Sports Therapy Organisation Conference - Blood Flow Restriction Training
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STO Conference 2014
Tim Egerton
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Blood Flow Restriction Training
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Blood Flow Restriction Training
Performance Benefits
Working through injury
Rehabilitation
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Blood Flow Restriction Training
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Blood Flow Restriction Training
• Mechanisms Underpinning Adaptations
• Training Applications– Performance Programmes
– Rehabilitation Programmes
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Blood Flow Restriction Training
– Blood Flow Restriction
– Occlusion
– Kaatsu
• Based on vascular occlusion (achieved through compression of the vasculature proximal to the working muscle)
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Blood Flow Restriction Training
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Blood Flow Restriction Training
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Blood Flow Restriction Training
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Typical Protocols & Variables
• 3-4 sets, 15 repetitions (30 seconds recovery)– @20% 1RM approx
• Intermittent vs. continuous occlusion
• Pressure cuff vs. knee wraps– 200mmHg or 70% tightness
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Arbitrary Pressure Values
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Cuff Width
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Elasticated Knee Wraps
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Originally developed for use in elderly populations and in rehabilitation
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Strength and Hypertrophy
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Hypertrophy
Mechanical Tension
Metabolic Stress
Skeletal Muscle Damage
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Conclusion: Appears result in minimal muscle damage
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Injured Athlete
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Injured Athlete
Injury recurrence
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Injured Athlete
Injury recurrence
Underlying Dysfunction
Disuse / Atrophy
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Conclusion: Restoring a normal strength profile decreases muscle injury incidence
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Strength and Hypertrophy Paradox
Strength & Hypertrophy
Key to successful rehabilitation
Strength and Hypertrophic Adaptation
Requires loading Injured Structures
Cannot tolerate loading
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Attractive Rehabilitation Tool
But What are the Risks?
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Safety concerns: Very prolonged ischemia can lead to necrosis of muscle tissueBlood pooling in extremities could lead to thrombus formation
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Pre-Training Screening Questionnaire
• Do you have a personal or family history of clotting disorders (e.g. SLE (lupus), haemophilia, high platelets)?
• Do you have a past history of DVT or pulmonary embolus? • Do you smoke? • Are you on any medication including the contraceptive pill? • Do you have a history of injury to your arteries or veins? • Do you have a history of injury to any of your nerves (including
back or neck injury)? • Do you have diabetes? Does anyone in your family have diabetes? • Does your current or previous training include resistance training? • Do you have any history of high blood pressure?
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Rehab Rationale
Standard Protocol
Safety Considerations
Specific Example
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Achilles Tendon Treatment
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Achilles Rehabilitation
Conclusion: Strong evidence in support of Alfredson Protocol
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Conclusion: Full range of motion eccentric exercises show low patient satisfaction compared to floor level exercises
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Conclusion: Association between Achilles tendinopathy and tendon stiffness. With lower stiffness observed in tendons affected by tendinopathy.
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Performance Benefits
Rehabilitation Tool
Injury Treatment
Tool