SRIDHAR PRESENTATION

8/14/2019 SRIDHAR PRESENTATION

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RESPIRATION IN HUMAN

This chart of theRESPIRATORY SYSTEM

shows the apparatus forbreathing. Breathing is theprocess by which oxygen inthe air is brought into the lungs

and into close contact with theblood. which absorbs it andcarries it to all parts of thebody. At the same time theblood gives up waste matter(carbon dioxide), which iscarried out of the lungs withthe air breathed out.


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The SINUSES are hollowspaces in the bones ofthe head. Small openingsconnect them to the nasalcavity. The functions they

serve are not clearlyunderstood, but includehelping to regulate thetemperature and humidityof air breathed in, as well

as to lighten the bonestructure of the head andto give resonance to thevoice.


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The NASAL CAVITY

(nose) is the preferred

entrance for outside

air into theRespiratory System.

The hairs that line the

inside wall are part of

the air-cleansingsystem.


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Air also entersthrough the ORALCAVITY (mouth),especially in peoplewho have a mouth-breathing habit orwhose nasalpassages may be

temporarilyobstructed, as by acold.


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The ADENOIDS areovergrown lymph tissue at thetop of the throat. When theyinterfere with breathing, theyare generally removed. The

lymph system, consisting ofnodes (knots of cells) andconnecting vessels, carriesfluid throughout the body. Thissystem helps resist bodyinfection by filtering out foreign

matter, including germs, andproducing cells (lymphocytes)to fight them.


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The TONSILS arelymph nodes in thewall of the pharynxthat often becomeinfected. They are anunimportant part ofthe germ-fightingsystem of the body.

When infected, theyare generallyremoved.


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The PHARYNX

(throat) collects

incoming air from the

nose and passes itdownward to the

trachea (windpipe).


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The EPIGLOTTIS is a

flap of tissue that

guards the entrance

to the trachea, closingwhen anything is

swallowed that should

go into the esophagus

and stomach.


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The LARYNX (voice

box) contains the

vocal cords. It is the

place where movingair being breathed in

and out creates voice

sounds.


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The ESOPHAGUS is

the passage leading

from the mouth and

throat to the stomach. The TRACHEA

(windpipe) is the

passage leading from

the pharynx to thelungs.


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The RIBS are bonessupporting and protectingthe chest cavity. Theymove to a limited degree,

helping the lungs toexpand and contract.

The trachea divides intothe two main BRONCHI(tubes), one for each

lung. These, in turn,subdivide further intobronchioles.


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The RIGHT LUNG is

divided into three

LOBES, or sections.

The left lung is divided

into two LOBES.

The PLEURA are the two

membranes, that

surround each lobe of the

lungs and separate thelungs from the chest wall.


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The bronchial tubes are linedwith CILIA (like very smallhairs) that have a wave-likemotion. This motion carriesMUCUS (sticky phlegm or

liquid) upward and out into thethroat, where it is eithercoughed up or swallowed. Themucus catches and holdsmuch of the dust, germs, andother unwanted matter that

has invaded the lungs andthus gets rid of it.


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The DIAPHRAGM is

the strong wall of

muscle that separates

the chest cavity fromthe abdominal cavity.

By moving downward,

it creates suction to

draw in air andexpand the lungs.


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The smallest

subdivisions of the

bronchi are called

BRONCHIOLES, atthe end of which are

the alveoli (plural of

alveolus).


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The ALVEOLI are the

very small air sacs

that are the

destination of airbreathed in. The

CAPILLARIES are

blood vessels that are

imbedded in the wallsof the alveoli


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Blood passes through the

capillaries, brought to

them by the

PULMONARY ARTERY

and taken away by thePULMONARY VEIN.

While in the capillaries

the blood discharges

carbon dioxide into thealveoli and takes up

oxygen from the air in the

alveoli.


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RESPIRATIONIN HUMAN

PRESENTED BY

A.SREEDHAR REDDY

SCIENCE ASSTZ.P.HIGH SCHOOL LANKALAPALEM

SITES VISITED:-

www.kidport.com

SRIDHAR PRESENTATION

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