Springshed Management in HP_Dr Sunesh Sharma (PSI)_2014
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Transcript of Springshed Management in HP_Dr Sunesh Sharma (PSI)_2014
Springshed Management- A hydrogeological Approach: A case study of Sirmaur District of Himachal Pradesh, India
Presented by Dr. Sunesh Sharma
People’s Science InstituteDehradun
Source: VIS, People’s Science Institute
Location of Selected AR Site; Thanakasoga Panchayat
VillagesTotal
HH
Brahmin
HH
Rajput
HHSC HH
Total
Population
1) Luhali 23 23 0 211
2) Satter-
bhadon
13 8 3 2 135
3) Dhyali 40 6 30 3 249
4) Dandor 48 19 1 28 278
5) Thanakasoga93 24 17 52 564
Total 217 57 74
85 1437
Demographic structure of the villages
Cropping pattern in Action research site
Ginger
Maize
Colcocasia
Pulses
Water Availability versus demand(April,2012)
Note: • Villagers fulfill the gap of the shortage of water availability by storing water supplied by IPH. IPH water
supply is irregular, water supply is twice in a week in the summer season. • As per Himachal govt norms: 70 lpcd and 30 lpd per cattle
Methodology
Interventions• Geological mapping of the village• Recharge area demarcation• Spring inventory• Installation of rain-gauge• Water discharge data collection monthly basis• Water quality sampling and analysis of WQ data• Formation of Water management committee and Water user groups• Sensitization of WMC and WUGs through meeting and exposure tour • Nursery establishment • Estimation and planning for recharge activities• Recharge structures (earth works ) construction and vegetative
measures (plantation)• Social fencing for recharge areas
Map of Luhali Village
548 548 1096
Legends
Agr. Land
Irri. Agr. Land
Private Pasture Land
Waste Land
Settlement
Bowari
Spring
Bowri
Community forest Land
Stream
Geological Map of Luhali
Quartzite
Phyllite
Fracture
Fault
Legends
Sandstone
548 548 1096
Bowri
Spring
Phyllite
Quartzite
Geological Cross section of Luhali village
Quartzite
Phyllite
Major Fracture
Sandstone
Fault
Fracture
Legends
Recharge Area
Bowri
Spring
Groundwater sources and their recharge area in Luhali village
Vegetative Measures
Staggered Trenches
C C T
Reserve Forest
DIW
Activities Proposed in Recharge Area of Bowri-1 & Bowri-2 in Luhali Village
Time –trends chart
PGWM with school children
PRA
Nukkad Natak for awareness
Activities under exposure visit
Source cleanliness by WUGs
WUGs meeting
NurseryNursery establishment
Agreements Copies
On-site Water Discharge Measurement and Water Quality Analysis in PSI Lab
Deep Infiltration Well(DIW)
Month wise water discharge of different sources in selected villages
May_1
2
June_12
July_12
Aug_12
Sept_1
2
Oct_12
Nov_12
Feb_1
3
Mar_13
Apr_13
May_1
3
June_13
July_13
Aug_13
Septr_
13
Oct_13
Nov_13
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700Hydrograph: Thanakasoga
Rainfall
Thana Kasoga B-1 (Mandir)
Thana Seasonal spring-1
Thana Kasoga B-2
Thanaka Seasonal spring-2
Thana Kasoga B-3
Thana Kasoga B-4
Disc
harg
e in
LPM
Rain
fall
in m
mMay_12
June_12
July_12
Aug_12
Sept_12
Oct_12
Nov_12
Feb_13
Mar_13
Apr_13
May_13
June_13
July_13
Aug_13
Septr_13
Oct_13
Nov_13
02468
101214161820
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700Hydrograph-Dhayli
Rainfall
Dhyali B-5(Sita)
Dhyali B-6 (Kishan)
Dhayli-Maroga
Disc
harg
e in
PLM
Rain
fall
in m
m
Recharge activities is done in Thanakasoga-B1 &B2, Seasonal spring -1 and 2 in August 2013
Recharge activities is done in Dhayli B-5&B-6 in August 2013
May_1
2
June_12
July_12
Aug_12
Sept_1
2
Oct_12
Nov_12
Feb_1
3
Mar_13
Apr_13
May_1
3
June_13
July_13
Aug_13
Septr_
13
Oct_13
Nov_13
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700Hydrograph:Luhali
Rainfall
Luhali B-1 (Shiv Mandir)
Luhali B-2 (Pradhan)
Luhali B-4 (Lower)
Disc
harg
e in
LPM
Rain
fall
in m
m
Recharge activities are done in Luhali B-4
May_1
2
June_12
July_12
Aug_12
Sept_1
2
Oct_12
Nov_12
Feb_1
3
Mar_13
Apr_13
May_1
3
June_13
July_13
Aug_13
Septr_
13
Oct_13
Nov_13
05
1015202530354045
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700Hydrograph: Sattarbadon
Rainfall
Sattar Bhadon B-1
Sattar Bhadon B-2 (School)
Disc
harg
e in
LPM
Rain
fall
in m
m
Thana-1 Thana-2 Dhayli-5 Dhayli-6 Luhali-40
10
20
30
40
50
60
Fecal Coliform
Before PGWM pilot implementation (October-2012)After Before PGWM pilot implemen-tation(October-2013)
Source
CFU
/100
ml
Thana-1 Thana-2 Dhayli-5 Dhayli-6 Luhali-40
100
200
300
400
500
600
Electric Conductivity
Before PGWM pilot implementa-tion (October-2012)After PGWM pilot implementa-tion(October-2013)
Source
μmho
/cm
Thana-1 Thana-2 Dhayli-5 Dhayli-6 Luhali-40
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
Iron
Before PGWM pilot implementation (Oc-tober-2012)After PGWM pilot implementa-tion(October-2013)
Source
mg/
lt
Change in irrigation patternBefore PGWM After PGWM
Impacts• WUGs and WMCs formation• Water quality and sanitation• Artificial water recharge capacity• Equitable benefit sharing mechanism• Water usage pattern• Coordination between villages• Source cleanliness• Social protection(protocols)• Change in irrigation pattern• Awareness at panchayat level• Convergence of PGWM with IWMP and MGNREGA• Groundwater development vs management in mountain areas
Thanks