nia, shrinking by 4.8 percent, or 14,090 positions. For the six states in the region that expanded, only two grew by

more than 500 positions: Utah grew by 4.4 percent, or 6,235 posi-

tions, and Wyoming grew by 3.8 percent, or 1,919 positions.

2.14%

0.33%

0.18%

0.85%

1.33%

1.97%

1.30%

0.79%

-1.30% -1.35%

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011


annUaL percent cHanGe In state & LocaL Fte empLoyment


5/5T CuCi f STT TSJennifer Burnett, CSG Program Manager, Research Services and Special Projects | [email protected] A Produ of APol reeArh

STT Nd Lc L Gv RNmN T mpLm NT, 2010 - 2011

State and ocal overnment State overnment ocal overnment

Change 2010-2011 Change 2010-2011 Change 2010-2011

State 2011 fT mber Percent 2011 fT mber Percent 2011 fT mber Percent

unted States 16,358,439 -223,178 -1.35 4,359,380 -18,397 -0.42 11,999,059 -204,781 -1.68

EAST REGION

Connectct 185,209 -2,277 -1.21 62,090 -1,109 -1.75 123,119 -1,168 -0.94

Delaware 49,751 513 1.04 26,215 193 0.74 23,536 320 1.38ane 75,370 2,946 4.07 21,354 224 1.06 54,016 2,722 5.31

aryland 307,031 4,500 1.49 86,714 -1,604 -1.82 220,317 6,104 2.85

assachsetts 320,738 -8,508 -2.58 92,033 -3,321 -3.48 228,705 -5,187 -2.22

ew ampshre 72,273 -717 -0.98 19,394 -76 -0.39 52,879 -641 -1.20

ew Jersey 488,114 -22,672 -4.44 146,801 -5,202 -3.42 341,313 -17,470 -4.87

ew York 1,175,681 -48,656 -3.97 243,647 -7,503 -2.99 932,034 -41,153 -4.23

Pennsylvana 591,926 -7,748 -1.29 168,548 280 0.17 423,378 -8,028 -1.86

hode island 49,746 256 0.52 18,900 206 1.10 30,846 50 0.16

ermont 39,649 -841 -2.08 14,419 11 0.08 25,230 -852 -3.27

Regional total 3,355,488 83,204 2.42 900,115 17,901 1.95 2,455,373 65,303 2.59

MIDWEST REGION

illnos 626,921 -12,924 -2.02 131,153 -199 -0.15 495,768 -12,725 -2.50

indana 329,503 -15,310 -4.44 89,796 247 0.28 239,707 -15,557 -6.09

iowa 177,268 -1,394 -0.78 50,378 -950 -1.85 126,890 -444 -0.35

Kansas 196,847 -5,637 -2.78 43,555 -269 -0.61 153,292 -5,368 -3.38

chgan 456,578 -20,337 -4.26 144,921 -685 -0.47 311,657 -19,652 -5.93

nnesota 277,179 -2,114 -0.76 79,672 -269 -0.34 197,507 -1,845 -0.93

ebraska 120,974 -420 -0.35 32,065 -495 -1.52 88,909 75 0.08

orth Dakota 45,047 459 1.03 18,592 453 2.50 26,455 6 0.02

ho 594,695 -12,610 -2.08 139,049 -858 -0.61 455,646 -11,752 -2.51

Soth Dakota 45,851 -381 -0.82 14,458 148 1.03 31,393 -529 -1.66

Wsconsn 283,568 -2,748 -0.96 70,891 -1,537 -2.12 212,677 -1,211 -0.57

Regional total 3,154,431 -73,416 -2.27 814,530 -4,414 -0.54 2,339,901 -69,002 -2.86

SOUTH REGION

labama 284,778 -2,350 -0.82 89,768 136 0.15 195,010 -2,486 -1.26

rkansas 189,608 13,947 7.94 62,562 -922 -1.45 127,046 14,869 13.25

florda 888,159 -19,814 -2.18 184,237 -228 -0.12 703,922 -19,586 -2.71

eorga 509,276 -8,162 -1.58 123,627 -488 -0.39 385,649 -7,674 -1.95

Kentcky 246,859 4,386 1.81 81,493 779 0.97 165,366 3,607 2.23

osana 281,597 4,221 1.52 84,402 -4,318 -4.87 197,195 8,539 4.53

sssspp 191,995 -996 -0.52 57,656 798 1.40 134,339 -1,794 -1.32

ssor 317,310 -7,223 -2.23 87,361 -1,457 -1.64 229,949 -5,766 -2.45

orth Carolna 556,065 1,038 0.19 154,364 2,135 1.40 401,701 -1,097 -0.27

klahoma 214,757 -2,113 -0.97 68,339 -2,162 -3.07 146,418 49 0.03

Soth Carolna 253,574 1,584 0.63 77,342 271 0.35 176,232 1,313 0.75

Tennessee 327,457 -1,468 -0.45 86,215 3,344 4.04 241,242 -4,812 -1.96

Texas 1,450,198 -2,126 -0.15 318,370 458 0.14 1,131,828 -2,584 -0.23

rgna 438,837 -4,242 -0.96 124,930 221 0.18 313,907 -4,463 -1.40

West rgna 103,701 1,977 1.94 39,882 507 1.29 63,819 1,470 2.36

Regional total 6,254,171 -21,341 -0.34 1,640,548 -926 -0.06 4,613,623 -20,415 -0.44

WEST REGION

laska 54,743 294 0.54 26,747 58 0.22 27,996 236 0.85

rzona 280,795 -14,090 -4.78 68,786 1,979 2.96 212,009 -16,069 -7.05Calorna 1,752,070 -33,464 -1.87 407,321 -3,332 -0.81 1,344,749 -30,132 -2.19

Colorado 270,166 -3,111 -1.14 72,113 1,049 1.48 198,053 -4,160 -2.06

awa 73,669 469 0.64 58,142 21 0.04 15,527 448 2.97

idaho 78,569 468 0.60 21,773 -167 -0.76 56,796 635 1.13

ontana 57,874 -556 -0.95 20,795 420 2.06 37,079 -976 -2.56

evada 114,307 163 0.14 28,121 -224 -0.79 86,186 387 0.45

ew exco 125,664 -2,811 -2.19 46,794 -1,366 -2.84 78,870 -1,445 -1.80

regon 197,299 -1,075 -0.54 65,542 173 0.26 131,757 -1,248 -0.94

utah 147,591 6,235 4.41 53,501 2,210 4.31 94,090 4,025 4.47

Washngton 346,367 -4,082 -1.16 121,136 -1,636 -1.33 225,231 -2,446 -1.07

Wyomng 52,732 1,919 3.78 13,416 -161 -1.19 39,316 2,080 5.59

Regional total 3,551,846 -49,641 -1.38 1,004,187 -976 -0.10 2,547,659 -48,665 -1.87

Source: Au

calculations

data from U

Census Bur

2009, 2010

2011 Gove

Employme

Payroll, http

www.censu

govs/apes/

TABLERESOUR
http://www.census.gov/govs/apes/http://www.census.gov/govs/apes/http://www.census.gov/govs/apes/http://www.census.gov/govs/apes/http://www.census.gov/govs/apes/http://www.census.gov/govs/apes/

State and Local Government Employment Trends

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