SRF Developments at TRIUMF Developments at TRIUMF Nov. 16, 2013 IPR Accelerator Breakout - Laxdal 1...

Bob Laxdal SRF/RF Department Head

SRF Developments at TRIUMF

Nov. 16, 2013 IPR Accelerator Breakout - Laxdal 1

Outline

•SRF program at TRIUMF •2008-2013 Highlights

•ISAC-II completion •E-Linac development •Fundamental SRF development •Industrial partnerships

•2015-2020 •ARIEL-II completion •ISAC-II upgrade •Fundamental SRF development •Industrial partnerships

•Summary Nov. 16, 2013 IPR Accelerator Breakout - Laxdal 2

SRF at TRIUMF


• SRF at TRIUMF began in 2000 with cavity and infrastructure development in support of the ISAC-II heavy ion linac.

• SRF group evolved into SRF/RF department, initiated in 2008 – Supports Operations, internal projects

(ISAC-II, ARIEL), plus SRF/RF R&D (student education), local industry (PAVAC) and external collaborations

• SRF is a recognized core competence of

TRIUMF (SRF2015 workshop will be hosted by TRIUMF)

SRF Overview


SRF/RF Department


• The SRF/RF Department comprises expertise in superconducting rf, high power rf and low level rf

• Currently the Department has

24 members • 8 professionals • 11 technicians • 2 post-docs • 5 students

ISAC-II SCRF Area

RF Measurments

Boot-up

• ISAC-II building houses the SRF test and assembly areas (legacy of ISAC-II installation)

•500m2 of floor space

•Ultrasound cleaning tanks, High Pressure Water Rinse area, shielded rf test area, cryomodule assembly area, chemical etching lab

•Over 100 single cavity tests performed and eight cryomodules assembled since 2004

17m Preparation

Area

Boot Area

RF Meas Water Rinse/Clean Area

SCRF Test Clean Area

Test Pit

Clean Assembly

Area Chemical

Lab

RF Controls

Lab

42m

ISAC SRF Infrastructure


Highlights 2008-2013


Highlight #1 - ISAC-II Completion ISAC-II Phase II completed on time

and on budget (7.5M$ project)

April 2010 - 16O5+ accelerated to 10.8MeV/u equivalent to 6.5MeV/u for A/q=6 (meets ISAC-II original specification on first acceleration)

Enables acceleration of all ISAC ions above Coulomb barrier

First heavy ion linac to utilize clean assembly techniques - set a new performance mark for a cw low beta sc-linac with Ep>30MV/m

ISAC I/II – leading RIB post-accelerator in the world due to flexibility and performance

16O5+ Acceleration

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 10 20 30 40

Cavity #

E (M

eV/u

)

ISAC-II Specification


Phase I SCB 2006

5 CM’s 4cav/CM

Veff=20MV

Phase II SCC 2010

3 CM’s 6+6+8

cav/CM Veff=20MV

ISAC-II SC-Linac


Highlight #2 – SRF@PAVAC •PAVAC Industries of Richmond BC are experts in forming, machining and electron beam welding – a major product is the design and manufacture of EBW machines

•TRIUMF began collaborating with PAVAC in 2005 and produced the first made in Canada superconducting accelerating cavities in 2007

•In total 22 ISAC-II Phase II cavities were supplied by the PAVAC/TRIUMF joint effort by 2009

1.E+07

1.E+08

1.E+09

1.E+10

0 10 20 30 40 50

Ep (MV/m)

Qo

#3 #4 #5 #6 #9 #10 #11 #14#15 #16 #19 #21 #22 #23 #24 7W#17 #18 #20 #8

1.E+07

1.E+08

1.E+09

1.E+10

0 10 20 30 40 50

Ep (MV/m)

Qo

#3 #4 #5 #6 #9 #10 #11 #14#15 #16 #19 #21 #22 #23 #24 7W#17 #18 #20 #8


• Partnership with PAVAC has grown from producing the ISAC-II QWRs to developing quality rf resonators and accelerator technology for TRIUMF and global collaborators

• PAVAC/TRIUMF tandem are now producing cavities for – ARIEL plus VECC (India),

FNAL, FRIB (USA), IHEP (China), RAON (Korea)

• PAVAC has grown since 2005 from 10 employees to >50 from 3000 sq ft to 30000 sq ft (and now moving to 100000 sq ft)

Industrial Partnerships - PAVAC

ARIEL, VECC, FNAL ISAC-II

IHEP/RAON FRIB Nov. 16, 2013 IPR Accelerator Breakout - Laxdal 11

• The ARIEL e-Linac requires one nine-cell in the injector section and four nine-cell cavities in the accelerator section

• TRIUMF SRF / VECC (Kolkata) are collaborating on the design and test of the Injector Cryomodule (ICM) to be used as a working prototype for Accelerator Cryomodule (ACM) – Two ICM’s are being built and tested with beam - one for

TRIUMF and one for VECC

10MeV Gun

Injector-2013 Driver

25MeV

50kW 50kW

2014

50kW 50kW 50kW

50kW

50kW 50kW

50kW 50kW

2017

50MeV

Highlight #3 – VECC/ARIEL Project

VECC

VECC/TRIUMF Test area

Cryoline

•Existing lab space in ISAC-II used for a beam test of the front end of e-Linac with a 30kW rf source

•E-Gun

•100kV gun tests completed in April 2013

•300kV gun now nearing completion

•LEBT fully commissioned

•MEBT test line being assembled

•ICM in assembly

•Two cavities in hand

•30kW IOT running routinely – power coupling conditioning complete (2)

30kW IOT System

2K pumps

Power coupler test station

Equipment Racks

ISAC-II Vault

ICM

LEBT

MEBT

Beam Dump

E-Gun

300kV HV cage


Longitudinal Diagnostics •A 1.3GHz TM110-like mode deflecting cavity •Deflector installed on analyzing leg to investigate beam bunch characteristics*

•Beam deflection gives longitudinal emittance information

*A. Vrielink, Y.C.Chao, C.Gong, R.E.Laxdal, V. Zvyagintsev, `Longitudinal Emittance Measurement System for the ARIEL Electron Linac’, NAPAC2013, Pasadena, 2013. (undergrad student research)


Deflector and buncher off

∆t

∆E

300kV E-Gun

buncher

deflector screen

Design of ARIEL Cryomodule

Houses •one nine-cell 1.3GHz cavity •Two 50kW power coupler

Features •Top loading box design •4K/2K heat exchanger with JT valve on board – expand LHe from 1.4bar to 30mbar •Scissor tuner with warm motor •Two layers of mu metal – warm and cold •LN2 thermal shield •CESIC HOM damping material in warm/cold transition •WPM based alignment •Stainless steel ribbed tank with hatches for access


Mock-Up Assembly Status

A mock-up of the injector cryomodule is being assembled to pre-test all components prior to final assembly • Support Towers:

– Assembled and installed • Lid:

– Leak checked with tank and installed. • Strut and Strong-back:

– Fully assembled and integrated with lid and cavity.

• 2K Reservoir: – Leak checked and installed.

• Cold Tuner: – Tested and assembled into Mock-up.

• Warm Tuner: – Tested and assembled and integrated

with cold tuner.

Warm Tuner

1.3GHz infrastructure

TR-PAV2 cavity test

Developed infrastructure to process and test 1.3GHz single cell then multi-cell cavities and support ARIEL cryomodule production

Single cell cryostat Multi-cell cryostat

power coupler conditioning station

Cavity tuning stand

High pressure water rinse BCP chemical etching Nov. 16, 2013 IPR Accelerator Breakout - Laxdal 17

ARIEL cavity design

• BBU analysis defines the criteria of (Rd/Q)⋅QL<107

• Modeled nine-cell cavity in CST – trapped mode at 2.56GHz TE111 dipole

mode with Rd=3e7 Ω – Asymmetric beam pipes push trapped

mode towards the tuner end – Use damping material CESIC to damp

dipole modes* *P. Kolb, R.E. Laxdal, V. Zvyagintsev, Y.C. Chao, B. Amini, `Cold Test Results of HOM Absorber Material for the ARIEL eLinac at TRIUMF’, published in NIMA (PhD student research)

78mm 96 mm

damper damper

Dipole Mode Study to 4GHz with Omega3P and CST

ARIEL cavity fabrication

•Two cavities have been delivered from PAVAC – two more in fabrication – due Nov. 30 and Jan 30

•ARIEL1 and ARIEL2 have been cold tested

•ARIEL1 sent to FNAL for degassing

•Utilizing `smart bell’ fabrication strategy

Dumb-bell -> cavity Smart-bell -> cavity

Equator welded from the inside, iris from outside


Highlight #4 - SRF Student program •TRIUMF is now offering a graduate students program in Accelerator Physics and Engineering

•One course per year taught at UBC by TRIUMF research scientists

•Four PhD students, three post-docs and >10 undergraduates in SRF studies to date.

•NSERC grant – 60k$/year for five years from 2012

Anna Grassellino – top thesis award

µSR

•Anna wins 2013 IEEE PAST Doctoral Student Award

•`to recognize significant and innovative technical contributions to the field of particle accelerator science and technology as demonstrated in a student’s doctoral thesis’

• Thesis title `Field-dependent Losses

in Superconducting Niobium Cavities’

Recent Publication: A. Grassellino, C.Beard, P.Kolb, R.E. Laxdal, N.S.Lockyer, D.Longuevergne, and J.E.Sonier, `Muon spin rotation studies of niobium for superconducting rf applications', Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 16, 062002 (2013)

Field free volume in Nb Samples

SRF in 2015-2020


• Complete second accelerating module to complete e-Linac – Fabricate, process and test two more

cavities – Fabricate and assemble EACB – Utilize internal developments and

collaboration on high Q with FNAL and others to optimize performance

23

ARIEL e-Linac Completion

Heat treatment – Phase I

• Resistive wall losses in rf cavities are a major cost driver for continuous wave (cw) SRF linear accelerators

• Recent there have been significant advances in reducing surface resistance with a combination of UHV heat treatments, plus doping with N2 and Ar, and surface processing

• NSERC grant is being used to fund an rf induction oven to (initially) optimize the heat treatment and doping study of a 1.3GHz single cell cavity

• Status - All purchased parts in hand and other components being fabricated

*A. Grassellino, et al., `Nitrogen and Argon Doping of Niobium for Superconducting Radioactive Cavities: a Pathway to Highly Efficient Accelerating Structures’, arXiv:1306.0288, July 2013. ** P. Dhakal, et al., `Effect of Temperature Heat Treatments on the Quality Factor of a Large Grain Superconducting Radio-Frequency Niobium Cavity’, arXiv:1210.6875v4, Mar. 2013

*

**


Heat treatment - Phase II

• Many cw hadron linacs are now in development – surface resistance for low frequency cavities is an issue

• We propose to build two multi-mode TEM cavities (QWR, HWR) to study the rf surface resistance as a function of rf field, temperature and rf frequency

• Each cavity is sized to fit into the rf induction oven to study the effect of heat treatments as a function of rf frequency

*A.Romanenko, A. Grassellino, `Dependence of Micro-wave Surface Resistance of Superconducting Niobium on the Magnitude of the RF Field’, arXiv:1304.4516v1, Apr. 2013 **A. Grassellino, C. Beard, P. Kolb, R. Laxdal, D. Longuevergne, V. Zvyagintsev, TRIUMF and A. Romanenko, FNAL, "Q‐Slope Analysis of Low‐Beta SRF Cavities", AIP Conf. Proceedings, 1352, 161 (2011), 161-16

*1.3GHz

**80MHz

QWR – mode = 1,…4 HWR Nov. 16, 2013 IPR Accelerator Breakout - Laxdal 25

ISAC-II High Q Upgrade

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Present

Goal

• ISAC-II superconducting heavy ion linac was installed in two phases with 20 cavities installed in 2006 and 20 cavities installed in 2010

• ISAC-II turned on with highest average gradient of any low beta linac

• Recent progress in SRF community has produced new treatments for reducing residual resistance

• Goal for 2015-2020 is to increase energy reach of ISAC-II by re-treating cavities with new heat treatments and surface processing optimized with the multi-mode resonator and rf induction oven

• Requires new high vacuum furnace

A/q

E (M

eV/u

)


SRF Deflecting Cavity

• A future extension to the ARIEL e-Linac will be the addition of a recirculation loop for an Energy Recovery Linac (ERL)

• The ERL bound beam will be interleaved

with the single-pass RIB bound beam utilizing a 650MHz SRF deflecting mode cavity, allowing for simultaneous beam delivery to both ERL and RIB users.

• A novel H-mode ridge and post structure is being developed


SRF Fundamental Studies

µSR βNMR

•Continue to exploit TRIUMF’s unique material science diagnostics and local university condensed matter expertise

•Utilize muSR and SQUID magnetometry for Nb and other bulk material properties testing

•Designing new beamline for beta-NMR facility to allow application of strong DC (up to 200mT) and/or RF magnetic fields parallel to a sample

•Will allow implantation of polarized 8Li ions as a local magnetic probe with depth control through the London layer

•Ideal for studying both thin film and bulk Nb performance, as well as new thin or bulk film coatings of alternative superconductors

H

Proposing to develop a sapphire loaded sample host test cavity to measure rf losses on sample material in synergy with beta-NMR diagnostic

-TE01n mode -f<2GHz -Enhanced field on sample by 5

• PAVAC/TRIUMF to move to commercialization of cryomodule technology

– QWR cryomodule for VECC – 2K cryomodules for electron/hadron

cw applications (ADS, RISP) – Development towards ILC cryomodule

production

• Support PAVAC in other initiatives including Electron Beam Flu Gas Treatment

Grow Industrial Partnerships

Balloon Baseline

• Continue to grow partnership with PAVAC

• PAVAC/TRIUMF will continue to develop cavities for external collaborations to expand PAVAC’s expertise and global market share

– TRIUMF, FNAL, VECC, IHEP, FRIB, RAON


Summary

• SRF at TRIUMF supports internal projects (ISAC-II, ARIEL), student education, local industry and external collaborations

• The goal in the next five year plan is to continue to grow the program through support for internal projects, external industrial investments, NSERC grants and some work for others agreements

• SRF science and technology continues to make significant breakthroughs and the TRIUMF SRF program is well positioned to make valuable contributions and train the professionals in the field


SRF Developments at TRIUMF Developments at TRIUMF Nov. 16, 2013 IPR Accelerator Breakout - Laxdal 1...

Documents

Transcript of SRF Developments at TRIUMF Developments at TRIUMF Nov. 16, 2013 IPR Accelerator Breakout - Laxdal 1...