standard first aid

STANDARD FIRST AID - SESSION I

SESSION I saGrPoiEnocic€sociErY

THEORY

' Introduc'tion to first aid

' Emergency action plan

' Recovery position

' Firct ald klt

' Use of triangular bandage

. Mdeo

Examination of casuaity, yihl signs &oHaini4 history.

' Demo and practical

Inhoduction to tdangular bandage. Folding, stodng, ging. lb ures as bandages, slings, pErssure

& ring pad. Uses of large am sling & elevation sling

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INTRODUCTION TO FIRST AID

1. What ls Flrst Ad?

Fist aid is immedlate help glven to an injurcd

penon orlo r peron who has suddenly hken ill

beforc medical aid (an ambulance, doctorordher

apprcpdately qualifi ed pesonf anives.


2. Ams of First Ald

The three aims of First Ald are to

' Preserve lifel save life

' Prevent the condition frorn worceningo Promote recovery

TO FIRST AD SIGAFOiE iE CR(}SS SOCIEIY

3. Role of first aider

The role of the frst aider is to

' Sustain life

' Obeewe casualty

' Get help

' Organise care

TO FIRST AID 9IGAPOflERE!'CROSSSOCEIY

4. Take note

' Your knowledge and skills havelimitations

' Your responslbilitles begin when youarriw atthe scene and contlnue untilmedlcal aid arrlws or the casualtyrecoven'

' ldentify yourself, get permission to givecare, and explain the help to be given

t Make sure you practice what you havebeen taught


5. Knowthe dangerc

' Use disposable gloves toform a barrier

t Coveropenwounds

' Wherever possible, use amouth-to- barrier devicewhen doing rescuebreathing.

stG PofiE RED CR06S SOCt€lY

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EMERGENCYACTION PLAN

1. Checkthescene

2. Call for help

3. Gheck and care for the casualty

. Do primary survey

. Do secondary survey

EMERGENCY ACTIOTiI PLAN

1. GheckThe Scene

(a) lstherc anydangerto yout

t Water-drouning

' Road 0allic acctdatt- nnving vdriclest Constvctiq site-hlling oblects,

moYtng Yen,ctes

' llanhole-poisonousgases

RED CROSS TRAINING CENTRE

Bring the sides to thefront

Fold in alittle atforehead

Tie a knot at the centerof forehead

Brings the bandageto the back

Pull down the Apex tosecure the padding

Cross the bandageabove the Apex

Fold up the Apex andtuck it in

SCALP IHEAD BANDAGEffigS= frrfi@,fA# sgruffi€*)*

Place a pressure pad


Put padding and

start the broad

bandage at the back

of the victim

Secure the pad on theother end, to keep the

dressing in place

Tie the knot on theopposite of the

injuries

Side View

(ONE} EYE BANDAGEtr/A*fr * A,ki* ( -esR.


Use a broad bandageto secure the padding

sF-*p w)

Cross the bandage

beneath the armpit

NECK BANDAGEffi*t5ffifit

Secure one side of the pad

Place a padding

Tie a knot on the arm


Bring it across to theforehead and tie theknot on the opposite

side of the injury

Place the broad

bandage on theopposite of the cheek

Place one end of thebandage on the top of the

crown, while the otherend to secure the pad

Tuck in a little at thechest and bring bothends to the back of

the victim

Ask victim to placehand on the padding

to apply pressure

Same side of theinjury, do a twist

Open up the broad bandageto support the pad

Tuck in the bandageto secure the pad

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i*RED CROSS TRAINING CENTRE

Place a padding

Secure the long endof the bandage to the

Apex

Use another bandrB€,place the Apex on thesame side as the pad

View of a completeChest Dressing

Secure one end of thebandage

Apply Elevation slingto secure the handover pad to apply

direct pressure

CHEST BANDAGE"f #r zfr + 6r?r i*

CHEEKIJAWBANDAGE

Eaffi (

Fi*. =fr


Place a padding

Secure round thewrist region and tie aknot facing the palm

Place a padding

Place victim's palmon the base of the

triangular bandage

Pull the Apex tosecure the pad

Fold Apex towardsthe base of the

bandage

Tuck in the Apex

Cross both sides ofthe bandage above

the Apex

Apply Elevation sling

Cross over and bringit to the top of the

pad

Secure the elbowbandage with Open

Arm Sling

PALM BANDAGE+F=fr f * ,Hi*


Tie a knot above thepad

Place anothertriangular bandage

over the pad

FoId in the Apex andtuck it in

Fold in the bandageand bring it to the

back

Elbow Bandage

ELBOW BANDAGE(Able to Bend)E-t€F6Efi*" zn'rr a,xi*


Place the triangularbandage against the

chest with Apextowards the elbow

Bring the other endof the bandage to the

other shoulder

Secure the sling with aknot on the opposite

side of the injury

Twist the end tosecure the elbow

region

Immobilize the OpenArm Sling with abroad bandage toprevent movement

DISLOCATION OF SHOULDER(oPEN ARM SLING)

FHtrSHHITRED CROSS TRAINING CENTRE

Apply an Open Arm Sling andimmobilize it with two broad

bandages :

I - below the Fracture

I - above the Fracture

FRACTURESITE

FRACTURE UPPER ARM-t€€Etfr


Place a splint on the

injured site Secure the splint with a narrory bandage

FRACTURE WRIST ILOV\IER ARM(wrrH SPLINT)

:€'{H E€*fr

Immobilize thefracture with aBroad Bandage


SPLII{TLESSMETHOD

Tuck in the rest ofthe bandage

Place the arm on the

uninjured site

Do a fold to secure

the elbow region

Place a Triangularbandage on the

elevated arm, withApex towards the

elbow

Tuck in the handfirst

Bring the rest to the back of victim andsecure a knot and a immobilization

COLLARBONE FRACTURE

OPEN ARM SLINGATID

IMMOBILISATTONWITHOUT USING

A SPLINT

Twist at the elbow region

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Place a pad over theaffected finger

Do a fold to securethe elbow region

Elevate the affectedarm

Tuck in the handfirst

Tuck in the rest ofthe bandage

Place a 3rd Broad Bandage

around the wrist region

Bring the rest to the back of victim andsecure a knot and a immobilization

FRACTURE FINGERS+{a,/#H#ilffitft

Place a BroadBandage across the

chest


Place r 2nd BroadBandage below the

elbow

ELBOW FRACTURE (UNABLE TO BEND),lF,F Etfr ( [$g$TBgtrS )


Twist at the elbow region

ROLLER BANDAGING

Using Crepe Bandage

on awound1. Apply ing

STEP 1

1 . Place tai lof bandage below wound 1. Working from the inside of the l imboutwards, make 2 straight turns withhead of the bandage to anchor it inplace.

STEP 4

1. Finish with overlapping turns in a spiralmethod.

STEP 5

1. Cover two thirds of the previous turn.

SINGAPORE RED CROSS SOCIETY / Rctc 2006 lDiana I ong/ De Souza

STEP 2

STEP 3

STEP 1

2. HAND / FOOT ( for holding dressing or supporting sprains )

1. Place tai l on inside of wr ist andmake two straight turns over wrist.

1. Take the bandage across the backof the f ingers so that the upperedge touches the base of the nailof the little finger.

2. Br ing the bandage diagonal lyacross the injured palm.

1. From the thumb side of the wrist ,take the bandage diagonal lyacross the injured palm so thattop edge of the bandage touchesthe base of the nail of the indexfinger.

STEP 4

1. Repeat the process and cover twothirds.

Make two straight turns across wrist.

SINGAPORE RED CROSS SOCIETY / Rctc 2006 lDiana / Ong/ De Souza

STEP 2

STEP 3

STEP 5

3. ELBOW

STEP 1

1. Support in jured l imb with elbowsl ight ly f lexed.

2. Place tai l of bandage on inside ofelbow and wind the bandage aroundthe joint twice.

STEP 3

1. Move the head diagonal ly f rom theinside of the elbow to above the joint.

( for holding dressing or supporting sprains )

1. Move the head of the bandage belowthe joint.

1 . Repeat diagonal turns, in a f igure-of-eight, covering two thirds and endingoff with two straight turns above thejoint.

KNEE ( for holding dressing or supporting sprains ).Same as elbow

4.

STEP 2

STEP 4

SINGAPORE RED CROSS SOCIETY / Rctc 2006 lDiana / One / De Souza

5. EYE

STEP 1

1. Place tai l of bandage on the side ofinjured eye and make two straight turnaround forehead.

STEP 3

STEP 2

1. Move head of bandage below ear.

STEP 4

1. Move bandage across cheek to coverinjured eye.

1. Moving across the head

STEP 5

1. Repeat steps t i l l bandage is f in ished.

SINGAPORE RED CROSS SOCIETY / Rctc 2006lDiana I Ongl De Souza

6. SHOULDER

STEP 1

1. Place bandage on theupper arm against the pad

STEP 3

1. Move head of bandage diagonal ly tothe back of the victim.

STEP 5

STEP 2

1. Make two turns around the upper arm.

STEP 4

1. Bring the head of bandage to theFront of the chest.

STEP 6

1. Go two rounds to keep thedressing in place.

SINGAPORE RED CROSS SOCIETY / Rctc 20t06 lDiana / Ong / De Souza

7. HEAD

STEP 1

1 . Secure the pad at the top of the head

l.Twist at the side of the tai l and bringit across the back of the head.

1. Move the head of thebandage round the face to theend of the tai l .

STEP 4

STEP 2

1 . From the back of the head,Secure across the forehead.

1. Go two rounds to keep thedressing in place and tie a knot atthe side of the forehead.

THE HEAD BANDAGE CAN BEUSE FOR WOUNDS ANY WHEREON THE SCALP.

STEP 3

STEP 5

SINGAPORE RED CROSS SOCIETY / Rctc 2006 lDiana I Ong/ De Souza

standard first aid

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