Standard Operation Issue No 01 Procedure...4.15 Elevator trim stall 4.16 Cross-control stall: 4.17...

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Section1: General Sub-Section 1.1:Preamble Page: 1 of 26

This document belongs to ‏Parsis Aviation Training Center. It must not be communicated to third parties or reproduced without prior authorization

1.1 Preamble relating to use and authority of the manual

We pride ourselves in providing the highest quality pilot training available. We have created our

own syllabi for all certificates and ratings from our personal experiences and knowledge. Our

structured and professional approach allows you to earn your pilot certificate or rating in the most

time efficient and cost effective manner with the quality you expect from a Professional Flight

School.

Parsis Aviation Training Center is not your typical Pilot Mill flight school. We cater to those who are

serious about their Pilot Training and want Professional Flight Instruction.

Under the provisions of ICAO and CAO .IRI, it is the responsibility of the Aviation Training

Organization to develop a training program in order to enhance safety and standardization.

This Manual which is provided by PARSIS AVIATION TRAINING CENTER (PATC) ,when is

implemented ,fulfills the requirements of a standardization of operating procedures.

The standard operation procedure Manual lists curricula for the various categories of operational

tasks and duty positions.

Purpose of manual

The primary purpose of SOP is to identify and describe the standard tasks and duties

(considering the who – does – what – and – when and, standard call outs) in each phase of flight,

to promote the safety and to achieve consistently safe flight operations through adherence to

SOPs.

This SOP has been written for all Students, Flight Instructors and Employees. The purpose of the

SOP is to describe specific PATC operating policies and procedures relating to the Students

during their training and employees. It is very important that everyone read and understand this

Manual.

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) are universally recognized as basic, to safe aviation

operations. Effective crew coordination and crew performance, two central concepts of crew

resource management (CRM), depend upon the crew’s having a shared mental model of each

task. That mental model, in turn, is founded on SOPs.

In another word, CRM is not effective without adherence to the SOPs.

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All items are listed in a sequence following a standardized scan of the cockpit panels, except

when required by the logic of actions priority, to ensure that all actions are performed in the most

efficient way.

All SOPs are subject to updating based on operational experience from the manufacturer and all

operators. (A safety culture is promoting continuous feedback from the flight crew)

Updating of the SOP may be communicated by Temporary Revisions as ―pilot information folder"

(PIF) if fast dispatch is required or otherwise at the time of the next POH revision.

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Section1: General Sub-Section1.2:Table of Content Page: 3 of 21


1.2 Table of content

Section 1: General

1.1 Preamble relating to use and authority of the manual

1.2 Table of content

1.3 Amendment, revision and distribution

b. Records of revisions

a. Procedure for Amendment

c. Distribution list:

d. list of Effective Page

1.4 Glossary of significant terms and definitions

Section 2:Policy

2.1 Operation policies

2.1.1 Acceptable Behavior

2.1.2 Company Morale

2.1.3 Illness

2.1.4 Harassment

2.1.5 Smoking

2.1.6 Flight holds

a-Financial Hold

b-Operational Hold

c-Mishap Hold

d-Medical Hold

2.1.7 No show policy

2.1.8 Schedule

2.1.9 General Flight Restrictions

2.1.10 Duty Limitation

2.1.10.1 Rest Period

2.1.10.2 Duty Period

2.1.10.3 Flight Instructor

2.1.10.4 Student

2.1.11 Weather and Fuel Minima

2.1.11.1 Thunderstorm policy

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2.1.11.2 The weather condition for Piper-28

2.1.11.3 The weather condition for Tecnam

2.1.11.4 Fuel Reserve

2.1.12 Flight grading

2.2 Responsibility

2.2.1 Flight Instructors

2.2.2 Required Items

2.2.3 Student Preparation

2.2.4 Operation authorization

2.2.5 Dispatch authorization

2.2.6 Fill up the ATL

2.3 Safety

2.3.1 Purpose

2.3.2 Philosophy

2.3.4 Reporting Accidents and Incidents

2.3.5 Safety Report

2.3.6 Reasons for filing safety reports include:

2.3.7 Pilots ―I’M SAFE‖ Checklist

Section 3: Ground Procedures

3.1 Flight preparation

3.1.1Checklist

3.1.2 Preflight

3.1.3 Engine start

3.1.4 Propeller Safety

3.1.5 Fuel selector selection procedures for Piper-28

3.1.6 Fuel selector selection procedures for Tecnam

3.1.7 Breaks check

3.1.8 Taxi

3.1.8.1 Taxi in Windy condition

3.1.9 Taxi check

3.1.10 Briefing

3.1.10.1 Take off briefing

3.1.10.2 Approach briefing

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3.1.11 Before takeoff checks

Section 4:Flight Procedures

4.1 Standard call-out

4.1.1 Cruise check

4.2 Normal Take-Off

4.2.1 Take-Off with 0 degree Flaps

4.2.2 Cross wind take off

4.3 Short field take off

4.4 Soft field take off

4.5 Four Basic (fundamental) Maneuvers

4.6 Traffic pattern

4.7 Training areas

4.8 Clearing turn

4.8.1 Pre maneuver & post maneuver check

4.9 Slow flight

4.10 Steep turn

4.11 Power ON stall

4.12 Power OFF Stall (Approach to Land Stall)

4.13 Accelerated stall

4.14 Secondary stall

4.15 Elevator trim stall

4.16 Cross-control stall:

4.17 Rectangular Course

4.18 Turns around a point

4.19 S-Turn across a road

4.20 Unusual Attitude (upset) recovery

4.21 Normal Landing

4.22 Soft field landing

4.23 Short field landing

4.24 No flap landing

4.25 Forward slip to landing

4.26 Side slip to landing:

4.27 Simulated Force landing

4.28 Cross wind Landing

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4.28.1 Crab Method

4.28.2 Low Wing Method

4.29 Table of airspeed and flap setting

4.30 Cross country Flights

4.30.1 Formation Flight

4.31 Tracking VOR radial

4.32 Intercepting VOR radials

4.33 Tracking NDB bearing

4.34 Intercepting NDB bearing

4.35 Intercepting and tracking DME arcs

4.36 Holding procedure

4.37 Non-precision approach

4.38 Precision ILS approach

4.39 Missed approach procedure

4.40 Circle to land approach procedure

Section 5:Abnormal and Emergency Procedure

5.1 Radio failure

5.1.1 Radio failure during local flight

5.1.2 Radio failure during formation flight

5.2 Emergency procedures

5.2.1 PIC Emergency Authority

5.2.2 Bird Strikes

5.2.3 Pilot Incapacitation

5.2.4 Medical Emergency

5.2.5 Aircraft fires on the ground

5.2.6 Aircraft fires in flight

5.2.7 Icing conditions

5.2.8 Lost procedure

5.2.9 Emergency Descend

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1.3 Amendment, revision and distribution

a. Procedure for Amendment

Training Manager and quality assurance are responsible for the control of contents of

the PATC standard operation procedure Manual and also responsible for the issuance

of individual volumes and for ensuring that appropriate amendments are dispatched to

the holders of volumes. This task may obviously be delegated to another person or

unit to do and reporting to the executive.

Amendments, revisions and additions to the manual must be prepared by the

executive responsible for the manual and shall be approved by IRI-CAO.

Amendments to the standard operation procedure Manual must be produced as new

or replacement pages. Hand written amendments are generally not acceptable.

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b. Records of revisions

EditionNo. Revision No. Issue Date

1 00 January 2016

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c. Distribution list:

Manual Copy No. Holder / Organization Format Number of Copies

01 Operation Training Supervisor -Master Copy 1

02 CAO.IRI 1

03 Accountable Manager 1

04 Training Manager & CGI 1

05 Chief Flight Instructor 1

06 Safety Manager 1

07 Quality Assurance Manager 1

08 Dispatch 1

09 Flight Instructors Each

10 Students Each

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d. list of Effective Page

Section Page Rev. Date

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1.4 GLOSSARY OF SIGNIFICANT TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

Abbreviate Meaning

AFI Authorized Flight Instructor

AFII Authorized Flight Instrument Instructor

AM Accountable Manager

ATO Approved Training Organization

ATPL Air Transport Pilot License

CAO.IRI The Civil Aviation Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran

CFI Chief Flight Instructor

CGI Chief Ground Instructor

CPL Commercial Pilot License

IR Instrument Rating

PATC Parsis Aviation Training Center

PIF Pilot Information Folder

POH Pilot Operating Handbook

PPL Private pilot license

QA Quality Assurance

SFI Synthetic Flight Instructor

SM Safety Manager

SMM Safety Management Manual

SOP Standard Operational Procedures

TIBA Traffic Information Broadcast by Aircraft

TM Training Manager

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Accident. An occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place

between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as

all such persons have disembarked, in which:

a) a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of:

— being in the aircraft, or

— direct contact with any part of the aircraft, including parts which have become

detached from the aircraft, or

— direct exposure to jet blast,

except when the injuries are from natural causes, self inflicted or inflicted by other persons,

or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the

passengers and crew; or

b) the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which:

— adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics of the

aircraft, and

— would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component,

except for engine failure or damage, when the damage is limited to the engine, its cowlings

or accessories; or for damage limited to propellers, wing tips, antennas, tires, brakes,

fairings, small dents or puncture holes in the aircraft skin; or

c) the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible.

Note 1.— For statistical uniformity only, an injury resulting in death within thirty days of

the date of the accident is classified as a fatal injury by ICAO.

Note 2.— An aircraft is considered to be missing when the official search has been

terminated and the wreckage has not been located.

Acrobatic flight. Maneuvers intentionally performed by an aircraft involving an abrupt change

in its attitude, an abnormal attitude, or an abnormal variation in speed.

Aerodrome. A defined area on land or water (including any buildings, installations and

equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface

movement of aircraft.

Aerodrome control service. Air traffic control service for aerodrome traffic.

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Aerodrome control tower. A unit established to provide air traffic control service to

aerodrome traffic.

Aerodrome traffic. All traffic on the maneuvering area of an aerodrome and all aircraft flying

in the vicinity of an aerodrome.

Note.— An aircraft is in the vicinity of an aerodrome when it is in, entering or leaving

aerodrome traffic circuit.

Aerodrome traffic zone. An airspace of defined dimensions established around an

aerodrome for the protection of aerodrome traffic.

Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP). A publication issued by or with the authority

of a State and containing aeronautical information of a lasting character essential to air

navigation.

Aeroplane. A power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly from

aerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed under given conditions of flight.

Aircraft operating manual. A manual, acceptable to the State of the Operator, containing

normal, abnormal and emergency procedures, checklists, limitations, performance

information, details of the aircraft systems and other material relevant to the operation of the

aircraft.

Airman ship The consistent use of good judgments and well-developed knowledge, skills and

attitudes to accomplish flight objectives.

Air traffic control service. A service provided for the purpose of:

a) preventing collisions:

1) between aircraft, and

2) on the maneuvering area between aircraft and obstructions, and

b) expediting and maintaining an orderly flow of air traffic.

Air traffic control unit. A generic term meaning variously, area control centre, approach

control unit or aerodrome control tower.

Air traffic service. A generic term meaning variously, flight information service, alerting

service, air traffic advisory service, air traffic control service (area control service, approach

control service or aerodrome control service).

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Air traffic services airspaces. Airspaces of defined dimensions, alphabetically designated,

within which specific types of flights may operate and for which air traffic services and rules of

operation are specified.

Note.— ATS airspaces are classified as Class A to G.

Air traffic services reporting office. A unit established for the purpose of receiving reports

concerning air traffic services and flight plans submitted before departure.

Note.— An air traffic services reporting office may be established as a separate unit

or combined with an existing unit, such as another air traffic services unit, or a unit of the

aeronautical information service.

Air traffic services unit. A generic term meaning variously, air traffic control unit, flight

information centre or air traffic services reporting office..

Alternate aerodrome. An aerodrome to which an aircraft may proceed when it becomes

either impossible or inadvisable to proceed to or to land at the aerodrome of intended landing

Altitude. The vertical distance of a level, a point or an object considered as a point, measured

from mean sea level (MSL).

Approach control service. Air traffic control service for arriving or departing controlled

flights

Approach control unit. A unit established to provide air traffic control service to controlled

flights arriving at, or departing from, one or more aerodromes.

Appropriate ATS authority. The relevant authority designated by the State responsible for

providing air traffic services in the airspace concerned.

Apron. A defined area, on a land aerodrome, intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes

of loading or unloading passengers, mail or cargo, fuelling, parking or maintenance.

Area control centre. A unit established to provide air traffic control service to controlled flights

in control areas under its jurisdiction.

Area control service. Air traffic control service for controlled flights in control areas.

Audit. A systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining evidence and

evaluating it objectively to determine the extent to which requirements are complied with.

Block to block time. The time an airplane first moves for the purpose of taking off until it

finally stops at the end of the flight.

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Ceiling. The height above the ground or water of the base of the lowest layer of cloud below 6

000 meters (20 000 feet) covering more than half the sky.

Clearance limit. The point to which an aircraft is granted an air traffic control clearance.

Control area. A controlled airspace extending upwards from a specified limit above the earth.

Controlled aerodrome. An aerodrome at which air traffic control service is provided to

aerodrome traffic.

Note.— The term ―controlled aerodrome‖ indicates that air traffic control service is provided to

aerodrome traffic but does not necessarily imply that a control zone exists.

Controlled airspace. An airspace of defined dimensions within which air traffic control service

is provided in accordance with the airspace classification

Note.— Controlled airspace is a generic term which covers ATS airspace Classes A, B, C, D and

E as described in Annex 11, 2.6.

Controlled flight. Any flight which is subject to an air traffic control clearance.

Control zone. A controlled airspace extending upwards from the surface of the earth to a

specified upper limit.

Crew member. A person assigned by an operator to duty on an aircraft during a flight duty

period.

Cross country flight.: A cross-country flight is a flight that proceed more than 30 NM from

home base

Cruise climb. An airplane cruising technique resulting in a net increase in altitude as the

airplane mass decreases.

Cruising level. A level maintained during a significant portion of a flight.

Current flight plan. The flight plan, including changes, if any, brought about by

subsequent clearances.

Danger area. An airspace of defined dimensions within which activities dangerous to the flight

of aircraft may exist at specified times.

Dual instruction time. Flight time during which a person is receiving flight instruction from a

properly authorized pilot on board the aircraft.

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Duty. Any task that flight or cabin crew members are required by the operator to perform,

including, for example, flight duty, administrative work, training, positioning and standby when

it is likely to induce fatigue.

Duty period. A period which starts when a flight or cabin crew member is required by an

operator to report for or to commence a duty and ends when that person is free from all duties.

its define 1 hour before first flight and end 1 hour after last flight

Emergency locator transmitter (ELT). A generic term describing equipment which broadcast

distinctive signals on designated frequencies and, depending on application, may be

automatically activated by impact or be manually activated. An ELT may be any of the

following:

Estimated off-block time. The estimated time at which the aircraft will commence

movement associated with departure.

Estimated time of arrival.. For VFR flights, the time at which it is estimated that the aircraft

will arrive over the aerodrome.

Filed flight plan. The flight plan as filed with an ATS unit by the pilot or a designated

representative, without any subsequent changes.

Flight crew member. A licensed crew member charged with duties essential to the operation

of an aircraft during a flight duty period.

Flight information centre. A unit established to provide flight information service and alerting

service.

Flight information region. An airspace of defined dimensions within which flight information

service and alerting service are provided.

Flight information service. A service provided for the purpose of giving advice and

information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights.

Flight dispatcher. A person designated by the operator to engage in the control and

supervision of flight operations, whether licensed or not, suitably qualified in accordance with

Annex 1, who supports, briefs and/or assists the pilot-in-command in the safe conduct of the

flight.

Flight plan. Specified information provided to air traffic services units, relative to an intended

flight or portion of a flight of an aircraft.

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Flight time — airplanes. The total time from the moment an airplane first moves for

the purpose of taking off until the moment it finally comes to rest at the end of the flight.

Note.— Flight time as here defined is synonymous with the term ―block to block‖ time or

―chock to chock‖ time in general usage which is measured from the time an airplane first

moves for the purpose of taking off until it finally stops at the end of the flight.

Flight visibility. The visibility forward from the cockpit of an aircraft in flight.

Ground visibility. The visibility at an aerodrome as reported by an accredited observer or by

automatic systems.

Heading. The direction in which the longitudinal axis of an aircraft is pointed, usually

expressed in degrees from North (true, magnetic, compass or grid).

Height. The vertical distance of a level, a point or an object considered as a point, measured

from a specified datum.

Home base. The place nominated by the operator to the crewmember from where the

crewmember normally starts and ends a duty period or a series of duty periods and at which

place -under normal conditions-the operator is not responsible for the accommodation of the

crewmember concerned.

Human Factors principles. Principles which apply to aeronautical design, certification,

training, operations and maintenance and which seek safe interface between the human and

other system components by proper consideration to human performance.

Human performance. Human capabilities and limitations which have an impact on the safety

and efficiency of aeronautical operations.

Incident. An occurrence, other than an accident, associated with the operation of an

aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation

Note.— The types of incidents which are of main interest to the International Civil Aviation

Organization for accident prevention studies are listed in the Accident/Incident Reporting

Manual (Doc 9156).

Inspection. An independent documented conformity evaluation by observation and judgement

accompanied as appropriate by measurement, testing or gauging, in order to verify compliance

with applicable requirements.

Maneuvering area. That part of an aerodrome to be used for the take-off, landing and taxiing

of aircraft, excluding aprons.

Maximum mass. Maximum certificated take-off mass.

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Movement area. That part of an aerodrome to be used for the take-off, landing and taxiing of

aircraft, consisting of the maneuvering area and the apron(s).

Night. The hours between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil

twilight or such other period between sunset and sunrise, as may be prescribed by the

appropriate authority.

Note: Civil twilight ends in the evening when the centre of the sun’s disc is 6 degrees below

the horizon and begins in the morning when the centre of the sun’s disc is 6 degrees below

the horizon.

Observation. An observation indicates that a situation has been discovered during an audit

warranting clarification or further investigation in order to improve the overall status and

effectiveness of the ATO. Observations do not involve situations where there is direct

evidence indicating nonconformance. Observations may signal the potential for a future

nonconformit

Off block. Is the time that the aircraft first moves under its own power for the purpose of

taking off.

On block. Is the time, after landing, when the aircraft comes to rest at the end of the flight.

Operational flight plan. The operator’s plan for the safe conduct of the flight based on

considerations of airplane performance, other operating limitations and relevant expected

conditions on the route to be followed and at the aerodromes concerned.

Pilot-in-command. The pilot designated by the operator, or in the case of general aviation,

the owner, as being in command and charged with the safe conduct of a flight.

Pressure-altitude. An atmospheric pressure expressed in terms of altitude which corresponds

to that pressure in the Standard Atmosphere.

Preventive action. Preventive actions are steps that are taken to remove the causes of

potential nonconformities or potential situations that are undesirable. The preventive action

process is designed to prevent the occurrence of nonconformities or situations that do not yet

exist. It tries to prevent occurrence by eliminating causes.

While corrective actions prevent recurrence, preventive actions prevent occurrence. Both types

of actions are intended to prevent nonconformities.

Preventive actions address potential problems, ones that haven't yet occurred. In general, the

preventive action process can be thought of as a risk analysis process.

Prohibited area. An airspace of defined dimensions, above the land areas or territorial waters

of a State, within which the flight of aircraft is prohibited.

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Psychoactive substances. Alcohol, opioids, cannabinoids, sedatives and hypnotics, cocaine,

other psycho stimulants, hallucinogens, and volatile solvents, whereas coffee and tobacco are

excluded.

Radiotelephony. A form of radio communication primarily intended for the exchange of

information in the form of speech.

Rest period. A continuous and defined period of time, subsequent to and/or prior to duty,

during which flight or cabin crew members are free of all duties

Restricted area. An airspace of defined dimensions, above the land areas or territorial waters

of a State, within which the flight of aircraft is restricted in accordance with certain specified

conditions.

Runway. A defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the landing and take-

off of aircraft.

Runway-holding position. A designated position intended to protect a runway, an obstacle

limitation surface, or an ILS/ MLS critical/sensitive area at which taxiing aircraft and vehicles

shall stop and hold, unless otherwise authorized by the aerodrome control tower.

Note.— In radiotelephony phraseologies, the expression ―holding point‖ is used to designate

the runway-holding position.

Safe forced landing. Unavoidable landing or ditching with a reasonable expectancy of no

injuries to persons in the aircraft or on the surface.

Safety management system. A systematic approach to managing safety, including the

necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.

Safety program. An integrated set of regulations and activities aimed at improving safety.

Solo flight time. Flight time during which a student pilot is the sole occupant of an aircraft.

Special VFR flight. A VFR flight cleared by air traffic control to operate within a control zone

in meteorological visibility below 5000 meters but not less than 2000 meters.

Stand by. A period of time in which a crewmember has not been assigned to any duty but

is required to be in contact to receive an assignment for duty. Standby is neither duty, nor time

free of duty.

State of Registry. The State on whose register the aircraft is entered.

Suitable resting accommodation. A comfortable resting area not open to public, which is

environmentally conductive to rest, which contains a comfortable chair and at which the flight

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crew member has access to sustenance at times appropriate to the flight duty

requirements.

Taxiing. Movement of an aircraft on the surface of an aerodrome under its own power,

excluding take-off and landing.

Taxiway. A defined path on a land aerodrome established for the taxiing of aircraft and

intended to provide a link between one part of the aerodrome and another, including:

Third person. Is a person that can be on backseat of training aero plane for the purpose of

inspection, examination, training or observation.

Terminal control area. A control area normally established at the confluence of ATS routes in

the vicinity of one or more major aerodromes.

Total estimated elapsed time..For VFR flights, the estimated time required from take-off to

arrive over the destination aerodrome.

Track. The projection on the earth’s surface of the path of an aircraft, the direction of which

path at any point is usually expressed in degrees from North (true, magnetic or grid).

Traffic avoidance advice. Advice provided by an air traffic services unit specifying

maneuvers to assist a pilot to avoid a collision.

Traffic information. Information issued by an air traffic services unit to alert a pilot to

other known or observed air traffic which may be in proximity to the position or intended route

of flight and to help the pilot avoid a collision.

Transition altitude. The altitude at or below which the vertical position of an aircraft is

controlled by reference to altitudes.

VFR. The symbol used to designate the visual flight rules.

VFR flight. A flight conducted in accordance with the visual flight rules.

Visual meteorological conditions. Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of

visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling, equal to or better than specified minima.

VMC. The symbol used to designate visual meteorological condition

Standard Operation

Procedure

Issue No 01

Revision 00

January 2016



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Standard Operation Issue No 01 Procedure...4.15 Elevator trim stall 4.16 Cross-control stall: 4.17...

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Transcript of Standard Operation Issue No 01 Procedure...4.15 Elevator trim stall 4.16 Cross-control stall: 4.17...