Stalin

Soviet UnionCHY4U

Joseph Stalin

PBS, World War II Behind Closed Doors, Joseph Stalin, N.d., http://www.pbs.org/behindcloseddoors/biographies/stalin.html (May 27, 2013).

Collectivization

• Agricultural Policy– Peasants– Kulaks (‘rich’ peasants)– Kolkhoz

Russiapedia, Kolkhoz, 2005-2011, http://russiapedia.rt.com/of-russian-origin/kolkhoz/ (May 27, 2013).

Happy collective farmers, according to Soviet art, 1930

Collective farmers picking tomatoes outside Moscow.

Yale University, Annals of Communism, Stalinism as a Way of Life: A Narrative in Documents, N.d., http://www.yale.edu/annals/siegelbaum/images/siegelbaum_photos.htm (May 27, 2013).

Ibid.

Soviet Poster: Off to Collective Work.

Banners say: "We will liquidate the kulaks as a class" and "All to the struggle against the wreckers of agriculture."

Ibid.

Holodomor

• Ukrainian famine• Stalin raised the amount ofgrain the Ukraine was supposed to supply to the state by 44%

5-10 million dead

Ukrainian Genocide poster.

Ukrainian Genocide Famine Foundation, 75th Anniversary of the Ukrainian Genocide Online Exhibition, 2008, http://www.ukrainiangenocide.org/75th_Exhibit_Page_0.html (May 27, 2013).

Industrialization

• 5-Year Plans– Heavy industry– Central planning = commandeconomy

Soviet poster against the old life of laziness.

Ibid.

Stakhanovites in Moscow, winners of industrial competition with their motor cycle prize.Ibid.

Woman industrial worker.

Gulag

• Main Directorate for Corrective Labour Camps• NKVD (People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs)

• Manual labour• Prisoners:

– Criminals– Public and religious dissenters

Remnants of buildings at Salekhard Igarka Railway in Siberia.

“Russian Prison Officials Under Fire for Gulag Celebration,” The Telegraph, Feb. 5, 2013, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/9850949/Russian-prison-officials-under-fire-for-gulag-celebration.html (May 27, 2013).

Gulag: Soviet Forced Labour Camps and the Struggle for Freedom, 2006-2013, http://gulaghistory.org/nps/onlineexhibit/stalin/work.php (May 27, 2013).

Gold miners at Kolyma in Siberia, 1934.

Ibid.

Building the White Sea-Baltic Canal by hand, 1932.

Great Purges

Stalin supposedly signing a death warrant at the 1936 trial

Douglas O. Linder, The Moscow Purge Trials (1936-38): Selected Links and Bibliography, N.d., http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/moscowpurge/moscowlinks.html (May 27, 2013).