Standards for Broadband Access
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Transcript of Standards for Broadband Access
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/standards-for-broadband-access 1/21
NETCOM 21
Standards for Broadband Access
– David R. Smith
– George Washington University Virginia Campus
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/standards-for-broadband-access 2/21
Standards Organizations
• U.S.
– ANSI
– TIA/EIA
– IEEE
• Europe
– ETSI
• International
– ITU
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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Broadband Access Standards
• Wired
– Digital Subscriber Lines
– Cable Modems
– Passive Optical Networks
• Wireless
– Local Area Networks
– Metropolitan Area Networks
– Licensed versus Unlicensed Frequencies
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/standards-for-broadband-access 4/21
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
Standards
• ANSI T1E1 Standard T1.413
– Downstream: Up to 6.144 Mbps
– Upstream: Up to 640 kbps
• ETSI Contribution to ANSI Standard
– Downstream: Up to 8.192 Mbps
– Upstream: Up to 640 kbps
• ITU Standard
– G.992.1: Splittered ADSL
– G.992.2: Splitterless ADSL
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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Cable Modem Standards
• IEEE 802.14 – Initiated in 1994
– Completed in May 1997
– Robust, long-term solution
• Data over Cable System Interface Specification (DOCSIS) – Developed by Multimedia Cable Network System (MCNS)
– DOCSIS 1.0 released in March 1997, 1.1 in March 1999
– Dominates U. S. Market
• Europe – EuroDOCSIS
– DVB/DAVIC
• ITU J.83: All of above plus Japanese standard
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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DOCSIS Downstream
• Modulation: 64 and 256 QAM
• Bandwidth: 6 MHz (8 MHz in Europe)
•
Data Rate: 27 or 36 Mbps• Carrier Frequency: 88 - 860 MHz
• Framing: MPEG-2
• Encryption: DES
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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DOCSIS Upstream
• Modulation: QPSK and 16 QAM
• Bandwidth: 200, 400, 800, 1600, or 3200 kHz
•
Data Rate: 320 kbps to 10.24 Mbps• Carrier Frequency: 5 - 42 MHz
• TDMA or FDMA
• MAC: Request/Grant Mechanism with Downstream
assignment of Upstream Mini-slots• Encryption: DES
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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ATM PON
• ITU-T G.983.1
• Based on specs of Full Service Access Network
consortium
• Provides FTTx for up to 20 km reach
• Data rates
– 155.52 Mbps up and downstream
– 155.52 Mbps upstream and 622.08 Mbps downstream
• Wavelengths (on same fiber)
– 1500 nm downstream
– 1300 nm upstream
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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Frequency Bands for Broadband
Wireless Access
• LICENSED BANDS – MMDS/ITFS: 2.5 – 2.7 GHz
– LMDS: 27.5 – 31.3 GHz
– Cellular design
• UNLICENSED BANDS – 900 – 928 MHz
– 2.4 GHz
– 5 GHz
– Spread spectrum, Limited power
• APPLICATIONS – Licensed Bands: Broadband Wireless Access
– Unlicensed Bands: Wireless LANs and MANs
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802.11b
802.11a802.11
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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2.4 GHz WLAN Applications
10m 30m 60m 100m
2M
0
4M
6M
8M
10M
802.11
PAN
HomeRFBluetooth
802.11
extensions
By Data Rate and Range
Range (meters )
Data Rate (Mbps)
For 2.4GHz WLAN Applications
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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IEEE 802.11a Physical Layer
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless
Access
• 802.16 – 10 to 66 GHz licensed frequencies
– Two main proposals, DOCSIS and non-DOCSIS
• 802.16a – 2 to 10 GHz licensed frequencies
– Six proposals, with OFDM theme
• 802.16b – Wireless High-Data-Rate Unlicensed Metropolitan Area Network
(HUMAN)
– 5 GHz unlicensed band
– Proposals to be based on 802.11, 802.15 and 802.16
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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IEEE 802.16 Physical Layer
• Two modes, A and B
– Mode A: Continuous transmission, FDD only
– Mode B: Burst transmission, FDD and TDD
•
Multiplexing and Access – Downstream
• TDM for continuous transmission
• TDMA for burst transmission
– Upstream: Combination of TDMA and DAMA
• Modulation: QPSK, 8PSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM options
• Coding: R-S and Convolutional Coding
• Bandwidths: 14, 28, and 56 MHz suggested
• Data rates and many other parameters: TBD
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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LOCAL MULTIPOINT
DISTRIBUTION SERVICE (LMDS)
• Total of 1.3 GHz of spectrum allocated between 27.5 and
31.3 GHz
• Fixed broadband wireless applications
• Large bandwidths allow integrated services for video,
voice, and data
• Cellular-like point-to-multipoint architecture
•
Short range due to propagation losses at 30 GHz• Many worldwide trials in place
• FCC conducted auction in early 1998
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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MMDS/ITFS
ITFS – Instructional Television Fixed Service. ITFS is presently aFCC licensed broadband fixed base station wireless one-wayeducational point-to-multipoint television technology.
ITFS presently provides legacy analog 6 MHz video downstreamchannels.
One-way MMDS has been operational since 1978, also known as“wireless cable”
In September 1998 the FCC allowed two way service.
In August 2000 the FCC expanded ITFS to two-way services andallowed wireless operators to combine MMDS and ITFSfrequencies
Total of 33 channels, each 6 MHz, for combined MMDS/ITFS
Smaller bandwidths, less propagation loss than LMDS
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FCC ITFS/MMDS
Spectrum Allocation
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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5 GHz Unlicensed Bands
8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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8/3/2019 Standards for Broadband Access
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Standards Issues
• Expanding set of features
– Improved Security
– Bandwidth on demand
– QoS
– Improved spectrum utilization, including rate adaptation
– Support to multiple bands, multiple carriers, and multiple standards
• Convergence of
– fixed and mobile wireless standards (4G)
– Satellite and terrestrial standards
– Wired and wireless standards