Standards for Connection of Electric Vehicles David DOSSETT, CENELEC President BEAMA Low Carbon...
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Transcript of Standards for Connection of Electric Vehicles David DOSSETT, CENELEC President BEAMA Low Carbon...
Standards for Connection of Electric Vehicles
David DOSSETT, CENELEC President BEAMA Low Carbon Living Conference15 March 2011
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 2David DOSSETElectric Vehicles
What Are Standards?Who Are The Standardisers?
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 3David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
European Standards Organisations
CEN = European Committee for Standardization CENELEC = European Committee for
Electrotechnical Standardization ETSI = European Telecommunication Standards
Institute
CEN and CENELEC now have 31 national members (EU, EFTA, Croatia)
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 4David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
What Is A Standard?
It is a document voluntary in application established by all interested parties reflects consensus approved by a recognized body for common and repeated use
National, International, European Standards
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 5David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
European Standardization Model
ESOs recognised under Directive 98/34/EC CEN, CENELEC and ETSI are officially recognized by
EU legislation to draw up standards under New Approach directives
All CEN, CENELEC and ETSI NSBs are committed to: implement a European standard (EN) once ratified,
identically as national standard withdraw any conflicting national standard
Voluntary standards are key for the European Single Market
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 6David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
Why European Standards?
Single European Market Innovation from European research results Competitiveness in a global economy Easier access for new Members to the EU Alternative for better regulation
Standards for the market and by the market Co-regulation in Europe since 1985
BUT, especially... 1 EN = 31 national standards in Europe = access to 490
million customers.
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 7David DOSSETElectric Vehicles
Standards For Electric Vehicles
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 8David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
Why Standards For Electric Vehicles?
Promote the development of the internal market for EVs Increase client acceptance Optimize energy use Discourage imposition of market barriers Make equipment
Interoperable Interchangeable across frontiers Allow for optimum use of infrastructure Allow for power generation
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 9David DOSSETElectric Vehicles
European Interests And International Standardization
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 10David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
The Landscape
Internationally, ISO standardizes vehicles; IEC their electrical aspects
Type-approval etc is regulated Our standards work in Europe has been limited:
Vehicle pollution requirements in support of EU Regulations
Intelligent Transport standards – electronic road tolling, driver information etc
Now, e-Mobility has come to the fore
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 11David DOSSETElectric Vehicles
Standards And Regulation
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 12David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
The European Mandate
Mandate = Commission/EFTA request to the European Standards Organizations (ESOs), endorsed by Member States
A mandate on electric vehicle standards issues has been given to the standards bodies
Request to produce a “standards work programme” by spring 2011, and the necessary standards within 18 months
This is fast – but many of the necessary standards are under way internationally…
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 13David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
What Are We Asked To Do?
The ESOs are asked to develop European standards or to review existing standards in order to: Ensure interoperability and connectivity between the
electricity supply and on-board chargers of electric vehicles, so that they can be connected and be interoperable in all EU States
Ensure interoperability and connectivity between “off-board” chargers and the electric vehicle and removable batteries
Consider any smart-charging issue with respect to the charging of electric vehicles
Consider safety risks and electromagnetic compatibility of the charger of electric vehicles in the field of relevant Directives
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 14David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
How Are We Doing It?
We have created a Joint Working Group (“Focus Group”) CEN-CENELEC, with participation of ISO, IEC, ETSI
Representatives of technical activities, interested associations, CEN-CENELEC national members, Commission etc
Note the Focus Group is not preparing standards as such! Focus Group Tasks:
Prepare an overview of European requirements for electric vehicle standards
Match these against existing international standards and all relevant work in progress in standards bodies
Recommend how missing issues should be covered by standardization, by whom and on what timescale
Propose how ESOs respond to European Commission mandate
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 15David DOSSETElectric Vehicles
European Work
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 16David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
Organization/Timescale
Focus Group has set up working groups (“Project Teams”) to prepare a response on the different issues: Connectors Charging Communications Batteries Terminology Regulations and standards Electro-magnetic compatibility
First overview report/roadmap agreed Final report and recommendations March 2011
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 17David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
Connector Issues
Connectors on the wall: Domestic circuits AC – most routine charging will be at home Heavier charging at 3-Phase AC: draft IEC 62196 Part 2 has
several options, but we need one for Europe Differences in national wiring rules in Europe >
interoperability issues
Connectors on the vehicle: AC connectors – different options again in IEC 62196-2 DC connectors – choice of two but with different
characteristics
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 18David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
Charger Issues
Recommendations concerning interoperable charging systems using the four charging modes authorised by IEC 61851
Preferential configurations depending on charging mode and supply categories (AC, DC, Mixed?) to ensure interoperability of charging infrastructures
Restrictions and conditions of use applicable to the vehicle and harness when connected to existing domestic socket outlets (mode 1 and 2)
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 19David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
Other Issues
Communication issues – next overheads
Battery issues: interoperability: dimensional standards of battery and modules
for EVs, interface systems, electric cycle batteries, safety, supply chain, battery switching stations
Regulatory/EMC/Terminology (separate PTs) Basically:
our priorities are the pan-European connectors and chargers, ie so interoperable infrastructure can be created
DC charging is longer-term smart charging is longer-term the grid effects will therefore be longer-term – but we must work
on them
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 20David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
Vehicle To Grid Issues
These are less mature Low-level communication:
low-level communication for AC and DC charge control and safety functions is defined in the IEC 61851 series
controls for AC charging in part 1 (voted September 2010) controls for DC charging in part 24 (work just starting)
Higher-level communication: Work in joint ISO/IEC WG defining power-line communication between vehicle
and charging device, defining message content signals for load control for the optimization of the grid and electricity usage,
and mobility services (link to the grid issues) use of existing data channels that will also be used on in thermal vehicles (ITS, 3G,
WiFi) Final choice of physical layer between vehicle and charging post may have a major
influence on choices made for smart grid (and the “smart home”)
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 21David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
What Will We End Up With (1)?
March 2011, a set of proposals for (at least) which connector/charger standards are needed at European level for: charging from the AC mains with standard voltages
available in Europe charging of the vehicle battery from an external DC
battery charger charging of small electric vehicles such as scooters and
bicycles Information on EMC and electrical safety aspects of these NO proposals for European Standards work unless
specifically justified
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 22David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
What Will We End Up With (2)?
Information on smart-charging, communication and battery standards issues: Maybe less immediately important for interoperability Not even all within the mandate But still there are standards aspects on these Contribution to the longer-term view from our smart grid JWG
A set of recommendations either as to which IEC standards to adopt as European ones, or for selection of options in them for Europe
Possibly also recommendations to regulators – if national legal barriers exist in Europe
© CEN-CENELEC 2010 - 23David DOSSETTElectric Vehicles
Thank You!
Standards will help electric vehicles achieve their potential
www.cen.eu
www.cenelec.eu