Ss Chapter 13
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Transcript of Ss Chapter 13
Chapter 13Human Life and Health
Body Systems
Chapter 13Human Life and Health
Body Systems GEE Science
Summer RemediationMr. Nash
Donnie Bickham Middle SchoolRoom 204
GEE ScienceSummer Remediation
Mr. NashDonnie Bickham Middle School
Room 204
Control SystemsControl Systems Homeostasis is the process of
maintaining a fairly constant internal environment despite changing conditions.
To accomplish homeostasis, our cells must be continually bathed in fluid. This fluid is called extracellular fluid. Most fluid is interstitial, meaning it lies
within the spaces between the cells.
Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a fairly constant internal environment despite changing conditions.
To accomplish homeostasis, our cells must be continually bathed in fluid. This fluid is called extracellular fluid. Most fluid is interstitial, meaning it lies
within the spaces between the cells.
Pg. 226
Control SystemsControl Systems Sensory receptors are cells that detect
changes like light, temperature, or hormone levels in the body.
These sensory receptors send information to the nervous system; the nervous system then sends a signal to the appropriate organ system for adjustment.
Sensory receptors are cells that detect changes like light, temperature, or hormone levels in the body.
These sensory receptors send information to the nervous system; the nervous system then sends a signal to the appropriate organ system for adjustment.
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Control SystemsControl Systems
Two types of feedback to maintain homeostasis in the body: Negative Feedback Positive Feedback
Two types of feedback to maintain homeostasis in the body: Negative Feedback Positive Feedback
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Negative FeedbackNegative Feedback
The last step in the process slows or stops the first step.
The last step in the process slows or stops the first step.
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Positive FeedbackPositive Feedback
The last step accelerates the first step of a process. Can lead to abnormal conditions and
cause disease. Necessary for a few body functions. Example:
Childbirth
The last step accelerates the first step of a process. Can lead to abnormal conditions and
cause disease. Necessary for a few body functions. Example:
Childbirth
Pg. 227
Nervous SystemNervous System
The control and communication network of the body.
Consists of: Brain Nerves
Nerves are a bundle of cells called neurons
The control and communication network of the body.
Consists of: Brain Nerves
Nerves are a bundle of cells called neurons
Pg. 227
Nervous SystemNervous System
Two types of Neurons: Sensory Neurons
Get information from the environment through the senses (sight, sound, taste, etc.) and relay the information to the brain.
Motor Neurons Carry information from the brain to the
muscles and glands and cause an action to occur.
Two types of Neurons: Sensory Neurons
Get information from the environment through the senses (sight, sound, taste, etc.) and relay the information to the brain.
Motor Neurons Carry information from the brain to the
muscles and glands and cause an action to occur.
Pg. 227
Nervous SystemNervous System
Two Main Parts: Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System
Two Main Parts: Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System
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Central Nervous System (CNS)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Contains the brain and spinal cord. Brain contains several parts; each
having its own specific task. It is enclosed in the skull.
Spinal cord runs up and down the back and is enclosed by the vertebrae of the back for protection.
Contains the brain and spinal cord. Brain contains several parts; each
having its own specific task. It is enclosed in the skull.
Spinal cord runs up and down the back and is enclosed by the vertebrae of the back for protection.
Pg. 227
Peripheral Nervous SystemPeripheral Nervous System Consists of all other parts of the nervous
system outside of the CNS. Carries nerve impulses from the brain to the
body and back. Two systems:
Autonomic System Controls the involuntary systems such as heart beating
and breathing. Somatic System
Controls the voluntary systems such a muscle movement.
Consists of all other parts of the nervous system outside of the CNS.
Carries nerve impulses from the brain to the body and back.
Two systems: Autonomic System
Controls the involuntary systems such as heart beating and breathing.
Somatic System Controls the voluntary systems such a muscle movement.
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SensesSenses
The ability for us to detect what is happening in our environment Sight Smell Taste Touch Hearing
The ability for us to detect what is happening in our environment Sight Smell Taste Touch Hearing
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Endocrine SystemEndocrine System Regulates the effects of hormones on body
functions. Works hand in hand with the nervous system.
Nerve impulses cause the endocrine system to release or stop productions of hormones.
Hormones are produced and stored by organs called glands.
Two types of glands: Exocrine Glands Endocrine Glands
Regulates the effects of hormones on body functions.
Works hand in hand with the nervous system. Nerve impulses cause the endocrine system to
release or stop productions of hormones. Hormones are produced and stored by organs
called glands. Two types of glands:
Exocrine Glands Endocrine Glands
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Exocrine GlandsExocrine Glands
Secrete substances through a duct into a body cavity or onto the skin’s surface.
Examples: Sweat glands and mammary glands.
Secrete substances through a duct into a body cavity or onto the skin’s surface.
Examples: Sweat glands and mammary glands.
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Endocrine GlandsEndocrine Glands
Secrete hormones in small amounts directly into the bloodstream.
Hormones travel through the body until they reach their target cells in the body.
Hormones do not affect cells other than their specific target cells.
Secrete hormones in small amounts directly into the bloodstream.
Hormones travel through the body until they reach their target cells in the body.
Hormones do not affect cells other than their specific target cells.
Pg. 228
Hormones In The BodyHormones In The Body
Pancreas Pituitary Gland Adrenal Glands Thyroid Gland Parathyroid Gland Hypothalamus Ovaries & Testes
Pancreas Pituitary Gland Adrenal Glands Thyroid Gland Parathyroid Gland Hypothalamus Ovaries & Testes
Insulin Growth Hormone Adrenaline Metabolism Calcium in blood Body temperature Reproduction
Insulin Growth Hormone Adrenaline Metabolism Calcium in blood Body temperature Reproduction
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Excretory SystemExcretory System
Removes waste products from the body.
Lungs and skin release some waster product through respiration and sweating, but most is released through the urinary tract.
Removes waste products from the body.
Lungs and skin release some waster product through respiration and sweating, but most is released through the urinary tract.
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Urinary TractUrinary Tract
Consists of: Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra
Consists of: Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra
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Urinary TractUrinary Tract Kidneys are a pair of organs that filter
the blood. Kidneys filter blood and produce urine.
Urea is a byproduct of protein production that is contained in urine.
Urine is mostly water, but also contains urea, salts and other waste products.
Kidneys are a pair of organs that filter the blood.
Kidneys filter blood and produce urine. Urea is a byproduct of protein production
that is contained in urine. Urine is mostly water, but also contains
urea, salts and other waste products.
Pg. 228
Urinary TractUrinary Tract
Urine travels through the ureters from the kidneys to the bladder for storage.
The bladder is a storage organ. When urine is ready to be expelled
from the body it travels from the bladder through the urethra and out of the body.
Urine travels through the ureters from the kidneys to the bladder for storage.
The bladder is a storage organ. When urine is ready to be expelled
from the body it travels from the bladder through the urethra and out of the body.
Pg. 228