Sponges Cnidarians Comb Jellies. Jelly Fish and sponges are animals? Sponges were thought to be...

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Sponges Cnidarians Comb Jellies

Transcript of Sponges Cnidarians Comb Jellies. Jelly Fish and sponges are animals? Sponges were thought to be...

SpongesCnidarians

Comb Jellies

Jelly Fish and sponges are animals?Sponges were thought to

be _______ because they_______

___________________Jellyfish were classified as

the simplest animals,__________

_________________.What classifies an animal?

The ___________classifies an organism

Unique Features of SpongesPhylum Porifera

• Based on the previous video whyDo sponges need light?_________________________________________No Movement (________)

No TissueNo Tissue

No organsNo organs

What do sponges have?• Body is made of special cells that act

like organs; _________________• ____________________• ________________ “Mouth”

• ________________: Collar cells: “heart” _____________: “Stomach”

• _______________: “skeleton”

Examples of Sponges10,000 species

   

Glass spongesBath Sponge

Calcium Carbonate Sponge

Sponges are classified Based on spicules “_________” __________________. Ex: Silica, spongin, calcium carbonate

Feeding and Digestion

• Suspension feeders (_________________)• ___________________unicellular algae, bits of organic

matter (detritus)• Size matters– _____________--pinacocytes and archaeocytes– ______________--choanocytes

• ______________do most of the digestion and storage of food

• Wastes leave via _________

Reproduction• __________________________

____________________• _______________ (Can grow

back)• Sexual reproduction

– Sperm enter though the ostia, choanocytes carry them to the egg.

– Larvae usually develop in the adult then exit through osculum,.

_______________of Sponges• Filter feeders: Filter out the water– Sponges are eaten ______________________– sponge crabs place a sponges on their backto camouflage with their environment - ______________________for animals

Human Importance of Sponges• _________________: provides

jobs and drives economy in towns that collect them

Phylum Cnidariahydra, stinging jellyfish,

coral, anemones

General Characteristics of Cnidarians: Jellyfish

• http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/animals/invertebrates-animals/other-invertebrates/jellyfish.html

• ________________• _______________________• _________________________ define this group

nematocytes: stinging cellsnematocytes: stinging cells

Cnidarians

• Have __________________• _________ or _____ body plans

CnidarianCnidarianStructureStructure

• __________________________________• _______________2

tissue layers (_____________)– Epidermis– Endoderm (gastric) – Mesoglea (jelly)

between the two tissue layers. _________________

– __________________

Reproduction in Cnidarians

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________: Turritopsis nutricula after the Medusa stage it goes back to the polyp and then Medusa then polyp “forever”

Feeding and Digestion• Tentacles with_____________• ____________________

– suspension feeders, plankton– jellyfish are carnivorous-hunt vertebrates and

invertebrates

• Tentacles then _____________• ________________________• Enzymes digest, cells absorb• __________________________• __________________________• http://www.yourdiscovery.com/video/

natures-perfect-predators-australian-box-jellyfish/

Blue=anemone mouthred= fish flesh

Jellyfish catching fish

Anemone eating mussel

Cnidaria have:Cnidocytes, stinging cells that capture prey

Nervous System• ________________• ________________• Respond to stimuli from all directions• Nerve net controls responses and movement

Phylum Cnidarians: Include ClassesScyphozoa: JellyfishCubuzoa: Box JellyfishHydrozoa: HydroidsAnthozoa: Corals, Sea Anemones

Class Scyphozoa: Jelllyfish

• ______________________, over 280 species:

• http://www.yourdiscovery.com/video/natures-perfect-predators-australian-box-jellyfish/

1. Crown Jellyfish

2. Sea Nettles3. Blubber Jellyfish

Class Scyphozoa (jellyfish)• _________ = primary stage• ______________________

Domed Shape• most are small _________• _____________________• largest reach 70+ meters• And 450 pounds• http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/

28865-discover-magazine-jelly-fish-behavior-and-diet-video.htm

Class: Cubuzoa• Not True Jellyfish different then scyphozoans• Called______________• __________shaped not umbrella shaped like

scyphozoans.• This shape makes them ____________• _______________________• Much ____________in Nematocysts• More developed nervous system• http://www.yourdiscovery.com/video/natures-perfect-predators-

australian-box-jellyfish/

Box Jelly

True Jellyfish

Long Island Scyphozoa

Lions mane can get up to 8 feet, normally 12 inches as seen In the picture to the right

Moon Jellyfish 4-10 inchesThere sting does not hurt people

For JellyfishSting use vinegarTo neutralize theVenom:

Jellyfish as Food?

Scyphozoa: Hydrozoa

• ________________________________– feeding polyps– reproductive polyps

• ________________________________• __________________________.

Instead, the colony is suspended from a gas sac. Usually found in tropical waters but can be pushed by currents as far North to Canadian waters

• man o war

Anthozoa (sea anemones, coral, gorgonians)

• _________________, most are sessile, never in the medusa stage

• Most Anthozoans _______________and therefore require light to live.

• ___________• ________________• __________________

Anthozoa: Corals _________________________________Re

ef Builders and non reef builders

__________are called ________ corals or Hard Corals

____________are called ___________ corals or soft Corals

Soft Coral/non building reef corals

Hard Coral/ reef building corals

Anthozoa: Hermatypic CoralsThey obtain part of their energy from_________________________________________________________. They secrete calcium carbonate to form a __________________.

Hermatypic CoralsCreate Reefs called the Rainforest of

the sea• _______________________• _______________________• ___________ ocean contains

coral reefs• Reefs worldwide provide

economic services worth $375 billion per year.

___________________________________________________

• At the current rate of coral bleaching due to warmer sea temperatures, All coral reef ecosystems will be gone in 30-40 years.

• Healthy Bleached

Phylum Ctenophora

Comb Jellies

Comb Jellies• Resemble jellyfish, • Comb plates (rows of

cilia) run along exterior and propel the animal

• Most do not have cnidocytes

• Secrete sticky substance to bind prey or net-like tentacles

Bioluminescence to attract prey, mates, or perhaps to deter predators

Usually found in deep waters