Star Study Guide - Mrs. Smit's Science...
Transcript of Star Study Guide - Mrs. Smit's Science...
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Star Study GuideChapter 21 Test
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Branches of Earth Science
Astronomy
The study of planets, stars, and other objects in space.
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Branches of Earth Science
Lithosphere
The land masses of earth
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Branches of Earth Science
Hydrosphere
The waters of the earth
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Branches of Earth Science
Atmosphere
The envelope of gases that surround earth
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Tools used to study stars:
Telescope
An instrument that makes distant objects appear closer
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Tools used to study stars:
Spectroscope
helps astronomers determine the composition of stars by creating a spectrum
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What is a spectrum?
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What is a constellation?
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Best Known
Constellation
What is part
of it
Ursa Major
(Big Bear)
Big Dipper
Ursa Minor
(Little Bear)
Little Dipper
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4 Ways to Classify Stars:
A. Color & TemperatureB. SizeC. CompositionD. Brightness
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Color & Temperature
Hottest Warm Cool Coolest
A. BLUE B. WHITE C.YELLOW D.RED
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Size
Neutron~~12-15 km
White Dwarf~~ size of Earth
Medium~~Size of Sun (Most Stars)
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Size
Giant~~10-1000 x’sthe sun
Super Giant~~over 1,000 x’s the sun
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Brightness
Apparent Brightness
The brightness of a star as it appears on Earth.
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Brightness
Absolute Brightness
The actual brightness of a star (How much light the star actually gives off)
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Why is the Sun the Brightest
Because the sun is the closest star to Earth
Closer stars appear brighter (apparent magnitude)
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3 factors that affect brightness
A. Temperature
B. Size
C. Distance
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Composition
(Chemical Make Up)
Composition of
Stars
Percentage of
ElementHydrogen 73% (MOST)
Helium 25% (2nd Most)
Other Elements 2%
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Measuring distances to stars
How to MeasurePARALLAX: the apparent change in the position of a star in the sky.
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Measuring distances to stars
Unit usedLight-year: The distance that light travels in one year.
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H-R Diagram
What is a graph that shows the relationship between absolute brightness and surface temperature of a star
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main sequence
The area in the H-R diagram where the most stars are located.
Upper left to Lower right corner
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Different Paths in
Life Cycle of a Star
The MASS of a star determines the life cycle
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Which star lives longer?
Low mass stars live longer because they burn their fuel slower
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Multi Star Systems
BINARY STARS
A star system with 2 stars
2 STARS
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Multi Star Systems
Star Cluster
Large Group of stars
Hundreds, thousands or millions
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Multi Star Systems
Galaxy
A huge collection of stars bound together by gravity
Billions of Stars
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Our Galaxy
Name of
our
Galaxy
MILKY WAY GALAXY
Shape of
our
galaxy
SPIRAL GALAXY
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Standard Notation
four hundred million years
400,000,000
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