ELT180EISTANBUL BILGI UNIVERSITY

PRESENTED BY C.M. HERRINGTON, MAA, MAT

Spread of English1

Manx Lessons *notes2

A. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using an international language?

International language = means of international communication = lingua franca

Advantages of an international/ global language: career or lifestyle of an individual and or economy of a business or country

Disadvantages of adopting an international / global language: puts local language at risk, threatens culture, excludes some parts of community, etc.

Example- situation in Isle of man where local language was replaced by English = killer language

Manx Lessons *notes3

B. “Endangered languages with few speakers should be protected from killer languages such as English.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?

Endangered = threatened – Manx threatened by English –

Ned Maddrell = last speaker of Manx

For protection: loss of language also = loss of culture and diversity. This is important for human understanding.

Against protection: loss of languages is needed for globalization = natural part of global development. Easier to understand each other if fewer languages

Manx Lessons *notes4

C. Explain why English has become the language of business today.

English used in international business because of the power of the people who speak it

English for business because of impact of British Empire

English for business because of rise of American super power

Tourism and mobility need an international language

Isle of Man = case study – IOM needed to trade and communicate so English gained power in business and later in daily life. Positive and negative implications

Manx Lessons *notes5

D. What are the implications for a government which is considering the adoption of English as an official language? Describe how one or two countries have dealt with these implications.

Globalization and economic development make the use of a global language desirable

Indigenous languages(s) may be put at risk

Local culture can suffer People may be excluded Media may be changed Diversity and identity could be

lost 1800’s Isle of Man lost its

language and culture suffered; dominated by English “comeovers” and English language

How to Write Research Questions

To view a topic from different perspectives, many writers ask the questions journalists use when reporting an event: who, what, when, where why and how.

Think of as many questions as you can about your topic.

Don’t stop until you have considered all six perspectives about your topic.

After you have written the questions, answer each one using brief notes from research.

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Review:Finding Information for Your Research Paper/Presentation

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Good References Bad References

Come from a credible source

Come from a source with poor credibility

Not too old Out of date

Not biasedNot objective and fair,

biased towards one point of view

Free of errors Prone to errors

Properly cite the original source of all information

Do not cite where the information came from

Easy for other people to find or obtain

Difficult for others to obtain

Review Vocabulary from : Manx Lessons( extra choices)

1. Census2. Comeovers3. Speech community4. Neo-native speaker5. Official language6. indigenous

A. Originating in and typical of a region

or country

B. A language given legal and

governmental status within a given

country

C. An official survey of a population

carried out at set intervals

D. A word used on the Isle of Man to

describe immigrants

E. A group that includes all the

speakers of a single language

F. Speakers of a language taught from

birth by non native speakers

G. Nation state

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Review Types of Essays

Descriptive

Argumentative

Comparison

Analytical

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Essay Plans p. 67

Look at the essay plans A and B and extracts 1 and 2 on page 67.

1. Match each plan with an essay title from lesson 2. *A-D

2. Which essay is each extract from?

3. Which part of the plan is each extract from? (into, body, conclusion)

4. Take a look at the writing plans on page 69.

5. Work with another person who has the same essay prompt as you to write your introduction for your essay. *finish on your own for HW. Turn in your essay to Bilgi online by Saturday 24:00. Remember to use APA format.

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Finish the following sentences…

1. A “lingua franca” is..2. A “speech community is…3. “Endangered” means…4. “Global language ‘s is a …

which… (you can’t use the word global in your definition)

5. Indigenous’ means…6. A negative aspect of

using English as a global language is…

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