Sports nutritionSports nutrition

Pennington Biomedical Research Pennington Biomedical Research CenterCenter

Nutrition for Health ProfessionalsNutrition for Health Professionals

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People who are physically active on a regular People who are physically active on a regular basis have a reduced risk of hypertension, basis have a reduced risk of hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, heart disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, depression, anxiety, sleep problems, and depression, anxiety, sleep problems, and frailty. frailty.

Exercise reduces the risk of gaining weight Exercise reduces the risk of gaining weight and becoming obese, reduces the risk for and becoming obese, reduces the risk for stroke and, now we have some very good stroke and, now we have some very good data that indicates that certain types of data that indicates that certain types of cancer may be reduced by exercise.cancer may be reduced by exercise.

Benefits of exerciseBenefits of exercise

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Cardiovascular healthCardiovascular health– Increases heart strength and overall cardiovascular Increases heart strength and overall cardiovascular

function, which decreases chance of developing function, which decreases chance of developing coronary heart disease and strokecoronary heart disease and stroke

– Helps maintain healthy blood pressureHelps maintain healthy blood pressure– Can increase HDL-cholesterol and lower Can increase HDL-cholesterol and lower

LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood

ObesityObesity– Helps maintain lean tissue and promote loss of fat Helps maintain lean tissue and promote loss of fat

tissuetissue– Assists in better control of appetite & increases Assists in better control of appetite & increases

energy expenditureenergy expenditure– Helps prevent or reverse development of diseases Helps prevent or reverse development of diseases

associated with obesity including type 2 DM, HTN, associated with obesity including type 2 DM, HTN, and CVD (even if one can’t attain a more healthy and CVD (even if one can’t attain a more healthy weight)weight)

Exercise has Exercise has Specific Specific

Benefits on:Benefits on:

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Muscular health Muscular health – Contributes to building and maintaining Contributes to building and maintaining

muscle mass and muscle tonemuscle mass and muscle tone

DiabetesDiabetes– Increases glucose uptake by muscle tissue Increases glucose uptake by muscle tissue

cells independent of insulin actioncells independent of insulin action– Contributes to energy balance, which Contributes to energy balance, which

decreases risk of type 2 diabetes and decreases risk of type 2 diabetes and related complicationsrelated complications

OsteoporosisOsteoporosis– Helps strengthen bones and contributes Helps strengthen bones and contributes

to joint health to joint health

Exercise has Exercise has Specific Specific

Benefits on:Benefits on:

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InfectionsInfections– Reduces susceptibility to respiratory and Reduces susceptibility to respiratory and

other infections by enhancing various other infections by enhancing various functions of the immune systemfunctions of the immune system

CancerCancer– Reduces risk of colon cancer, and likely Reduces risk of colon cancer, and likely

breast cancerbreast cancer

Gastrointestinal healthGastrointestinal health– Improves peristaltic function and colonic Improves peristaltic function and colonic

mass movements mass movements– Lessens risk for gallstones and related Lessens risk for gallstones and related

gallbladder diseasegallbladder disease

Exercise has Exercise has Specific Specific

Benefits on:Benefits on:

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Fewer Injuries (from falls)Fewer Injuries (from falls)– Contributes to balance and agility, especially in Contributes to balance and agility, especially in

older adulthoodolder adulthood

Psychological healthPsychological health– Reduces depression, anxiety, and mental Reduces depression, anxiety, and mental

stress, while enhancing a sense of well- stress, while enhancing a sense of well-being and self- image, and being and self- image, and improving sleep patternsimproving sleep patterns

Exercise has Exercise has Specific Specific

Benefits on:Benefits on:

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– Start slowlyStart slowly

– Vary your workouts; make it funVary your workouts; make it fun

– Workout with friends and othersWorkout with friends and others

– Set specific attainable goals and monitor Set specific attainable goals and monitor progressprogress

– Set aside a specific time each day for exercise; Set aside a specific time each day for exercise; build it into your routine, but make it build it into your routine, but make it convenientconvenient

– Reward yourself for being successful in Reward yourself for being successful in keeping up with your goalskeeping up with your goals

– Don’t worry about occasional setbacks; focus Don’t worry about occasional setbacks; focus on the long-term benefits to your healthon the long-term benefits to your health

Experts Experts recommend that, recommend that, to help yourself to help yourself

stay with an stay with an exercise exercise

program, you program, you shouldshould:

Recommendations:Recommendations:

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There is nothing unique about the optimal diet There is nothing unique about the optimal diet for a person who is in an exercise program. for a person who is in an exercise program. One important aspect about physical activity One important aspect about physical activity and its interaction with nutrition is that, when and its interaction with nutrition is that, when people become physically active, research people become physically active, research shows that they will spontaneously eat more. shows that they will spontaneously eat more.

Over time, exercised individuals will be able to Over time, exercised individuals will be able to maintain their energy balance, reducing maintain their energy balance, reducing weight gains that occur with aging.weight gains that occur with aging.

DietDiet

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Because of the increased energy demands of Because of the increased energy demands of physical activity, individuals need to eat physical activity, individuals need to eat a little bit more in their diet to a little bit more in their diet to maintain their body weight. maintain their body weight.

This, in turn, means that they are This, in turn, means that they are spontaneously getting more of the other spontaneously getting more of the other types of nutrients in their diet: types of nutrients in their diet: protein, protein, vitamins, and minerals.vitamins, and minerals.

Energy NeedsEnergy Needs

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An exercise program combined with An exercise program combined with supplemental protein or micronutrients supplemental protein or micronutrients has no great benefits over exercise alone has no great benefits over exercise alone as far as increasing aerobic capacity, as far as increasing aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and function. muscle strength, and function.

To date, there is little added benefit from To date, there is little added benefit from the nutritional manipulation on the nutritional manipulation on performance. performance.

SupplementsSupplements

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There is no evidence whatsoever that There is no evidence whatsoever that increasing protein over and above what increasing protein over and above what people normally take in their diet will people normally take in their diet will optimize the gain in muscle mass with optimize the gain in muscle mass with exercise or optimize performance. Most exercise or optimize performance. Most Americans well exceed the RDA for protein Americans well exceed the RDA for protein each day anyways. each day anyways.

So, for healthy men and women, adding So, for healthy men and women, adding protein supplements is not going to help protein supplements is not going to help at all. at all.

Protein: Protein: SupplementationSupplementation

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Typical protein needs for athletes range from Typical protein needs for athletes range from 1.2 to 1.6 g/kg1.2 to 1.6 g/kg body weight. body weight.

For endurance athletes, about 10% of For endurance athletes, about 10% of energy comes from protein and these energy comes from protein and these individuals should aim for the higher value.individuals should aim for the higher value.

Untrained subjects undergoing endurance Untrained subjects undergoing endurance trainingtraining increase their protein need to about increase their protein need to about 1.0 to 1.2 g/kg/d, well above the 1.0 to 1.2 g/kg/d, well above the RDA of 0.8 g/kg body weight. RDA of 0.8 g/kg body weight.

Protein: Protein: AthletesAthletes

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In the initial stages of body building when a In the initial stages of body building when a lot of new tissue is being built, intake lot of new tissue is being built, intake should be around should be around 1.8-2.0 g/kg1.8-2.0 g/kg body weight. body weight.

This is probably due to the fact that This is probably due to the fact that resistance exercise seems to exert an resistance exercise seems to exert an anabolic effect and allows for better protein anabolic effect and allows for better protein utilization. utilization.

Once the desired muscle mass is achieved, Once the desired muscle mass is achieved, protein intake need not exceed twice that protein intake need not exceed twice that

of the RDA ( of the RDA ( > > 1.6 g/kg). 1.6 g/kg).

Protein: Protein: Body buildingBody building

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A subset of about A subset of about 20 to 25% of older men 20 to 25% of older men and womenand women may not get the RDA for may not get the RDA for protein. For them (and the very frail, or protein. For them (and the very frail, or with denture problems and poor food with denture problems and poor food intake) increased protein intake is intake) increased protein intake is recommended when they are starting an recommended when they are starting an exercise program. exercise program.

Protein should be from food sources, not Protein should be from food sources, not from supplements. Milk shakes and other from supplements. Milk shakes and other dairy-based foods can greatly help.dairy-based foods can greatly help.

Protein: Protein: Older AdultsOlder Adults

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There could be a toxicity risk when people start There could be a toxicity risk when people start consuming too much protein (over 2.0 g/kg/d). consuming too much protein (over 2.0 g/kg/d).

An excessive load of protein represents a An excessive load of protein represents a stressful stimulus for the kidney. This is even stressful stimulus for the kidney. This is even more of a concern as we get older, when the more of a concern as we get older, when the kidneys activities decrease.kidneys activities decrease.

Very high protein diets will result in Very high protein diets will result in overworking the filtration system of the overworking the filtration system of the kidneys.kidneys.

Protein: Protein: ToxicityToxicity

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Amino acid supplements are widely used by Amino acid supplements are widely used by athletes. These supplements are not athletes. These supplements are not digested and absorbed in the body as readily digested and absorbed in the body as readily as amino acids coming from food sources. as amino acids coming from food sources.

Moreover, amino acid supplements tend to Moreover, amino acid supplements tend to cause an imbalance of the amino acids cause an imbalance of the amino acids already present in the body. already present in the body.

AA: AA: SupplementsSupplements

Source/Source/SystemSystem

When in UseWhen in Use Examples of an Examples of an ExerciseExercise

ATPATP At all timesAt all times All typesAll types

PhosphocreatinPhosphocreatine e

(PCr)(PCr)

All exercises initiallyAll exercises initially; extreme exercise ; extreme exercise thereafterthereafter

Shotput, jumpingShotput, jumping

Carbohydrate Carbohydrate (anaerobic)(anaerobic)

High-intensity exerciseHigh-intensity exercise, especially , especially lasting 30 seconds to 2 minuteslasting 30 seconds to 2 minutes

200-yard (20 meter) 200-yard (20 meter) sprintsprint

CarbohydrateCarbohydrate

(aerobic)(aerobic)

Exercise lasting 2 minutes to 4-5 hoursExercise lasting 2 minutes to 4-5 hours; ; the higher the intensity, the greater the the higher the intensity, the greater the useuse

Basketball, swimming, Basketball, swimming, joggingjogging

Fat Fat

(aerobic)(aerobic)

Exercise lasting more than a few Exercise lasting more than a few minutesminutes; greater amounts are used at ; greater amounts are used at lower exercise intensitieslower exercise intensities

Long-distance running, Long-distance running, long-distance cycling; long-distance cycling; much of the fuel used in much of the fuel used in a brisk walk is fata brisk walk is fat

ProteinProtein

(aerobic)(aerobic)

Low quantity during all exerciseLow quantity during all exercise; ; moderate quantity in endurance moderate quantity in endurance exercise, especially when carbohydrate exercise, especially when carbohydrate fuel is lackingfuel is lacking

Long-distance runningLong-distance running

Fuels for muscle cellsFuels for muscle cells

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During periods of relaxation, muscles synthesize PCr from ATP and During periods of relaxation, muscles synthesize PCr from ATP and creatine and then store this in small amounts. As soon as ADP, creatine and then store this in small amounts. As soon as ADP, from the breakdown of ATP, begins to accumulate in a contracting from the breakdown of ATP, begins to accumulate in a contracting muscle, an enzyme is activated that transfers a high-energy Pi muscle, an enzyme is activated that transfers a high-energy Pi from PCr to ADP, thus reforming ATP.from PCr to ADP, thus reforming ATP.

PCr + ADP PCr + ADP Cr + ATP Cr + ATP

Phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine (PCr)(PCr)

Advantage of PCrAdvantage of PCr: It can be activated instantly and can replenish ATP at rates fast enough to meet the energy demands of the fastest and most powerful sports events.

Disadvantage of PCrDisadvantage of PCr: Not enough is made and stored in the muscle to sustain a high rate of ATP resupply for more than a few minutes.

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The anaerobic pathway has three major The anaerobic pathway has three major disadvantages:disadvantages:– It can’t sustain ATP production for longIt can’t sustain ATP production for long– Only about 5% of the energy available from Only about 5% of the energy available from

glucose is released during glycolysisglucose is released during glycolysis– The rapid accumulation of lactate greatly The rapid accumulation of lactate greatly

increases the acidity of muscle cellsincreases the acidity of muscle cells

Because high acidity inhibits the activity of key Because high acidity inhibits the activity of key enzymes in glycolysis, anaerobic ATP production enzymes in glycolysis, anaerobic ATP production soon slows and fatigue sets in.soon slows and fatigue sets in.

Anaerobic PathwayAnaerobic PathwayCarbohydrateCarbohydrate

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If there is plenty of oxygen available in muscles If there is plenty of oxygen available in muscles (aerobic state) and the physical activity is of (aerobic state) and the physical activity is of moderate to low intensity (jogging or distance moderate to low intensity (jogging or distance swimming), then the bulk of pyruvate produced swimming), then the bulk of pyruvate produced by glycolysis is shuttled to the mitochondria and by glycolysis is shuttled to the mitochondria and further metabolized into carbon dioxide and further metabolized into carbon dioxide and water in a series of reactions.water in a series of reactions.

Although the aerobic pathway supplies ATP Although the aerobic pathway supplies ATP more slowly than does the anaerobic pathway, it more slowly than does the anaerobic pathway, it releases more energy.releases more energy.

In addition, ATP production via the aerobic In addition, ATP production via the aerobic pathway can be sustained for hours.pathway can be sustained for hours.

Aerobic PathwayAerobic PathwayCarbohydrateCarbohydrate

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Factors that Factors that increaseincrease the rate at which muscles the rate at which muscles use fatty acids for energy.use fatty acids for energy.

– How much the particular muscle is trainedHow much the particular muscle is trained Muscles that are highly trained contain more, Muscles that are highly trained contain more, larger mitochondria when compared to similar larger mitochondria when compared to similar untrained muscles.untrained muscles.

– The concentration of fatty acidsThe concentration of fatty acids released from released from adipose stores into the bloodstream adipose stores into the bloodstream If more is present, then more will be If more is present, then more will be used.used.

– Length of exercise Length of exercise As exercise becomes increasingly As exercise becomes increasingly prolonged, fat use predominates (especially if prolonged, fat use predominates (especially if exercise remains at a low->moderate aerobic rate).exercise remains at a low->moderate aerobic rate).

Fat Fat Main fuel for prolonged low-intensity exerciseMain fuel for prolonged low-intensity exercise

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Although amino acids derived from protein Although amino acids derived from protein are used to fuel muscles, their contribution are used to fuel muscles, their contribution is relatively small when compared with is relatively small when compared with that of carbohydrate and fat.that of carbohydrate and fat.

Only about 5% of the body’s general Only about 5% of the body’s general energy needs are supplied by proteins.energy needs are supplied by proteins.

However, proteins can contribute However, proteins can contribute significantly to energy needs in endurance significantly to energy needs in endurance exercise, perhaps as much as 10-15%, exercise, perhaps as much as 10-15%, especially as glycogen stores in the muscle especially as glycogen stores in the muscle are exhausted.are exhausted.

Protein Protein Minor fuel source, primarily for endurance Minor fuel source, primarily for endurance

exerciseexercise

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A 100-meter sprint is powered by stored A 100-meter sprint is powered by stored ATP, creatine phosphate, and glycolysis of ATP, creatine phosphate, and glycolysis of muscle glycogen producing lactic acid.muscle glycogen producing lactic acid.

A 1000-meter run is powered at first by A 1000-meter run is powered at first by ATP, creatine phosphate and glycolysis and ATP, creatine phosphate and glycolysis and also some fat oxidation.also some fat oxidation.

MarathonMarathon: ATP generated equally from : ATP generated equally from glycogen and fatty acids are used as fuel glycogen and fatty acids are used as fuel for marathons.for marathons.

Fuel Use and SourcesFuel Use and Sources

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More Carbohydrate

More Fat

ATP

Velocity versus FuelVelocity versus Fuel

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The daily energy needs of an athlete depend The daily energy needs of an athlete depend on his/her activity factor. A high level of on his/her activity factor. A high level of sustained activity can double the daily energy sustained activity can double the daily energy required for BMR and activity. required for BMR and activity.

Weight maintenance indicates adequate caloric Weight maintenance indicates adequate caloric intake.intake.

Energy NeedsEnergy Needs

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Calories are an important factor but not one to Calories are an important factor but not one to worry very much over because normal appetite worry very much over because normal appetite regulation will enable individuals to adjust their regulation will enable individuals to adjust their intake, depending on what their energy intake, depending on what their energy expenditure dictates. expenditure dictates.

If a person starts an exercise program, his/her If a person starts an exercise program, his/her appetite will generally increase to meet the appetite will generally increase to meet the body's extra needs and, in this way, the body's extra needs and, in this way, the individual will be able to maintain weight. individual will be able to maintain weight.

Energy NeedsEnergy Needs

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Higher energy intake generally assures Higher energy intake generally assures greater intake of vitamins and minerals if greater intake of vitamins and minerals if sensible meals are consumed.sensible meals are consumed.

Long distance and marathon runners may Long distance and marathon runners may require require iron supplementationiron supplementation due to due to breakdown of red blood cells during breakdown of red blood cells during prolonged running events.prolonged running events.

Vitamins and MineralsVitamins and Minerals

Carbohydrate LoadingCarbohydrate Loading

DaysDays 11 22 33 44 55 66

Exercise Time Exercise Time (minutes)(minutes)

RestRest 2020 2020 4040 4040 6060

Carbohydrate Carbohydrate (g)(g)

600600 606000

600600 450450 450450 450450

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MarathonsMarathons

Long-distance swimmingLong-distance swimming

Cross-country skiingCross-country skiing

30-k runs30-k runs

TriathlonsTriathlons

SoccerSoccer

Long-distance canoe racingLong-distance canoe racing

Cycling eventsCycling events

““Appropriate” Activities Appropriate” Activities for Carbohydrate for Carbohydrate

Loading…Loading…

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Football gamesFootball games

10-k runs10-k runs

Walking and hikingWalking and hiking

Most swimming eventsMost swimming events

Basketball gamesBasketball games

Weight liftingWeight lifting

Most track and fieldMost track and field

““Inappropriate” Inappropriate” Activities for Activities for

Carbohydrate Loading…Carbohydrate Loading…

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One nutrient that we don't often think about One nutrient that we don't often think about that is essential for a successful exercise that is essential for a successful exercise programprogram——fluidsfluids! It is important to monitor the ! It is important to monitor the hydration level of the physically active person. hydration level of the physically active person.

Many people are dehydrated subclinically, Many people are dehydrated subclinically, especially older individuals or people who are especially older individuals or people who are exercising in heat and, in these situations, exercising in heat and, in these situations, hydration needs go up precipitously. hydration needs go up precipitously.

FluidsFluids

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Active people should be Active people should be encouraged to drink more non-encouraged to drink more non-alcoholic, non-caffeinated fluids alcoholic, non-caffeinated fluids when they become physically when they become physically active. active.

At least eight (8 ounce) glasses of At least eight (8 ounce) glasses of fluids per day.fluids per day.

FluidsFluids

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Athletes that depend on weight class to enter Athletes that depend on weight class to enter an event run a risk of dehydration.an event run a risk of dehydration.

As little as 3% loss of body weight as water As little as 3% loss of body weight as water impairs performance, particularly endurance impairs performance, particularly endurance events. events.

DehydrationDehydration

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Normal weightNormal weight

ThirstThirst

Stronger thirst, vague discomfortStronger thirst, vague discomfort

Economy of movement, impatience, Economy of movement, impatience, sleepiness, apathysleepiness, apathy

Tingling in arms, feet, headache, increase in Tingling in arms, feet, headache, increase in body temperaturebody temperature

Dizziness, cyanosis, indistinct speech, Dizziness, cyanosis, indistinct speech, mental confusionmental confusion

0

2

4

6

8

Perc

ent w

eigh

t los

s

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Normal weightNormal weight

Spastic muscles, general incapacity, Spastic muscles, general incapacity, delirium, failing renal functiondelirium, failing renal function

Shriveled skin, inability to swallow, Shriveled skin, inability to swallow, sunken eyes, painful urinationsunken eyes, painful urination

Cessation of urine formation, Cessation of urine formation, cracked skin, bare survival limitcracked skin, bare survival limit

DeathDeath

Perc

ent w

eigh

t los

s10

15

20

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Heat related illnesses includeHeat related illnesses include

– heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat strokeheat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke. .

Heat crampsHeat cramps are deemed the most benign. are deemed the most benign. They are characterized by painful spasms of They are characterized by painful spasms of the skeletal musculature, particularly the legs. the skeletal musculature, particularly the legs. The body temperature is usually normal.The body temperature is usually normal.

Exercising in Hot Exercising in Hot ClimatesClimates

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Heat exhaustionHeat exhaustion is characterized by fluid is characterized by fluid depletion. Patients tend to present sweating depletion. Patients tend to present sweating profusely. Symptoms include headaches, profusely. Symptoms include headaches, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and syncope. nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and syncope. Treatment includes rest, rehydration (which Treatment includes rest, rehydration (which often needs to be given intravenously), and often needs to be given intravenously), and cooling.cooling.

Exercising in Hot Exercising in Hot ClimatesClimates

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Heat strokeHeat stroke is a life threatening emergency is a life threatening emergency defined as a high core temperature (>40Cdefined as a high core temperature (>40C°°) ) accompanied by neurological symptoms. The accompanied by neurological symptoms. The presentation can range between a patient with presentation can range between a patient with minimal to no sweating, to a patient with profuse minimal to no sweating, to a patient with profuse sweating.sweating.

The patient should be moved to a cool The patient should be moved to a cool environment, clothing removed and evaporative environment, clothing removed and evaporative cooling of the skin encouraged by spraying tepid cooling of the skin encouraged by spraying tepid water over the body, while electric fans are water over the body, while electric fans are directed at the patient. If available, bags of ice directed at the patient. If available, bags of ice should be placed over the major vessels in the should be placed over the major vessels in the axillae, groin and neck or ice water baths. axillae, groin and neck or ice water baths.

Heat stroke requires treatment in the ER.Heat stroke requires treatment in the ER.

Exercising in Hot Exercising in Hot ClimatesClimates

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– These listed individuals shouldThese listed individuals should not not have a have a regular exercise program until their condition regular exercise program until their condition has better stabilized. Also not beneficial for has better stabilized. Also not beneficial for those immediately after a major surgery, those those immediately after a major surgery, those with a progressive neurological disorder, or any with a progressive neurological disorder, or any type of progressive disease state that has not type of progressive disease state that has not been stabilized.been stabilized.

People who would People who would not not benefit from an exercise benefit from an exercise

programprogramThose with unstable medical Those with unstable medical conditions:conditions:

• Unstable anginaUnstable angina• Out-of-control diabetesOut-of-control diabetes• Uncontrolled blood pressure Uncontrolled blood pressure • Or patients who have experienced Or patients who have experienced

otherother serious medical serious medical events events within the last six within the last six monthsmonths

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Wardlaw G., Kessel M. Perspectives in Wardlaw G., Kessel M. Perspectives in nutrition. 5nutrition. 5thth ed. 2002. ed. 2002.

ReferencesReferences

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Division of EducationDivision of Education

Pennington Biomedical Pennington Biomedical Research CenterResearch Center

Phillip Brantley, PhD, DirectorPhillip Brantley, PhD, DirectorPennington Biomedical Pennington Biomedical Research CenterResearch Center

Claude Bouchard, PhD, Claude Bouchard, PhD, Executive Director Executive Director

Heli J. Roy, PhD, RDHeli J. Roy, PhD, RD

Shanna Lundy, BS Shanna Lundy, BS

Beth KalickiBeth Kalicki

About Our CompanyAbout Our CompanyThe Pennington Biomedical Research Center is a world-renowned nutrition research center.The Pennington Biomedical Research Center is a world-renowned nutrition research center.

  

Mission:Mission:

To promote healthier lives through research and education in nutrition and preventive medicine. To promote healthier lives through research and education in nutrition and preventive medicine.

  

The Pennington Center has several research areas, including:The Pennington Center has several research areas, including:

  

Clinical Obesity ResearchClinical Obesity Research

Experimental ObesityExperimental Obesity

Functional FoodsFunctional Foods

Health and Performance EnhancementHealth and Performance Enhancement

Nutrition and Chronic DiseasesNutrition and Chronic Diseases

Nutrition and the BrainNutrition and the Brain

Dementia, Alzheimer’s and healthy agingDementia, Alzheimer’s and healthy aging

Diet, exercise, weight loss and weight loss maintenanceDiet, exercise, weight loss and weight loss maintenance

  

The research fostered in these areas can have a profound impact on healthy living and on the prevention of common The research fostered in these areas can have a profound impact on healthy living and on the prevention of common chronic diseases, such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension and osteoporosis. chronic diseases, such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension and osteoporosis.

  

The Division of Education provides education and information to the scientific community and the public about research The Division of Education provides education and information to the scientific community and the public about research findings, training programs and research areas, and coordinates educational events for the public on various health findings, training programs and research areas, and coordinates educational events for the public on various health issues.issues.

  

We invite people of all ages and backgrounds to participate in the exciting research studies being conducted at the We invite people of all ages and backgrounds to participate in the exciting research studies being conducted at the Pennington  Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. If you would like to take part, visit the clinical trials web page at Pennington  Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. If you would like to take part, visit the clinical trials web page at www.pbrc.edu or call (225) 763-3000.www.pbrc.edu or call (225) 763-3000.

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