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STANDARDS RELATED TO SURFACE PREPARATION AND PAINTS

Surface cleanliness

ISO 8501 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products – Visual assessment of surface cleanliness

ISO 8501-1 Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and of steel substrates after removal of previous coatings.

Written descriptions and photos of:

Four levels of mill scale and rust: rust grades A, B, C, D

Blast cleaning preparation grades Sa 1, Sa 2, Sa 2½, Sa 3 for the various rust grades

Hand tool and power tool cleaning grades St 2 & St 3 for rust grades B, C & D

Flame cleaning grades Fl for the various rust grades

ISO 8501/Suppl:1994 Informative supplement to part 1: Representative photographic examples of the change of appearance imparted to steel when blast-cleaned with different abrasives

Original steel plate, rust grade C

High carbon cast-steel shot

Steel grit (hardness 390 HV to 530 HV)

Steel grit (hardness 700 HV to 950 HV)

Chilled-iron grit

Copper refinery slag

Coal furnace slag

ISO 8501-2 Preparation grades of previously coated steel surfaces after localized removal of previous coatings

Seven sets of pictures showing typical cases of very thorough localized blast cleaning (P Sa 2) and of localized machine abrading (P Ma)

Blast cleaning: P Sa

Hand & power tool cleaning: P St

Machine abrading: P Ma

ISO 8501-3 Preparation grades of welds, cut edges and other areas with surface imperfection

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P1 Light preparation

P2 Thorough preparation

P3 Very thorough preparation

ISO 8501-4 Preparation grades of coated and uncoated steel substrates after removal of rust and previous coatings by high-pressure water-jetting

This standard is still in progress (not finalized). Photos showing grades DC A, DC B, DC C1, DC C2, DC D.

ISO 8502 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products – Tests for assessment of surface cleanliness

ISO 8502-1 Field test for soluble iron corrosion products

“Swab test” for sampling, followed by indicator paper

ISO 8502-2 Laboratory determination of chloride on cleaned surfaces

Washings sampled from surfaces on site, determine by titration

ISO 8502-3 Assessment of dust on steel surfaces prepared for painting (pressure sensitive tape method)

Sample the dust by means of adhesive tape and compare with pictorial references in the standard

ISO 8502-4 Guidance on the estimation of the probability of condensation prior to paint application

Sling hygrometer

Guidance on the estimation of the probability of condensation on a surface to be painted. May be used to establish whether conditions at the job site area are suitable for painting or not.

ISO 8502-6 Sampling of soluble impurities on surfaces to be painted – The Bresle method

Sampling using distilled water, adhesive patches and syringes

ISO 8502-9 Field method for the conductometric determination of water-soluble salts

Salt concentration determined via conductivity measurement (used together with Bresle sampling)

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Surface roughness

ISO 8503 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products – Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates

Comparator for either grit or for shot

FINE: equal to segment 1 and up to but excluding segment 2 (grit: 25-50 micr. / shot: 25-35 micr.)

MEDIUM: equal to segment 2 and up to but excluding segment 3 (grit: 50-85 micr. / shot: 35-60 micr.)

COARSE: equal to segment 3 and up to but excluding segment 4 (grit: 85-130 micr. / shot: 60-85 micr.)

VERY COARSE: segment 4 and above (grit: above 130 micr. / shot: above 85 micr.)

ISO 8503-1 Specification and definition for ISO surface profile comparators for the assessment of abrasive blast-cleaned surfaces

ISO 8503-2 Method for the grading of surface profile of blast-cleaned steel – Comparator procedure

ISO 8503-3 Method for the calibration of ISO surface profile comparators and for the determination of surface profile – Focusing microscope method

ISO 8503-4 Method for the calibration of ISO surface profile comparators and for determination of surface profile – Stylus instrument method

Preparation methods

ISO 8504 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products – Surface preparation methods

ISO 8504-1 General principles

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ISO 8504-2 Abrasive blast-cleaning

ISO 8504-3 Hand- and power tool cleaning

Describes the principles and methods for the two types of cleaning.

Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems

ISO 12944 Paints and varnishes – Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paints systems

Part 1 General introduction

Introduction to the other parts

Part 2 Classification of environments

C1 very low

C2 low

C3 medium

C4 high

C5I very high (industrial)

C5M very high (marine)

Im1 Immersion in fresh water

Im2 Immersion in sea or brackish water

Im3 buried in soil

Part 3 Design considerations

Corrosion-traps, access, drainage, thermal bridges (risk of condensation), gaps, openings, crevices, sharp edges, notches

Part 4 Types of surfaces and surface preparation

Water / solvent / chemical cleaning

Mechanical / chemical / thermal surface preparation

Preparation grades

Surface profile

Assessment of prepared surface

Temporary protection (shopprimer)

Preparation of existing metal coatings

Part 5 Protective paint systems

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Types of paint

Paint systems

Dry film thickness

Selection of systems for different environment, surface preparation grades and durability

Durability: o Low (L): 2-5 years o Medium (M): 5-15 years o High (H): more than 15 years

Part 6 Laboratory performance test methods

Test methods that are to be used when the performance of the paint system is to be assessed

Part 7 Execution and supervision of paint work

Coating material (supply & storage)

Execution of paint work (application conditions and methods, evaluation before work commences)

Supervision of the paint work (at all stages, qualified & experienced people, test instruments, checking)

Reference areas

Part 8 Development of specifications for new work and maintenance

Definitions

How to develop a spec

Contents

Project spec

Protective paint system spec

Paint work spec

Inspection & assessment spec

Abrasives

ISO 11124 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products – Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives

Part 1 General introduction and classification

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Part 2 Chilled-iron grit

Part 3 High-carbon cast-steel shot and grit

Part 4 Low-carbon cast-steel shot

Part 5 Cut steel wire

ISO 11125 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products – Test methods for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives

Part 1 Sampling

Part 2 Determination of particle size distribution

Part 3 Determination of hardness

Part 4 Determination of apparent density

Part 5 Determination of percentage defective particles and of microstructure

Part 6 Determination of foreign matter

Part 7 Determination of moisture

ISO 11126 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products – Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives

Part 1 General introduction and classification

Part 2 Silica sand

Part 3 Copper refinery slag

Part 4 Coal furnace slag

Part 5 Nickel refinery slag

Part 6 Iron furnace slag

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Part 7 Fused aluminium oxide

Part 8 Olivine sand

Part 9 Staurolite

Part 10 Garnet

ISO 11127 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products – Test methods for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives

Part 1 Sampling

Part 2 Determination of particle size distribution

Part 3 Determination of apparent density

Part 4 Assessment of hardness by a glass slide test

Part 5 Determination of moisture

Part 6 Determination of water-soluble contaminants by conductivity measurement

100 g abrasive + 100 ml water, shake 5 min, stand 1 hour, shake 5 min, conductivity measurement

Part 7 Determination of water-soluble chlorides

Part 8 Determination of abrasive mechanical properties

ASTM D 4940 (Checking the abrasive)

Checking abrasives for salt and oil contamination: 300 ml abrasive + 300 ml water, stir 1 min, stand 8 min, stir 1 min, conductivity measurement & visual for oil

Adhesion

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ISO 2409 Paints and varnishes – Cross cut test

Six parallel cuts, another six more cuts at 90 degree angle, spacing 1 mm / 2 mm / 3 mm (depending on coating thickness & substrate hardness), adhesive tape pull-off, classify in accordance with table in standard

ASTM 3359 Standard test method for: Measuring adhesion by tape test

Test method A: X-cut test (single cross by knife) Test method B: similar to ISO 2409, only recommended up to 125 micr.

ISO 4624 Paint and varnishes: Pull off test for adhesion

Glue on dolly, measure force to pull it off again with pull-off instrument

Holiday detection

ASTM D 5162 Standard recommended practice – Discontinuity (Holiday) testing of non-conductive protective coating on metallic substrates

Test method A: Low voltage wet sponge Test method B: High voltage spark tester

MEK test

ASTM D 4752 Standard test method for: Measuring MEK resistance of ethyl silicate (inorganic) zinc-rich primers by solvent rub

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50 double rubs with white cloth and MEK, smear indicate inadequate curing

Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings

ISO 4628 Paints and varnishes – Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings – Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common type defects

Part 1 General principles and rating schemes

Part 2 Designation of degree of blistering

Part 3 Designation of degree of rusting

Part 4 Designation of degree of cracking

Part 5 Designation of degree of flaking

Part 6 Designation of degree of chalking

Film thickness

ISO 2808 Paint and varnishes – Determination of film thickness

Specifies a number of methods for measuring the thickness of organic coatings, both wet and dry film thickness

ASTM D 4138 Measuring dry film thickness by destructive means

Paint Inspection Gauge (PIG)