STANDARDIZATIONSIMPLIFICATIONSPECIALIZATION

BY-:SAMPREET SINGH

400807025

INTRODUCTIONThe 3’s refer to standardization , simplification and specialization three related which are at the roof of any economic analysis of product design.The three process are usually linked together and develop as a logical sequence. From a wide range of requirement it is first necessary to sort out the essential features ,define terms and then scientific manner the minimum variety required , to meet these essentials.The process of simplification can be carried out with a view to reducing the variety of products or materials that are produced or purchased.This is both an economic and engineering process . Specialization is one of its natural outcomes.

STANDARDIZATION

THE PROCESS OF DEFINING AND APPLYING THE “CONDITIONS”TO

ENSURE THAT A GIVEN RANGE OF REQUIREMENTS CAN NORMALLY BE MET WITH A MINIMUM OF VARIETY

AND IN REPRODUCIBLE AND ECOOMIC MANNER ON THE BASIS OF THE BEST

TECHNIQUES

EXAMPLES1. PISTON INDUSTRY- Standard sizes of

piston are produced for different products . Like federal mougal is producing piston for many industries like maruti , ssangyong as well as the large scale manufacturers like bmw etc.

2. NUT &BOLT INDUSTRY- standard nut and bolts are produced so that they can be easily available in market in case of requirement .

STANDARDIZATION PROCEDURE

Step involved1. With the help of market research ,sales statistics,

etc decides what to sell in future .2. Then , define a standard range of products.3. From the range , ask the designer to develop

minimum variety of component to match the range .

Classification of materials and components parts Classification aims at , systematically

grouping item ,together by their common feature and subdividing them by their features .

A system of classification and coding is necessary for the design of new products within a range defined.

Classification procedure 1. Define all terms .2. Classify each item according to its basic

characteristics .3. Identify each item by allocating to it some

meaningful code number.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

DESIGN DEPARTMENT

MANUFACTURING DEPARTMENT

MARKETING DEPARTMENT

PRODUCTION PLANNING SECTION

PRODUCTION CONTROL DEPARTMENT

REDUCTION OF CHOICES

LESS FLEXIBILITY SMALL RANGESOBSTACLE TO

PROGRESS

SIMPLIFICATION•IT IS KNOWN FOR VARIETY REDUCTION.•IT MAKES A PROCESS MUCH SIMPLE.•THE AVAILABILITY OF SUITABLE STANDARDS ASSISTS IN SIMPLIFICATION .

FEATURESSimplification is a constant source of disagreement between the market department and the production personal .Simplification removes the superfluous . It decreases variety for sizes, for example a garment factory making tea shirts sizes 16 ,161/4,163/4,1 etc.

VARIETY REDUCTIONVariety reduction consists in identifying the

exist variety and then removing unnecessary items from the system

Classification and coding

ADVANTAGES•IMPROVE QUALITY • QUICK DELIVERY•BETTER AFTER SALE SERVICES•REDUCES PRICE•ELIMINATE ORDINARY QUEUES•REDUCE REQUIRED TECHNICAL PERSONEL•SIMPLIFY INSPECTION AN D CONTROL•SAVE STORAGE SPACE

SPECIALIZATION•NATURAL OUTCOME OF SIMPLIFICATION AND STANDADIZATION•IT MEANS CONCENTRATING EFFORT ON A PARTICULAR FIELD OF ACTION

CHARACTERSTICSSpecialization as applied to human activities on

shop floor can be defined as “division of labour”.Division of labour is defined as measure taken to

decide the different workers according to their to the task they performed and all are very skilled as well as experienced.

A set of labour only perform certain set operations instead of completing the full products.

Like teacher are specialized in their subject hey teach.

Doctors are also specialized I these days like neurologist, cardiologist etc.

ADVANTAGES LIMITATIONSWORKER ACHIEVE

A HIGH STATE AND PROFICIENCY

SMALLER TIME TO COMPLETE THE ACTIVITY

RAISE THEIR SALARIES

SPECIALIZED LABOUR AND EQUIPMENT ARE NOT FLEXIBLE

MONOTONICITY

THANKS