SPORT, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE IN AUSTRALIA.
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Transcript of SPORT, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE IN AUSTRALIA.
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SPORT, PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE IN AUSTRALIA
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Sport and Society
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=stL6EBxeJGM
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Social Construction of the Body in Physical Activity
• Body ImageThe image you have of your own body and how you feel about it.
• Self-image and self-conceptThe picture you have of yourself as a total person.Includes body-image, personality, intellectual capacity and ability to “fit” into society.
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• Self-esteemRefers to the feelings you have about yourself that are based on your self-image.Low : inadequacy, anxiety, self-doubt and inferiority.High: happy, active role in social groups, generates self-confidence.
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No-one can make you feel inferior
without your consent.
Eleanor Roosevelt
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Adonis ComplexBigorexia is catching men -here's why!
Men are buying into the beauty myth, except that instead of being thin – its BIG….big muscles that is. It’s about obsessing about ‘pecs’, ‘lats’ and a washboard 6-pack. No longer are body dissatisfaction and breast implants the sole domain of women as they once were. There's a new focus on male bodies leading to a new disorder. In psychiatric circles, it is known as ‘muscle dysmorphia’ (an obsession about musclebuilding) but to the layman it’s Bigorexia or the Adonis Complex. It's like reverse anorexia.
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What is the ideal Body image?
This is what society constructs or perceives to be ideal.
1. Ancient Egypt
Thin, angular bodies, adorned with headdresses and jewellery were admired.
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2. Ancient Greece and Rome
The admired stereotypes were athletic, well-muscled men and heavy-hipped women. In Greece the male athletes often competed naked to give maximum freedom of movement.
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3. The Middle AgesReligious authorities frowned on the flaunting of the body. There were many wars and famines so little time was left for the consideration of body image
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4. The Renaissance
Large, soft-flesh women were considered beautiful. Men wore voluminous suits of rich, brightly coloured fabrics
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5. The 1800sWomen wore corsets that thrust the bust upward and constricted the waist – restricting breathing and causing abdominal pain – to accentuate the size of their bottoms.
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6. The 1930s• Fashion accentuates the natural shape.• Social revolution – wore costumes on beach
that didn’t cover their legs and arms.• NSW – men couldn’t swim bare-chested.
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7. The 1940s
Women – hour glass figure: large bust, well-rounded bottom and small waste – with padded shoulders
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8. Late 20th and early 21st Century• Very weight conscious• Fad diets• Joining gyms• Public mania – supported by mass media• Females – well-toned, athletic look• Males – highly muscled, low body-fat, well-proportioned
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Adonis Complex
Muscle dysmorphia is a disorder in which a person becomes obsessed with the idea that he or she is not muscular enough.
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IS THIS REALISTIC?
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ACTIVITY 1
Purpose: To show that body shapes and sizes vary according to a performer’s sport and their role in sport.
Study the following photographs and answer therelated questions in your booklet.
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Women’s Sports Clothing and changing social values.
ACTIVITY 2Purpose:
To show how changing social values are evident in changing styles of female tennis players’ clothing
Study the following photographs and answer therelated questions in your booklet.
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1905
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1930
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1950s
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1970 – 1990s
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2009
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GENDER ISSUES IN SPORT AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sOOdTZNoUTY&feature=related
• Male Sports
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Female Sports
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Gender neutral sports
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POLITICS AND SPORT
• 1936 Berlin Olympics
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• Mexico City, 1968
There was a protest by black Americans but no boycott. Smith, who won the 200-meter dash at the Olympic Games in Mexico City, along with bronze medalist and teammate , John Carlos.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KAHsYmaodkA&feature=related
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• Munich, 1972
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• Montreal, 1976
28 countries boycotted due to New Zealand being allowed to take part (as they had played a rebel game of rugby against South Africa)
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• Moscow, 1980
Boycotted by the USA and a number of other Western countries because of the invasion of Afghanistan by the former Soviet Union.
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• Los Angeles, 1984 Mary Decker plunges to the infield grass after a collision with Britain's (formerly South African) Zola Budd, right, in the women's 3000-meter event at the Olympics
Eastern Bloc countries boycotted the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles in retaliation for the US boycott in 1980.
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• China, 2008
Opposition to China hosting the Games due to their poor human rights record