© 2012 SpringSource, A division of VMware. All rights reserved

A Walking Tour of Spring 3.1

Josh Long, Spring Developer Advocate, SpringSource

Jürgen Höller, Principal Engineer, SpringSource

Mark Fisher, Senior Staff Engineer, SpringSource

Mark Pollack, Senior Staff Engineer, SpringSource

Dave Syer, Senior Staff Engineer, SpringSource

2NOT CONFIDENTIAL -- TELL EVERYONE

About Josh Long

Spring Developer Advocatetwitter: @starbuxmanjosh.long@springsource.com

33

Deployment Platforms: Becoming More Diverse

Tomcat

Application

Frameworks+ Libraries

Application

Frameworks+ Libraries

Application

Frameworks+ Libraries

Cloud PlatformWebSphere

44

Wide Variety of Data and Datastores

Not all data resides in relational databases cloud environments often suggest alternatives for scalability reasons HBase, Redis, Mongo, etc

Distributed caches add challenges as well not least of it all in terms of application-level access patterns GemFire, Coherence, etc

Hardly any standardization available JSR-107 – for caching – did not make progress for a long, long time finally getting picked up in Java EE 7, but again only for caching alternative datastore space is too diverse for standardization

55

Wide Variety of Web Clients

More and more client-side web technologies HTML 5 as a next-generation browser standard Adobe Flex as a rich client technology on the basis of Flash

Server-side state to be minimized or even removed completely in particular: no server-side user interface state strictly controlled user session state

JSF's state-centric approach not a great fit anymore except for special kinds of applications (which it remains very useful for) web application backends and web services based on JAX-RS / MVC style nevertheless: JSF keeps evolving – JSF 2.2 coming up in 2012

66

Key Elements of Spring: Ready for 2012 & Beyond

SimpleObject

SimpleObjects

Dep

ende

ncy

Inje

ctio

n

AOP

Portable Service Abstractions

More important than ever!

77

What's New?

Spring Framework 3.1

Spring Integration 2.1

Spring Data 1.0

Spring Security 3.1

88

Spring Framework 3.1: Selected Features

Environment abstraction and profiles Java-based application configuration Overhaul of the test context framework

Cache abstraction & declarative caching Servlet 3.0 based web applications @MVC processing & flash attributes

Refined JPA support

Hibernate 4.0 & Quartz 2.0

Support for Java SE 7

99

Environment Abstraction

Grouping bean definitions for activation in specific environments• e.g. development, testing, production

• possibly different deployment environments

Custom resolution of placeholders• dependent on the actual environment

• hierarchy of property sources

Injectable environment abstraction API

• org.springframework.core.env.Environment

Unified property resolution SPI

• org.springframework.core.env.PropertyResolver

1010

Bean Definition Profiles<beans profile="production">

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"

destroy-method="close">

<property name="driverClass" value="${database.driver}"/>

<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${database.url}"/>

<property name="username" value="${database.username}"/>

<property name="password" value="${database.password}"/>

</bean>

</beans>

<beans profile="embedded">

<jdbc:embedded-database id="dataSource" type="H2"><jdbc:script location="/WEB-INF/database/schema-member.sql"/><jdbc:script location="/WEB-INF/database/schema-activity.sql"/><jdbc:script location="/WEB-INF/database/schema-event.sql"/><jdbc:script location="/WEB-INF/database/data.sql"/>

</jdbc:embedded-database>

</beans>

1111

Environment Configuration

Associating specific bean definitions with specific environments• XML 'profile' attribute on <beans> element

•@Profile annotation on configuration classes

•@Profile annotation on individual component classes

Activating specific profiles by name• e.g. through a system property

• -Dspring.profiles.active=development

• or other means outside of the deployment unit• according to environment conventions

Ideally: no need to touch deployment unit across different stages/environments

1212

Java-Based Application Configuration

Application-specific container configuration• aligned with Spring 3.0's @Configuration style

• focus on customizing the annotation-based processing parts of Spring

Equivalent to XML namespace functionality• but not a one-to-one mapping

• 'natural' container configuration from an annotation-oriented perspective

Typical infrastructure setup• transactions

• scheduling

• MVC customization

1313

Application Configuration Example@Configuration

@EnableTransactionManagement(proxyTargetClass=true)

public class DataConfig {

@Bean

public PlatformTransactionManager txManager() {

return new HibernateTransactionManager(sessionFactory());

}

@Bean

public SessionFactory sessionFactory() throws Exception {

return new LocalSessionFactoryBuilder(dataSource())

.addAnnotatedClasses(Order.class, Account.class)

.buildSessionFactory();

}

@Bean

public DataSource dataSource() {

// ... configure and return JDBC DataSource ...

}

}

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"proxy-target-class="true"/>

1414

Test Context Framework

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(

loader=AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class,

classes={TransferServiceConfig.class, DataConfig.class})

@ActiveProfiles("dev")

public class TransferServiceTest {

@Autowired

private TransferService transferService;

@Test

public void testTransferService() {

...

}

}

1515

Interlude: "c:" Namespace

New XML namespace for use with bean configuration• shortcut for <constructor-arg>

• inline argument values

• analogous to existing "p:" namespace

• use of constructor argument names

• recommended for readability

• debug symbols have to be available in the application's class files

<bean class="…" c:age="10" c:name="myName"/>

<bean class="…" c:name-ref="nameBean"c:spouse-ref="spouseBean"/>

1616

Cache Abstraction

CacheManager and Cache abstraction• in org.springframework.cache

• which up until 3.0 just contained EhCache support

• particularly important with the rise of distributed caching• not least of it all: in cloud environments

Backend adapters for EhCache, GemFire, Coherence, etc• EhCache adapter shipping with Spring core

• JSR-107 a.k.a. JCache support coming in Spring 3.2

Specific cache setup per environment – through profiles?• potentially even adapting to a runtime-provided service

1717

Declarative Caching

@Cacheable

public Owner loadOwner(int id);

@Cacheable(condition="name.length < 10")

public Owner loadOwner(String name);

@CacheEvict

public void deleteOwner(int id);

1818

Servlet 3.0 Based Web Applications

Explicit support for Servlet 3.0 containers• such as Tomcat 7 and GlassFish 3

• while at the same time preserving compatibility with Servlet 2.4+

Support for XML-free web application setup (no web.xml)• Servlet 3.0's ServletContainerInitializer mechanism

• in combination with Spring 3.1's AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext

• plus Spring 3.1's environment abstraction

Exposure of native Servlet 3.0 functionality in Spring MVC• standard Servlet 3.0 file upload behind Spring's MultipartResolver abstraction

• support for asynchronous request processing coming in Spring 3.2

1919

WebApplicationInitializer Example/**

* Automatically detected and invoked on startup by Spring's ServletContainerInitializer. May register listeners, filters, servlets etc against the given Servlet 3.0 ServletContext.

*/

public class MyWebAppInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {

public void onStartup(ServletContext sc) throws ServletException {

// Create the 'root' Spring application context

AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext root = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();

root.scan("com.mycompany.myapp");

root.register(FurtherConfig.class);

// Manages the lifecycle of the root application context

sc.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(root));

...

}

}

2020

@MVC Processing & Flash Attributes

RequestMethodHandlerAdapter arbitrary mappings to handler methods across multiple controllers better customization of handler method arguments

HandlerMethodArgumentResolver HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler etc

FlashMap support and FlashMapManager abstraction with RedirectAttributes as a new @MVC handler method argument type

explicitly calling addFlashAttribute to add values to the output FlashMap an outgoing FlashMap will temporarily get added to the user's session an incoming FlashMap for a request will automatically get exposed to the

model

2121

Refined JPA Support

Package scanning without persistence.xml 'packagesToScan' feature on LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean

building a persistence unit from @Entity classes within specific application packages

similar to AnnotationSessionFactoryBean for Hibernate 3 rolled into core LocalSessionFactoryBean for Hibernate 4

ideal for applications with a single default persistence unit

Consistent JPA setup by persistence unit name JPA specification quite strongly based on the notion of persistence unit

names @PersistenceContext / @PersistenceUnit referring to persistence unit names

now Spring's JpaTransactionManager and co support setup by unit name as well

as an alternative to referring to EntityManagerFactory beans directly

2222

Third-Party Support Updates

Hibernate 4.0 natively and through JPA native support in a dedicated org.springframework.orm.hibernate4

package dealing with package rearrangements in the Hibernate API

preserving compatibility with Hibernate 3.2+ in orm.hibernate3

Quartz 2.0 JobDetail and Trigger are now interfaces in the Quartz 2.0 API

whereas they traditionally were base classes in Quartz 1.x SchedulerFactoryBean now auto-adapts to Quartz 2.0 if present

JobDetail/CronTrigger/SimpleTriggerFactoryBean variants for Quartz 2.0 preserving compatibility with Quartz 1.5+ in the same support package

2323

Java SE 7

Spring 3.1 introduces Java SE 7 support making best use of JRE 7 at runtime support for JDBC 4.1 support for fork-join framework

Oracle's OpenJDK 7 released in summer 2011 IBM JDK 7 following not much later Java 7 could be the norm for new Java based projects soon

Spring Framework not being built against Java 7 yet build upgrade coming in Spring 3.2

2424

Summary

Spring serves as an enabler for modern Java architectures annotated components with dependency injection and declarative services flexible deployment options for any Java based target platform

Java SE 7 and Servlet 3.0 as common ground for years to come embedded application frameworks such as Spring are a perfect fit on top Spring as a programming and configuration model for cloud-based

deployments

Spring Framework 3.1 introduces several new key features environment abstraction and bean definition profiles cache abstraction and declarative caching web application deployment without web.xml compatibility with the latest platform standards and libraries

2525

Spring Integration 2.1

JSR-223 Scripting Support (Javascript, JRuby, Jython, Groovy)

AMQP/RabbitMQ

Spring Data: GemFire Redis MongoDB

Stored Procedures

Resource Inbound Channel Adapter

XPath Filter

Payload Enricher

FTP and SFTP Outbound Gateways

STS Templates

2626

Stored Procedures

inbound/outbound Channel Adapters

outbound Gateway

supports stored procs on: derby, db2, mysql, ms sql, oracle, postgres, sybase

supports sql functions on: mysql, ms sql, oracle, postgres

2727

Payload Enricher

Forward message to a nested flow and evaluate an expression against the result to enrich the payload

<int:enricher id="findUserByUsernameEnricher" input-channel="findUserByUsernameEnricherChannel" request-channel="findUserByUsernameServiceChannel" request-payload-expression="payload.username"> <int:property name="email" expression="payload.email"/> <int:property name="password" expression="payload.password"/></int:enricher>

2828

FTP and SFTP

Adding request/reply functionality in addition to the existing one-way Channel Adapters

<int-ftp:outbound-gateway id="gatewayGET" cache-sessions="false"local-directory="/tmp/gatewayGET"session-factory="ftpSessionFactory"request-channel="toGet"reply-channel="toRemoveChannel"command="get" command-options="-P"expression="payload.remoteDirectory + '/' + payload.filename"/>

Spring Data: Background and Motivation

Data access landscape has changed considerably RDBMS are still important and predominant• but no longer considered a “one size fits all” solution Spring has always provided excellent data access support Spring Data project goal is to “refresh” Spring’s data support for• Traditional: JDBC, JPA• New: Grid, NoSql, Hadoop Provide familiar and consistent Spring-based programming model• While retaining technology specific features and capabilities Remove boiler-plate code for writing a data access layer• Common interfaces that can be used across different technologies

Spring Data is an “umbrella project”

JPA - JDBC Extensions Hadoop – Big Data Storage and Analysis platform Gemfire – Distributed Data Grid Redis – Key Value Database MongoDB – Document Database Neo4j – Graph Database

Commons – shared abstractions• Repositories• Object Mapping QueryDSL – integration with type-safe query API

Spring Data Repositories

public interface CrudRepository<T, ID extends Serializable> extends Repository<T, ID> {

T save(T entity);

Iterable<T> save(Iterable<? extends T> entities);

T findOne(ID id);

boolean exists(ID id);

Iterable<T> findAll();

long count();

void delete(ID id);

void delete(T entity);

void delete(Iterable<? extends T> entities);

void deleteAll();}

public interface Repository<T, ID extends Serializable> {

}

3333

Spring Security 3.1

Multiple http elements

Stateless authentication

Improved Active Directory LDAP support

Crypto Module.

Disabling UI security (for testing purposes)

Erasing credentials after successful authentication

Clearing cookies on logout

Support arbitrary implementations of JAAS Configuration

34

CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 34

Spring Security: Project Organization

Spring SecurityWeb

Core

LDAP OpenID ...

Spring Extensions: Security

SAML Kerberos

Spring Security OAuth

OAuth1a OAuth2

Oauth2 spec not yet final External lead 1.0.0.M6 release in pipeline

3.1.0 released Stable, mature

1.0.0 not yet released Partly external, low-activity

Luke Taylor (VMW), Rob Winch

Ryan Heaton,Dave Syer (VMW),

Vladimir Schaefer,Mike Wiesner (VMW)

Spring Social

Keith Donald, Craig Walls (VMW)

1.0.0 released Consumer for well-

known providers

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