Standards SSWH6 The student will describe the diverse characteristics of early African societies...
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Transcript of Standards SSWH6 The student will describe the diverse characteristics of early African societies...
Standards• SSWH6 The student will describe the diverse
characteristics of early African societies before 1800 CE. • a. Identify the Bantu migration patterns and contribution to
settled agriculture. • e. Analyze the role of geography and the distribution of
resources played in the development of trans-Saharan trading networks.
Western Desert of Egypt
• 8000 BC– Domesticated cattle
• 7000BC– Domestication of wheat– storage of grains
• 6000 BC– Storage pits
• 5000 BC– Domestication of sheep
and goats
• Food storage = social hierarchy
Migration • Why migrate?
– Overpopulation – Ecological necessity– Violence
• Frequency– Intermittent and
incremental• Absorbs local populations• Spreads:
– Cultures– Languages– Religions– technologies
Causes of MigrationPush Factors
• Environmental:– Climate changes– exhausted resources– Natural Disasters
• earthquakes; volcanoes; drought; famine
• Economic:– Unemployment – slavery– Lack of available land
• War
Causes of MigrationPull Factors
• Environmental– More space– Resources– climate
• Economic: – Land Ownership– Job opportunities
• Politics• Religion
Bantu Migrations
• From the savanna• Nomadic herders• slash-and-burn
farming • S&B = soil depletion• Need knew land every
few years
Bantu Migrations
• Bantu means “the people”
• Started migrating south & east around 3,000 B.C.
• Shared skills• learned new customs • adapted to
environment
Effects of Bantu Migrations
• drove out some inhabitants, intermixed with others
• produced a great variety of cultures
• Language helped unify the continent
• Swahili most common language today
Effects of Bantu Migrations
• Technology – ironworking– bronze, copper & iron
tools/weapons– Superior weapons– Excellent tools
• social & political organization
Innovations & Technologies
• New crops – Ie: Banana, via
Madagascar, native to south Asia
More efficient food production
– More & better nourished people
• Agriculture takes space…with Population increase, need to spread out on more land.
SummarySummary• 4000 BCE to 400 CE in Africa & Eurasia, & earlier in
Oceania.
• Migration Migration spread & mingling of cultures:– Technologies– Religions– Governments– People!
• WhyWhy migrate?• HowHow do we know?
– Languages!– DNA– Material Culture (artifacts)
• EffectEffect on World History?
Photo: Division of India & Pakistan sudden mass migration – largest in modern history.
Standards• SSWH6 The student will describe the diverse characteristics of
early African societies before 1800 CE.
• a. Identify the Bantu migration patterns and contribution to settled agriculture.
• e. Analyze the role of geography and the distribution of resources played in the development of trans-Saharan trading networks.
• List 5 facts which will help you remember this lesson:
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