THEME 1

1. What is history?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Give reasons, why do we need to study history?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Explain who are historians?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Who is this Archaeologist?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. What is an Archive?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. What kind of objects do we keep in a museum?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1

7. Give one way of measuring time and what was meat by A.D.?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. What is meant by B.C. and how many years a there in a century?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. What is meant by ‘hijrah’?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. The first hijrah was the same year as what year in the Gregorian calendar and what was the first month of the Muslim calendar?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11.Name any two month of the Muslim Calendar?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12.What is meant by chronology?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2

13.What can you understand from the word historic time?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14.Explain what is meant by Pre-Historic Time?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15.Name any two of the division of the historic times?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

16.List down two ages from the Pre-Historic Times?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

17.Give any two types of evidences?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

18.Tell me two examples of artefacts?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3

19.Name two countries that have early trading relationship with Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

20. Give two places of archaeological finding to understand the history of Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

21.Give two type of evidence to understand Brunei early history?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22.What is Batu Tarsilah?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

23.Give two sources of how Islam Spread in Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4

THEME 2

1. Which records mention a place called Po-li in the sixth century and where was the direction in the island of Borneo?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Vijayapura was founded by which royal families and in which century it entered in the Chinese and Arabs record?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What is meant by Vijayapura and how did the royal families of Funan come to Vijayapura?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What did the Chinese and Arabs called Vijayapura?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. What was the main activity of Vijayapura and what was its main export?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5

6. Give examples of the area or length of territory which were controlled by Vijayapura?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. Po-ni entered in the Chinese reports in what year and name one of its religion?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Po-ni trade was protected by a navy, who was the leader and the sailor of the navy?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. Who visit Po-ni in 1225 and give one of his reports?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. Name any two of the reports written by Chua Ju Kua on Po-ni in 1225?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. List two areas which were controlled by Po-ni in 1280?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6

12.What happened to Po-ni in 1365?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13. Which power attack Po-ni in 1369 and who help Po-ni to fight back the aggressor?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14. Describe Po-ni in 1371 as mentioned by the Chinese reports of that year?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15. How many brothers did Awang Alak Betatar have and where did they live?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

16.Who was elected by Awang Alak Betatar to find a new place for them to live and where did they landed?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7

17.Which Malay Kingdom Invite Awang Alak Betatar and who was the Sultan at that time?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

18.Who join Awang Alak betatar in the Journey to Johore and what was the Islamic name of Awang Alak Betatar?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

19.Who was the third sultan of Brunei and what was he known as?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

20.What building did Sultan Sharif Ali build and he encouraged the teaching of what subject?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

21.List down two action that was done by Sultan Sharif Ali to show that Brunei was an Islamic country?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22.Who were the fifth Sultan of Brunei and his reign was known as what age?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8

23.Name two areas that were controlled. by Sultan Bolkiah?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

24.Which European power captured Malacca in 1511 and what happened to Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

25.Who was the ninth Sultan of Brunei and what law did he introduced?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

26.Who was on top of the system of Brunei government and who was at the bottom?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

27.Name two of the wazir in Brunei government?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

28.What are the three tradional land right systems?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9

29.Explain what is Kerajaan Land?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

30.Explain what is Kuripan Land?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

31.Explain what is Tulin Land?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

32.Name two items that Brunei exports its goods?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

33.What are the items that Brunei imports to be use in Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

34.Name a t least two countries that Brunei has a trade relation?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10

THEME 3

1. What was the name of the ship that landed in Brunei in 1521 and where did they come from?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Who made the first trip around the world and where did he finally got murdered?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. A Man visit Brunei in 1521, who was he and where did he came from?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Describe two things that was mention by Antonio Pigafetta in his description?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Who was the Spanish governor in manila ands when did he sent official visit to Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11

6. Who was the sultan during the castile war and which European power attack Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. What did the Spanish wanted when they sent an official mission to Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. When did the Castille war broke out and how many Spanish fleet attacked Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. Name the two Bruneian noble that help the Spanish?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10.After the Spanish attack where did Sultan Saiful Rijal go?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11.Who led the Bruneian army to attack the Spanish and when did the Spanish was driven out from Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12

12.Which Brunei vassal states separate from Brunei and why?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13.Give two reasons how Sulu become stronger?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14.Give two reasons why Brunei became weaker?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15.Who were the two sultans that involved in the first Brunei civil war?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

16.Where did the two sultans stayed during the civil war period?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

17. Who made an agreement with sultan of Sulu in 18th century and what was the term of the treaty?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13

18.Who was sent to Brunei in 1774 and what was his duty?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

19.Who attacked E.I.C. trading post and what island did SOAS I offered?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

20.Which European explorer visit Brunei in 1776 and what was his duty?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

21.Give two information’s about Brunei that was mention inside the Thomas Forrest account?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14

THEME 4

1. Who was the 23rd Sultan of Brunei and what were happenings during his reign?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. Who was appointed to be the governor in Sarawak in 1824 and name

the Sultan who selected him?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3. What was the other name for Kuching and what was their main

export?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Who visit Sarawak in 1834 and why?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Name the two Bruneian nobles that have a friction in Sarawak that was taken advantage by James Brooke?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Who was appointed as the governor of Sarawak in 1841 and who signed the agreement?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15

7. Who signed the treaty of 1842 and what was inside the treaty?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Which European country attack Brunei on 8th July 1846 and why?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. A treaty was signed to end the British occupation of Brunei, when was it sign and describe one of the terms of the treaty?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10.Which Bruneian island was given to the British in 1846 and who become its first governor?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. Name any two of the terms under the treaty of protection of 1847?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12.What was sign in 1885 and what are the terms?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

16

13. What was the term of the treaty of protection 1888?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14.Who took Limbang from Brunei in 17th march 1890 and why?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15.Who made a report in 1904 about Brunei and what treaty was signed afterwards?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

16. What was the term of the supplementary protectorate agreement 1905-1906?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

17

Section A

1. Vijayapura was founded by the royal family members of __________________.

A. ChenlaB. FunanC. Vyadhapura

( )

2. In the 14th century, the people of __________________ attacked Poni and stole all its gold and treasures.A. ChenlaB. Funan

C. Sulu ( )

3. Which state controlled Po-ni in the 14th century?

A. Chenla B. Majapahit C. Malacca ( )

Section B

A.

1. What was the name of this new place that they had chosen?

_____________________________________________________________________

18

2. Why did they choose this place? Give two (2) reasons.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Who followed the brothers when they went on their search for a new place?

_____________________________________________________________________

B. Fill in the scroll below with three significant observations made by Chua Ju Kua on Po-ni in 1225AD.

19

Section C

Po-ni in the 13 th century.

Imagine that you were living in the 13th century when Chua Ju Kua visited Po-ni. Give a detailed description of how life was then and some significant customs and traditions that were practiced.

20

THEME 1 SECTION BTHE DIVISIONS AND PERIODS OF HISTORY

a) State the TWO period of history. (2)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

b) What is Historic Times? (2)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

c) Give ONE period in the Historic Times. (1)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

d) Imagine you were living during the Stone Age period. Describe what would a day in your life. (3)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

HISTORICAL EVIDENCES WITH REFERENCE TO BRUNEI

21

(a) Give any TWO of the types of evidences that tell us about the history of the early Brunei. (2

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(b) Name the two areas in Brunei where the remains of a trading settlement were found. (2)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(c) What were the TWO evidences of the presence of Islam in ancient Brunei?(2)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(d) What were the two historical sources of Brunei which shows the evidence of Brunei’s beginnings? (2)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(e) Why do you think these two historical sources of Brunei were important to Brunei History? (2)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(f) What type of activity that indicates the archaeological findings in Lumut and Muara .

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

MEASURING THE PAST.

22

1. what is one of the ways to measure time?

_______________________________________________________________

2. Name any TWO types used to count time.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. The Romans use Gregorian calendar to measure dates, B.C. stands for before the birth of Prophet Isa and A.D. stands for Anno Domini. Differentiate between A.D. with B.C.- is this the question?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What is the event of Hjrah?

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Which year in the Gregorian calendar is the same as 1st Hijrah?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. State TWO differences between Gregorian and Muslim Calendar?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ASPECT OF HISTORY

23

(a) What does Oral History mean? (1)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(b) Give TWO examples of each historical evidence below: 2 marks each?(a) Artefacts: ________________________________________________(b) Written Evidence: _________________________________________

(c) Give TWO reasons why do we have to study history?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(d) Define the word ‘Archaeologist’?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(e) Describe the steps of how archaeologists do with their work OR how do archaeologists work out from their findings at the archaeological sites?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

24

Theme 2

Section B –Early Brunei

Question One- Po-ni

(a) What was the earlier name of Po-ni before 977AD? (1 mark)

____________________________________________________________________

(b) What were the two main religions practiced there? (2 marks)

____________________________________________________________________

(c) How did Po-ni obtain most of its wealth? ( 1 mark)

____________________________________________________________________

(d) What was its main export? (1 mark)

____________________________________________________________________

(e) List two observations made by Chua Ju Kua in his report on Po- ni in 1225? (2 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(f) How do we know that Po- ni was a rich empire in the 13th century? Suggest evidence. ( 3 mark)

25

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(g) Why did Po-ni decline in the mid 14th century? (3 mark)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(h) Po- ni became a vassal state of an empire in the late 14th century. Name this empire. (1 mark)

____________________________________________________________________

(i) Briefly describe Po-ni’s relations with Majapahit around 1371?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(j) How did Po-ni become weak and poor in 1371?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Question 2- The Early Sultans of Brunei.

1) What was the Muslim name of Awang Alak Betatar?

____________________________________________________________________

2) In which country was he converted to Islam? 1 Mark

____________________________________________________________________

3) What was the name of the stone tablet which records the genealogy of Brunei Sultans? 1 Mark

26

____________________________________________________________________

4) Why was this stone tablet important to Brunei?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5) Sultan Sharif Ali was known as Sultan Berkat. Give two reasons why he known as this title? 2 Marks

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6) Why was the period of Sultan Bolkiah’s rule known as the ‘Golden Age’ of Brunei? 2 Marks

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7) During the reign of Sultan Bolkiah, Islamic influence spread from Brunei to many places, even outside Borneo. How did this happen?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8) In what ways did Sultan Sharif Ali strengthen Islam in Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9) What did Sultan Sharif Ali/Sultan Bolkiah/ Sultan Muhammad Hassan do to spread Islam?

27

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10) Who introduced Hukum Kanun Brunei?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11) Explain what is Hukum Kanun Brunei. 3 Marks

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 3 – HOW BRUNEI WAS GOVERNED AND ORGANISED

a] i] Who was the Head of the traditional system of government in Brunei? [1]

__________________________________________________________________

Ii] How was His Highness appointed as the Sultan? [2]

__________________________________________________________________b] The most important officials in the system of government in Brunei were the

four Wazirs. Name any two of these Wazirs. [2]

__________________________________________________________________

c] Which Cheteria official was in charge of the port and looked after foreign traders? [1]

__________________________________________________________________

28

d] Which rank of officials does the Manteri Pendalaman come under? [1]

____________________________________________________________________

e] Name one low-ranking officials in the Brunei traditional system of government. [1]

____________________________________________________________________

f] Name any two of Brunei’s traditional land rights system. [2]

____________________________________________________________________

g ]Explain two of the three traditional land rights in Brunei. [10 marks]

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 4 – EARLY BRUNEI – BRUNEI’s TRADE

a] What was the main activity of ancient Brunei? [1]

____________________________________________________________________

b] Give any three trading partners of ancient Brunei. [3]

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

c] i] Who was the most important trading partner for ancient Brunei? [1]

__________________________________________________________________

ii] What was the product they bought from ancient Brunei? [1]

__________________________________________________________________

29

d] Name any two of the jungle products exported by ancient Brunei. [2]

____________________________________________________________________

e] Name any two luxury items from China and Siam, imported by ancient Brunei. [2]

____________________________________________________________________

Additional Questions for SECTION A:

1. Which of the following names from Chinese archives refer to Brunei in the tenth century?

A B C D

2. What do the names below refer to?

A. The names of early BruneiB. The warriors of BruneiC. Important places in BruneiD. Names of Brunei’s export

3. The following officials made up the government of Brunei in the sixteenth century. Arrange the officials in the order of their importance?

i ii iii iv

A. iv, iii, i and ii B. i, ii, iii, iv C ii, i, iv, iii D iv, i, ii, iii

30

Poli Sribuza Vijayapura Po-ni

Poli Sribuza Vijayapura Po-ni

cheteria Manteri Pegawai Wazir

Study the passage below and answer the question entail with it.

Sultan Sharif Ali

The third Sultan of Brunei was Sultan Sharif Ali. He ruled from 1452 to 1455 and

married a daughter of Sultan Ahmad, the first Sultan of Brunei. Sultan Sharif Ali

came from London in Arabia. He was descended from Prophet Muhammad

(Peace be upon him). Sultan Sharif Ali was also known as Sultan Berkat, the

Revered One, because he did so much to spread Islam.

The first thing that Sultan Sharif Ali did regarding Islam, was to build a palace.

As a sign that Brunei was an Islamic country, Sultan Sharif Ali added the name

‘Brunei’ to Brunei.

He also created a Royal Emblem or Janji-Janji, a symbol of the Islamic power

which he had spread in Brunei. We can see this Royal Emblem on the Brunei flag

today.

Questions:

31

a. Sultan Sharif Ali was the third sultan of Brunei. Why do you think he was also known as Sultan Berkat, the Blessed?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

b. In what ways did Sultan Sharif Ali spread/strengthen Islam in Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

c. What did Sultan Sharif Ali/Sultan Bolkiah/ Sultan Muhammad Hassan do to spread Islam?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

d. During the reign of Sultan Sharif Ali/Sultan Bolkiah, Islamic influence spread from Brunei to many places, even outside Borneo. How did this happen?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

32

Topic: BRUNEI’S EARLY TRADE

Extract 1

Below are the lists of Brunei’s export and import product of the early years

Extract 2 the following information was given from extract 3

Adapted from History of Brunei Darussalam: Sharing Our Past, secondary 1 & 2 Curriculum Development Department, Ministry of education, Brunei Darussalam, 2007

A) Choose and categorise the products listed in Extract 1, and put them in the chart below. [6]

33

feathers textiles hornbils camphor

Brassware Ceramics?Cutch

On the right, going up, the houses extend about half a mile backwards, with channels like lanes, between the rows….. Perpendicular and parallel to the main rivers. And here lie moored, head and stern, the China junks – four of five of which come annually from Amoy, of five or six hundred tons burden. The water is salt, and the tide runs about four miles an hour in the springs

Thomas Forrest, A Voyage to New Guineaand the Moluccas, 1774 - 1776

a) Name FOUR countries that came to Brunei for trading activities OR Name the

trading partners of ancient Brunei. [4]

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

b) How did Brunei have trading contacts with the rest of the countries

in Southeast Asia? [3]

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

Refer to Extract 2 to answer the following question

c) Name the most important Brunei’s trading partner. [1]

__________________________________________________________________

d) What commodity was bought by the trader in Brunei? [1]

__________________________________________________________________

e) What was the commodity above used for? [1]

__________________________________________________________________

f) Name the two groups of traders who used the Port of Malacca. [2]

__________________________________________________________________

g) What do you understand by the terms below: [2] –

1. Exports

34

Brunei Darussalam’s

export & import productsExports

Imports

2. Imports

Additional questions

1. Name TWO of the export products of Brunei in the 16th century?

__________________________________________________________________ 2. What was the main activity of ancient Brunei? [1]

__________________________________________________________________3. Give any three trading partners of ancient Brunei. [3]

__________________________________________________________________

4. Who was the most important trading partner for ancient Brunei? [1]

__________________________________________________________________5. What was the product they bought from ancient Brunei? [1]

__________________________________________________________________6. Name any two of the jungle products exported by ancient Brunei. [2]

__________________________________________________________________7. OR Name TWO of the export products of Brunei in the 16th century?

__________________________________________________________________

8. Name any two luxury items from China and Siam, imported by ancient Brunei. [2]

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

35

THEME 3 – Section A

1. Who were the two Sultans involved during the Brunei Civil War, 1661-1673? [AO 1]

A. Sultan Muhammad Shah and Sultan AhmadB. Sultan Muhammad Ali and Sultan Abdul Hakkul MubinC. Sultan Abdul Hakkul Mubin and Sultan MuhyiddinD. Sultan Muhyiddin and Sultan Nasiruddin

2. How long did the Brunei Civil War last? [AO 1]A. 10 yearsB. 11 yearsC. 12 yearsD. 13 years

3. Why did Sultan Abdul Hakkul Mubin become fearful and moved to Pulau Chermin? [AO 2]

A. The new Bendahara was creating chaos in Brunei.B. Sultan Abdul Hakkul Mubin had no followersC. Sultan of Sulu helped Pg Bendahara Pg Muda Bungsu.D. He was threatened by the family of the late Sultan

Muhammad Ali.

4. What was the reason behind the Sultan of Sulu’s involvement in the Brunei Civil War? [AO3]

A. Sultan of Sulu did not get along with Sultan Abdul Hakkul Mubin

B. Sultan of Sulu was promised the land of Sabah by Sultan Muhyiddin

36

C. Sultan Muhyiddin was related with the Sultan of SuluD. Sultan of Sulu had the attention to control Brunei.

5. Name the two earliest traders who travelled to all over S.E.A [AO1]

A. Chinese and ArabsB. Arabs and IndiansC. Indians and ChineseD. Persians and Arabs

6. Name the Spanish ship that reached Brunei in 1521 [AO 1]A. VictoriaB. The Royalist C. Santa MariaD. Chinese Junks

7. Who led the dangerous journey around the world in 1521? [AO 1]A. Christopher ColumbusB. Antonio PigafettaC. Ferdinand MagellanD. James Brooke

8. Who do you think could have visited Brunei in 1521 and make an account “The First Voyage Around the World”? [AO 1]

A. Christopher Columbus B. Antonio PigafettaC. Ferdinand MagellanD. James Brooke.

9. Who was Antonio Pigafetta? [AO 1]A. BritishB. Italian C. GermansD. Americans

10. What was the religion of Brunei as mentioned by Antonio Pigafetta in his account in 1521? [AO 2]

A. HinduB. Muslim

37

C. ChineseD. Arabs

11. Which European power attacked Sulu in 1578? [AO 1]A. British B. SpanishC. DutchD. Portuguese

12. How did Sulu break away from the Brunei’s control in the 17th century? [AO 2]

A. The outbreak of Castille WarB. The outbreak of Brunei Civil WarC. The outbreak of Java WarD. The outbreak of Triangular War

13. What role did the Sulu play after it became an independence Sultanate? [AO 3]

A. It became the main protector of the Muslims in MindanaoB. It became the main protector of the Muslims in Brunei C. It became the main protector of the Muslims in MalaccaD. It became the main protector of the Muslims in Acheh.

14. Who do you think the sultan of Brunei at the time of Antonio Pigafetta’s visit to Brunei in 1521?

A. Sultan Sharif AliB. Sultan BolkiahC. Sultan SulaimanD. Sultan Muhammad Hassan

15. “The boat people (mostly women) are provided with large bamboo hats, the shade of which covers a great part of the body, as they draw themselves up under it and sit, as it were, upon their heels…..” depicted from Thomas Forrest , A Voyage to New Guinea and the Moluccas. Who were the boat people mentioned in the passage? [AO 3]

A. PadianB. Nelayan C. PenambangD. Bugis

38

16. Why did Brunei need European help at the end of 18th century?

A. Brunei wanted to expand its empire B. Brunei became weak and need protection against SuluC. Brunei wanted to improve its trade to other European

countriesD. Brunei wanted to improve relations with the other

countries.

1. Who was the Spanish Governor sent on an official mission to Brunei in 1576?a) Ferdinand Magellanb) Antonio Pigafettac) Dr. Francisco de Sanded) Alexander Dalrymple

2. The Castille war broke out between Brunei and the Spanish in 1578. Who was the Sultan of Brunei at that time?

a) Sultan Muhyiddinb) Sultan Saiful Rijalc) Sultan Muhammad Alid) Sultan Abdul Kahar

3. Who were the two Bruneian nobles who helped the Spanish during the Castille War?

a) Pg. Bendahara Sakam and Pg. Seri Lelab) Pg. Seri Lela and Pg. Seri Ratnac) Dr. Francisco De Sande’s mend) The Chinese traders in Brunei

5. The Castille war broke out for a certain period. How many days did the Spanish capture Brunei Town?

e) 71 days

39

f) 72 daysg) 73 daysh) 74 days

6. Below is the timeline on the coming of the British and the establishment of British trade in Brunei in the 18th century. What happened in 1774?

a) E.I.C sent John Jesse to Brunei to buy pepperb) To allow the British to use part of the coast of North Borneoc) Alexander Dalrymple made an agreement with the Sultan of Sulud) Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin I offered the E.I.C the island of Labuan

7. The war between Brunei and the Spanish in 1578 called the ‘Castille War’ Source: adapted from History for Brunei Darussalam: Sharing our Past, Secondary 1 & 2, Curriculum Development Department, MOE, Brunei.

Look at the picture above. In 1578, the Bruneians launched a counter attack and succeeded to drive away the Spanish. Who led the attack?

a) Sultan Saiful Rijalb) Pg. Seri Lelac) Pg. Bendahara Sakamd) Pg. Bendahara Pg. Abdul Mubin

Additional questions:1. Who was the sultan of Brunei who offered Labuan to the Brtish?

__________________________________________________________________

2. Why did Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin I offer Labuan to the British in 1775?

40

1773E.I.C established a trading post on the

island of Balambangan

1774?

1775E.I.C’s trading post

was attacked by pirates

__________________________________________________________________

Section B Structured questions. Topics1. Castille war2. Civil war3. The arrival of Spanish4. Brunei in the 18th century

Arrival of Spanish

1. Name any two traders that came to Brunei? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [2]

2. Why did the Europeans start to come to Southeast Asia? [1]

__________________________________________________________________3. Which religion attracted the Arabs and Persian traders to come to Brunei? [1] __________________________________________________________________4. Name the Spanish ship that reached Brunei in 1521. [1]

__________________________________________________________________5. Who was the Italian man that came to Brunei and wrote about Brunei in 1521? [1]

41

__________________________________________________________________

ii) List four things that Antonio Pigafetta reported about the city of Brunei in 1521. AO3

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Castille war

1. Who was the Sultan of Brunei when the Castille War broke out in 1578? [1]

________________________________________________________________2. Explain the main causes for the outbreak of the Castille War, 1578? [2]

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Who led the Spanish to attack Brunei in 1578? [1]

________________________________________________________________

4.When did the Spanish attack Brunei’s capital? [1]

________________________________________________________________

5. Describe in your own words the events that took place in the Castille War? [3]

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

42

6. What were the effects of the Castille War? [2]

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Other questions:1. Describe the events leading to the outbreak of the Castille war?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

-THE BRUNEI’S CIVIL WAR

a) The Brunei’s Civil War broke out during the reign of which sultan? (1mark)

________________________________________________________________

b) How long did the Brunei civil war last? (1mark)

________________________________________________________________

c) Explain the main cause of the Brunei’s civil war? (2marks)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

d) What did Sultan Abdul Hakkul Mubin did as soon as he became the next Sultan replacing Sultan Muhammad Ali? (2Marks)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

e) Explain the reason for Sultan Abdul Hakkul Mubin’s appointment of Pg Muda Bungsu as his new Bendahara? (2marks)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

43

f) Which part of Brunei did the Sulu want to claim after the Brunei’s civil war ended? (1mark)

________________________________________________________________

Other additional questions:Why did Brunei and Sulu claim control of North Borneo after the Brunei Civil War ended?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What were the roles of Sultan Abdul Mubin in the Brunei Civil War, 1661- 1673?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What were the roles of Sultan Muhyiddin in the Brunei Civil War, 1661-1673?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What were the effects of the Brunei Civil War, 1661-1673?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Topic: Brunei in the 18th century

1) Where was the Brunei town located? (1)

________________________________________________________________

2) Describe the features (characteristics) of the houses in Brunei towns. (2)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

44

.3) Who do you think ‘the boat people’ were? (2)

________________________________________________________________

4) Name another European who wrote on Brunei other than Thomas Forrest ? (1)

________________________________________________________________

5) Describe Brunei Town from Thomas Forrest findings when he visited Brunei in 1776. (4)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Other suggested questions:a. Based on Antonio Pigafetta’s description of the city of Brunei in 1521, write a

brief account of of Brunei in the following aspects: transportation, houses, occupations, ceremony to meet the Sultan.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

b. According to the report written by Thomas Forrest about Brunei 1774-1776, Brunei town was located about 10 miles up the river from a certain island. What is the name of this island?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

c. With what people did Brunei conduct trade according to the report written by Thomas Forrest about Brunei in the 18th century?

________________________________________________________________

45

________________________________________________________________

d. According to the report by Forrest, what important product did the chinese obtain from Brunei?

________________________________________________________________

e. How different is the ‘public market’ describe by Forrest from the market today?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

f. Describe the houses as seen by Forrest.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

g. Who were the boat people as described by Forrest in the 18th century.

________________________________________________________________

THEME 4 section A – THREATS AND RESPONSES

THE REIGN OF SOAS II 1828-1852British Relations with Brunei & The Province of Sarawak

1. When did Sarawak become a province of Brunei?a) 14th Centuryb) 15th Centuryc) 16th Centuryd) 17th Century

2.Which territory became a province of Brunei in the 14th century?   A.           SabahB.           SarawakC.           LimbangD.           Labuan

46

3. Who developed Kuching and increased its revenue in the early 19th century?  

A.           Datu Patinggi AliB.           James BrookeC.           Pengiran Indera MahkotaD.           Pengiran Muda Hashim

4. Why did the local people hate Pengiran Indera Mahkota?a) He forced the local to pay high tollb) He gave power to Foreignersc) He was friendly to James Brooked) He forced the local to work in his mines.

5. Why did the people of Sarawak rebel against their Governor in 1839?  

A. He used forced labour to mine oreB. He forced the people to pay high tollsC. He introduced new taxes D. He reduced their pensions

6. Who visited Sarawak in 1834?a) Charles Brookeb) James Brookec) Pengiran Muda Hashimd) Pengiran Temenggong Pengiran Anak Hashim.

7. Why did Pengiran Muda Hashim come to Sarawak in 1834? A02 

A. To put down the rebellionB. To obtain raw materialsC. To spread IslamD. To appoint a new Governor

8. What was the reason for the friction between Pengiran Muda Hashim and Pengiran Indera Mahkota?  

 A. Pengiran Muda Hashim was not personally welcomed by Pengiran Indera

Mahkotawhen he arrived in Kuching.

B. Pengiran Indera Mahkota had attacked the house of Pengiran Muda HashimC. Pengiran Muda Hashim appointed James Brooke as the new Governor of SarawakD. Pengiran Muda Hashim refused to mine the antimony ore

47

James Brooke as Governor of Sarawak, August 1842

1. Why did James Brooke go to Sarawak in 1839?  

A. He heard of Sarawak’s rich antimony ore.B. He was invited by Brunei’s Governor.C. He wanted to help the rebels.D. He was keen to learn the Malay language

2. What was the situation in Sarawak upon James Brooke’s arrival there in 1839?A. Pengiran Muda Hashim was murdered

B. Sarawak was poor and deserted

C. The American was trying to take over Sarawak

D. A rebellion led by the Malay chief occurred

3. Apart from the rebellion led by a local Malay chief, what was the other problem Sarawak faced in 1830s?

A. Disturbances led by James Brooke

B. Conflict between the Brunei Governor and Pengiran Muda Hashim

C. Conflict between the Sultan and the Governor

D. Rebellion led by the Chinese

4. Whom did Pengiran Muda Hashim ask for help to deal with the rebellion in Sarawak in 1839?

A. John Anderson C. William Cowie B. James Brooke D. McArthur

5. Who became Governor of Sarawak in 1841? A. James Brooke C. Hugh Low

B. William Cowie D. Frederick Weld

6. When did James Brooke become Raja of Sarawak? a) 2 August 1846b) 2 August 1847c) 2 August 1848

48

d) 2 August 1849

7. Whom did James Brooke replace as Governor of Sarawak?A. Dato Patinggi Ali C. Pengiran Indera Mahkota B. Pengiran anak Hashim D. Pengiran Muda Hashim

8. Who was forced to step down as Governor of Sarawak and to leave Kuching? a) Pengiran Muda Hashimb) Pengiran Anak Badaruddin c) Pengiran Temenggong Pengiran Anak Hashimd) Pengiran Indera Mahkota Pengiran Muhammad Salleh

The British attack on Brunei, July 1846

1. Why did British warships attack Brunei in July, 1846?A. to gain control of the oil industryB. to protect trade with SingaporeC. to show anger at the murder of Pengiran Muda HashimD. to win the support of the Americans

2. Which incident gave James Brooke the opportunity to attack Brunei in July, 1846?   

A. The murder of Pengiran Muda HashimB. The rebellion in SarawakC. The seizure of LabuanD. The disturbances in Tutong and Belait

James Brooke as Raja of Sarawak, August 1846

1. In what way was the treaty of August 1846 changed James Brooke’s position in Sarawak?

49

A. a Governor to a Raja of Sarawak. B. a Governor to High Commissioner. C. a Raja to a Governor. D. a Governor to a Captain.

2. What position did James Brooke hold in Sarawak after the treaty of 1846 with Brunei? A. Bendahara B. Governor C. Raja D. Sultan

3. When was James Brooke recognized as the Raja of Sarawak?A. After the signing of the 1846 treaty B. After the cession of LabuanC. After the seizure of LimbangD. After Brunei came under British protection

4. Which territory was surrendered to the British in 1846? J 2003 A. Mukah B. Kuching C. Labuan

D. Limbang

The Cession of Labuan, December 1846

1. Britain used ‘tactics’ to make Brunei gave up Labuan in 1846. What kind of ‘tactics’ did the British use to seize it? A. exchanging weapons in return for land B. giving money to the Sultan C. holding meetings to settle disputes D. threatening to use force

2. Why did Britain seize Labuan in 1846? A. to defend Brunei from SarawakB. to protect British interests and trade

C. to keep out Chinese influence D. to set up a naval base against the Dutch3. With whom did Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien II signed a treaty on 18th December 1846 whereby the island of Labuan was ceded to the British? A. Captain Rodney Mundy C. Alexander Dalrymple B. James Brooke D. Alfred Dent

Anglo-Brunei Treaty of Friendship and Commerce, 1847

1. With which nation did Brunei sign a Treaty of Friendship and Commerce in 1847?

50

A. Britain B. France C. Germany D. Spain

2. Which Sultan of Brunei signed Treaties of Friendship and Commerce in 1847 and 1850?

A. Sultan Abdul Momin C. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien II B. Sultan Sharif Ali D. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III

3. What was the purpose of the Treaty of Friendship and Commerce signed between Brunei and Britain on 27th May 1847?

A. To ensure that Brunei would open its ports to all forigners.B. To ensure that Brunei would sell all of its pepper to the British.C. To ensure that Brunei was willing to be under the British

protection.D. To ensure that Brunei was under British control and influence to

benefit British trade, commerce and teritorial expansion.

4. Which of the following statements was NOT the term of the 1847 Treaty of Friendship and Commerce betwen Briatin and Brunei ?

A. All imports and exports would be free from taxes B. British subjects would be allowed to live and trade in Brunei C. The British would pay the Sultan $4,000 annually.D. The British warsips could enter Brunei ports at all times.

5. Which of the following was agreed in the Treaty of Friendship and Commerce (1847) A. The British warsips could enter Brunei ports at all times.

B. Brunei would surrender Tutong to Britain. C. Oil production would be cut. D. The Dutch would be permitted to establish a base in Brunei.

6. Which of the following was the consequence of the 1847 Treaty of Friendship and Commerce between Britain and Brunei?

A. The treaty firmly established British influence in Brunei.B. The treaty granted freedom to any powers to extend their influence

into Brunei.C. Brunei and Britain remained rivals.D. Brunei was free from British control.

United States of America-Brunei Treaty of Friendship and Commerce, 1850

7. With which foreign power did Brunei sign a treaty of Friendship and Commerce in 1850?a) The Dutch b) The Britishc) The Germansd) The Americans

51

8. With which nation did Brunei sign a treaty of Friendship and Commerce in 1850?A. Britain B. Germany C. Spain D. United State

THE REIGN OF SULTAN ABDUL MOMIN (1852-1885)1. When did Sultan Abdul Momin become the 25th sultan of Brunei?

(A) 1828(B) 1852(C) 1885(D) 1906

Territories Lost to Brooke

1. Which territory did Sultan Abdul Momin give to James Brooke in 1853?(A) Baram(B) Rajang(C) Samarahan(D) Batang Lupar

2. Which territory did Sultan Abdul Momin give to James Brooke in 1853? A. Baram B. Batang Lupar C. Labuan D. Mukah

3. Which areas were given to James Brooke by the 1855 Treaty with Sultan Abdul Momin?

(A)Samarahan to Rajang(B)Rajang to Bintulu(C)Tanjung Datu to Tanjung Kedurong(D) Tanjung Kedurong to Baram

4. Which territory did Sultan Abdul Momin give to James Brooke in 1855?A. Batang Lupar area

B. Rajang to Bintulu

C. Samarahan to Rajang

D. Tanjung Datu to Tanjung Kedurong

5. Which territory did Sultan Abdul Momin give to James Brooke in 1861?

52

A. Batang Lupar area

B. Rajang to Bintulu

C. Samarahan to Rajang

D. Tanjung Datu to Tanjung Kedurong

6. When did James Brooke leave Kuching after 22 years as the Raja of Sarawak?

A. 1861B. 1862C. 1863D. 1864

7. Who replaced James Brooke as the next Raja of Sarawak?

A. James BondB. Charles MartelC. Charles BrookeD. Charles Chaplin

8. Which areas did Sultan Abdul Momin give to Charles Brooke in 1883?A. Rajang to Bintulu

B. Samarahan to Rajang

C. Tanjung Datu to Tanjung Kedurong

D. Tanjung Kedurong to Baram

The Formation of British North Borneo Company 1. When was the British North Borneo (Chartered) Company formed?

A. 1821 B. 1841 C. 1861 D. 1881

2.        Who formed the British North Borneo Company in 1881?   A01 

A. Alfred DentB. Charles Lee MosesC. Baron von OverbeckD. William Hood Torrey

3. An American Consul-General signed a friendship treaty with Sultan Abdul Momin in 1865. Who was he?

53

A. Alfred DentB. C. L. MosesC. W.J. TorreyD. Baron von Overbeck

4. Which Sultan of Brunei first leased out almost the entire North Borneo to Moses in 1865?

A. Sultan Hashim C. Sultan Abdul MominB. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin II D. Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin

5. Which country appointed Charles Lee Moses as its Consul General in Brunei in 1864?

A. Britain B. Portugal C. Spain D. United States of America

6. Who founded the North Borneo (Chartered) Company in 1881? A. Dent B. Moses C. Overbeck D. Torrey

7. Who granted a Royal Charter to the British North Borneo (Chartered) Company in 1881?

A. the Emperor of China C. the British governmentB. the Governor of Sarawak D. the Sultan of Brunei

8. Who set up the British North Borneo (Chartered) Company in 1881? A. Dent B. Moses C. Overbeck D. Torrey

9. In which year did Dent establish the British North Borneo Company? A. 1861 B. 1871 C. 1881 D. 1891

10. Who set up the British North Borneo Company (BNBC) in 1881?

(A)Alfred Dent(B)C. L. Moses(C)Baron von Overbeck(D) William Hood Treacher

The Amanat 18851. Which Sultan declared the Oath of Amanat in 1885 ?

A. Sultan Abdul Momin C. Sultan Omar Ali SaifuddienII B. Sultan Mhammad Jamalul Alam II D. Sultan Sharif Ali2.  A document was signed on 20 February 1885 to prevent further loss of Brunei lands to foreign powers. What was the name of the document?     

 A. Amanat

54

B. Brunei ConstitutionC. Labuan ResolutionD. Sarawak Petition

3. Why was the Oath of Amanat ineffective in achieving its aim?

(A)The British attack Brunei in July 1846(B)Brunei did not have the military strength to enforce the

Amanat/Brunei was not strong enough to enforce the Amanat(C)The Anglo-Brunei Treaty of Friendship and Commerce was signed in

1847(D) The British Government formed the British North Borneo

Company (BNBC)

4. Why was the Oath of Amanat ineffective in achieving its aims?         

A. Brunei did not have the military strength to enforce the AmanatB. Sultan Abdul Momin did not take the Amanat seriouslyC. The British had the support of the DutchD. The British did not respect Malay customs

5. Why was the oath of Amanat ineffective in its aim? A. the Americans refused to follow the instruction in the Amanat B. Britain did not take the Amanat seriously C. Lack of Wazirs’ commitment to uphold the Amanat D. The locals of Sarawak were against the Amanat

6. When did Sultan Abdul Momin declare the Amanat?

(A)20 February 1882(B)20 February 1883(C)20 February 1884(D) 20 February 1885

7. What was agreed in the Amanat in 1885? A. to put Brunei under Western administration

B. to stop giving Brunei territories to foreign powers C. to tax the people of Limbang D. to trade with China

8.What happened on 20th February 1885 in Brunei ?

55

A. Terusan and Bintulu were ceded to Charles BrookeB. The British North Borneo (Chartered) Company was formedC. Limbang was seized by Charles Brooke from BruneiD. The amanat was declared by Sultan Abdul Momin

9. Why was Sultan Abdul Momin declared the oath of “Amanat”?a. to prevent further loses of Brunei’s territories to the westernersb. to prevent the Spanish from extending their influence into Bruneic. to settle the quarrel between the Sultan of Brunei and the British

over the financiald. to make the people of Brunei aware of the importance of education

and good government.

10. What did the land holders of Brunei promise in the Amanat of 1885?  A02 

A. Not to lease any more of Brunei’s territory to foreign powersB. Not to resist Charles Brooke’s occupation of LimbangC. To build more mosquesD. To settle disputes within the royal family

THE REIGN OF SULTAN HASHIM (1885-1906)Further Loss of Territories

1. Who was the 25th Sultan of Brunei?a) Sultan Abdul Momin b) Sultan Hashimc) Sultan Muhammad Tajuddind) Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin II

2. When did Sultan Hashim rule Brunei?A. 1885-1902

B. 1885-1904

C. 1885-1906

D. 1885- 1908

3. Who was the father of Sultan Hashim? A. Sultan Ahmad

56

B. Sultan Abdul Momin

C. Sultan Muhammad Alam

D. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin II

4. What was the size of Brunei during the reign of Sultan Hashim? a) Only the size of Limbangb) Only the size of modern Bruneic) Only the size of modern Brunei plus the Limbangd) Only the size of Brunei plus the Limbang and Pandaruan district

5. What were the territories Sultan Hashim inherited when he came to the throne in 1885?  

A. Modern Brunei, Limbang, Pandaruan districtsB. Modern Brunei, Sabah, SarawakC. Modern Brunei, Sarawak, LimbangD. Modern Brunei. Labuan, Pandaruan districts

6. Who were two groups that wanted more and more of Brunei territories?a) Charles Brooke and C.L. Mosesb) James Brooke and W.J. Torreyc) The British North Borneo Company and W.H.Treacherd) The British North Borneo Company and the Brooke Government

7. Name the two expansionists that forced the Brunei Sultan to lease more territories to the westerners. A. Brooke family and the British North Borneo Company B. The British East India Company and the Brooke family C. The British East India Company and the British North Borneo Company D. The Dutch and the British

8. Which two parties took away many of the  Brunei territories in the 19th century?   

A. British North Borneo Company and the Brooke’s regime B. British North Borneo Company and the American Trading CompanyC. American Trading Company and the Labuan Coal CompanyD. Labuan Coal Company and the Brooke’s regime

 

The Treaty of Protection, 1888

1. What was the main aim of the British when they signed the Treaty of Protection with Brunei in 1888? A. to gain access to Brunei’s oil C. to prevent other countries intervening in Brunei

57

B. to help improve Brunei’s schools D. to protect Brunei from communism 2. Who signed the Protectorate Agreement in 1888? A. Sultan Abdul Momin and Charles Brooke C. Sultan Hashim and Charles Brooke B. Sultan Abdul Momin and Hugh Low D. Sultan Hashim and Hugh Low 3. Who signed the Protectorate Agreement of 1888 on behalf of Britain? A. Brooke B. Low C. Trevenan D. Weld

4. Who negotiated the Protectorate Agreement ( 1888 ) with Sultan Hashim ?A. Brooke B. Ferguson C. Low D. McArthur

5. In 1888, Sultan Hashim signed a treaty with Britain. Which one of the following was a result of the treaty?   

 A. Brunei became a British Protected StateB. A British High Commissioner was appointed in BruneiC. Brunei accepted a British ResidentD. Brunei became a member of the United Nations

6. What was a consequence of the Protectorate Agreement of 1888? A02 

A. Brunei grew in sizeB. Brunei became a British ProtectorateC. The British gave up their extra territorial rightsD. The Germans gained a foothold in Brunei

7. According to the Protectorate Agreement (1888) who would be responsible for Brunei’s external affairs? A. the British Government C. the Brunei Government B. the British North Borneo (Chartered) Company D. the Raja of Sarawak

8. Why was the 1888 Protectorate Agreement important in the history of Brunei? A. Britain took control of Brunei’s external affairs B. Brunei took over Sarawak C. It bought a new Sultan to the throne D. The British North Borneo Company was granted a charter

58

9. Why was the Protectorate Agreement of 1888 a disappointment for Sultan Hashim? J 2006 A. A British Resident was appointed B. He had to give up the throne C. It allowed Japanese interference in Brunei D. It did not prevent Sarawak from taking over Limbang

10. What was the consequence of the Protectorate Agreement of 1888?

(A)Brunei grew in size(B)Brunei became a British Protectorate (C)The Germans gained a foothold in Brunei(D) The British give up their extra-territorial rights

The Seizure of Limbang1. Who seized Limbang in 1890? A. Charles Brooke B. James Brooke C. James Ferguson D. Noel Trevenan

2. What area in the Brunei Sultanate was seized by Charles Brooke in 1890? A. Belait B. Limbang C. Muara D. Tutong

3.              Which part of Brunei was taken by  Sarawak in 1890?          A01

A. LimbangB. LabuanC. BaramD. Terusan

4. Which territory was taken from Brunei by Sarawak in 1890? A. Bintulu B. Labuan C. Limbang D. Mukah

5. Which part of Brunei was taken by Sarawak in 1890? A. Baram B. Kuching C. Labuan D. Limbang

6. Which British Consul of Borneo led a mission to investigate the situation in Limbang? A. Anderson B. Hewett C. Low D. Trevenan

7. What was Limbang’s major product in 1890? A. coal B. oil C. rubber D. sago

8. Which major resource came from Limbang in the late nineteenth century?

59

A. copper B. gold C. sago D. tin9. What was a major product of Limbang in the nineteenth century? A. coal B. oil C. rubber D. sago10. Why did Charles Brooke want Limbang from Sultan Hashim in 1890?

(A)It was the richest district of Brunei(B)He was invited to do so by Sultan Hashim(C)The people of Limbang wanted to be under British rule(D) He argued that Limbang was part of the lands given to him in

1884

11. Why did Charles Brooke want to keep control of Limbang?   A. It was the richest district of BruneiB. It had rich oilfieldsC. It produced large quantities of cutchD. It was the main rubber producing area

12. Why did Brunei want to keep control of Limbang? A. It had large rubber plantations C. It produced large quantities of cutch B. It had rich oilfields D. It produced large quantities of sago

13. Why did Charles Brooke seize Limbang in 1890? A. He was invited to do so by Sultan Hashim B. He was ordered to do so by the British Government C. It was the richest district of Brunei D. The people of Limbang wanted to be under British rule

14. Which British Consul of Borneo led a mission to investigate the situation in Limbang?

 A. Clementi SmithB. LowC. WeldD. Trevenan

 15. What was the objective of the British Government to send Noel Trevenan , a new Consul for Borneo to Limbang? A. to persuade Sultan Hashim to agree to British protection

60

B. to find the views of Brooke’s annexation of Limbang C. to accept British Resident in Brunei D. to seek the views of the people of Brunei on Malaysia Plan

16. Which of the following was NOT Sultan Hashim ‘s reaction to Brooke’s annexation of Limbang? A. He asked help from foreign power to get back Limbang B. He protested to the British Government C. He went to see Charles Brooke and asked him to return Limbang D. He asked the British to honour the 1888 Treaty of Protection.

Disturbances in Belait and Tutong1. What was the main cause of the disturbances in Belait and Tutong?

(A)Charles Brooke wanted to annex Belait and Tutong(B)The people in both areas murdered the tax collector(C)Sultan Hashim wanted to cede Belait and Tutong to Charles Brooke(D) The heavy taxes imposed by the Tulin holders to the people in

both areas

2. To whom did the British try to persuade Sultan Hashim to cede Belait and Tutong in 1902? A. France B. Japan C. Sarawak D. The Philippines

3. How much compensation did Charles and Hewett offer Sultan Hashim for ceding Belait and Tutong? A. $2000 a year B. $3000 a year C. $4 000 a year D. $5000 a year

4. Identify the Sultan of Brunei who said ’What would happen to me, my chiefs and my descendents ? I should be left like a tree, stripped off branches and twigs.’ A. Sultan Abdul Momin C. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin I B. Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin D. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin II

5. What incident made Sultan Hashim said these words ’What would happen to me, my chiefs and my descendents ? I should be left like a tree, stripped off branches and twigs.’?

A. When Charles Brooke wanted Sultan Hashim to give up Belait and Tutong

B. After the British government wanted to control Labuan

C. After Charles Brooke seized Limbang

D. When Brunei came under the British protection

The McArthur Report 1904 & Supplementary Protectorate Agreement, 1905/1906

61

1. To which country did Sultan Hashim write a letter in 1903 asking for help? A. China

B. Germany

C. Turkey

D. USA

2. From which country did Sultan Hashim seek help in 1903 to regain Brunei’s lost territories?

A. France B. Germany C. Spain D. Turkey

3. In 1903 which country did Sultan Hashim Aqamaddin ask to help him to regain Brunei’s lost territories? A. France B. Spain C. Turkey D. United States of America

4. Why did the British government send Malcolm McArthur to Brunei in 1904 ?         

A. To write a report about the problem in BruneiB. to persuade Sultan Hashim to agree to British protectionC. to find the views of Brooke’s annexation of Belait and TutongD. to seek the views of the people of Brunei on succession dispute

5 Who signed the Supplementary Protectorate Agreement with Britain in 1905/6? A01 A. Sultan Abdul Momin C. Sultan Hashim Aqamaddin B. Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin D. Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Alam II

6. Which British official signed the 1905/6 Supplementary Protectorate Agreement? A. Brooke B. Hewett C. Low D. Anderson

7. What was the main result of the Supplementary Protectorate Agreement of 1905/6? 

A. Limbang was returned to BruneiB. Brunei accepted a British Resident.C. A Legislative Council was set upD. The British agreed not to intervene in Brunei’s affairs

 

8. What was a major result of the Supplementary Protectorate Agreement 1905/6?A. A British Resident was appointedB. Brunei and Sarawak were unitedC. Brunei was taken over by BritainD. The Royal Brunei Malay Regiment was set up

62

Section B – Structured Questions for Theme 4The Reign of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin II (1828-1852)

Question 1: The Province of Sarawak 1. What was the old name for Kuching? [1 mark]

_______________________________________________________________________

2. Who was appointed as the Governor of Sarawak in 1824? [1 mark]

_______________________________________________________________________

3. How did Pengiran Indera Mahkota develop the province of Sawarak? [2 marks]

_______________________________________________________________________

63

_______________________________________________________________________

4. What were the reasons for the dispute between Pengiran Indera Mahkota Pengiran Muhammad Salleh and Pengiran Muda Hashim? 4 marks

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. In what ways did / How did the dispute between PIM Pg Muhammad Salleh and Pengiran Muda hashim give an advantage to James Brooke? [2 marks]

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Question 2: James Brooke as Governor of Sarawak, August 18421. When did James Brooke arrive in Kuching? [1 mark] [AO1]

_______________________________________________________________________2. Why did James Brooke go to Sarawak in 1839? 3 mark

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.What did Pg Muda Hashim offer to James Brooke if he could defeat the rebels in Sawarak? [2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. How did James Brooke become the Governor of Sarawak in 1842?

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

64

4. Why was James Brooke confirmed as Governor of Sarawak in 1842 ?

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Why did James Brooke signed another treaty in 1842? [2 marks] [AO2]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6. What was importance of the 1842 Treaty to James Brooke?

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The British attack on Brunei, July 1846, James Brooke as Raja of Sarawak, The Cession of Labuan, December 1846

1. What incident gave James Brooke an excuse to attack Brunei in July 1846?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. How did the British help James Brooke in attacking Brunei in July 1846?

65

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Which power helped Brooke to attack Brunei in July 1846?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Give two/three of the gains made by James Brooke in the treaty signed by the Sultan in August 1846.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. How did James Brooke become Raja with the right to rule Sarawak in 1846

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Explain the importance of the Treaty of Labuan (1846).

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

TREATIES WITH BRITAIN AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Treaty of Friendship and Commerce, 1847

1.What was the importance of the 1847 Treaty of Friendship and Commerce with Britain?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.What did Britain gain from the Treaty of Friendship and Commerce signed in 1847?

66

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

THE REIGN OF SULTAN ABDUL MOMIN

Territories lost to James Brooke- suggested questions

1. Why did Sultan Abdul Momin have difficulties in preventing the Brookes from obtaining Bruneian territory?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Name three territories lost by Brunei to Sarawak during the reign of Sultan Abdul

Momin/between 1841 and 1905.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. What did James Brooke gain from the agreements with Abdul Momin in 1853 and 1855

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Describe the losses of land by Brunei to James and Charles Brooke after 1846.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. Explain why there was a threat that Brunei would have little land of its own left in the

1880s.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. How was Charles Brooke able to expand his influence in Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8. How do you think the Sultan felt when large parts of Brunei came under foreign rule?

67

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. How did the Sultan react to the loss of Brunei territories to foreign powers?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 4 – THE CONCESSIONS IN NORTH BORNEO.

a. Who was appointed as American Consul General in Brunei in 1864 ? . (1m)

___________________________________________________________________________

b. State the name of the Sultan of Brunei during the encroachment of North Borneo . (1m)

___________________________________________________________________________

c. Describe the activities of Charles Lee Moses In Brunei in 1865 . (4m)

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________d. Explain how The American Trading Company became the British North Borneo

Company . (3m)

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

e. Who was appointed as the First Governor of North Borneo ? (1m)

___________________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITIES OF THE BRITISH NORTH BORNEO (CHARTERED) COMPANY

68

The Origins of the BNBC1. From which countries did the following, who were involved in leasing North Borneo, come: (i) Charles Lee Moses, (ii) W.J.Torrey (iii) Baron Overbeck

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

2.Give the names of three people who held the leases to North Borneo (Sabah) before the British North Borneo Company was formed in 1881.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

3. Describe the activities of Charles Lee Moses in Brunei.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

4. What land was leased to Charles Lee Moses in 1865 by Sultan Abdul Momin & Pengiran Temenggong Anak Hashim?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

5. Why do you think the leases were given?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

69

___________________________________________________________________________

6. Explain how the American Trading Company became the British North Borneo Company?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

7. Describe the events between 1865 and 1881 which led to the setting up of the British North Borneo (Chartered) Company.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Establishing of BNBC

8. Describe the events leading to the ‘formation of the British North Borneo (Chartered) Company in 1881’.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

9. Describe the activities of the British North Borneo Company.

___________________________________________________________________________

70

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

OATH OF AMANAT, 1885

1.What was the Oath Amanat (1885)?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

2.What were its results?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

3.Name three groups of people who agreed ‘not to cede or lease any remaining Brunei territories to foreign powers’ in the Amanat of 1885.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

4.Why was there a meeting between Sultan Abdul Momin and the Brunei chiefs in 1885?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

5.Why was the Oath of Amanat declared in 1885?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

71

6.Why did Sultan Abdul Momin declare the Amanat in 1885?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

7.Why was the Amanat ineffective in stopping further loss of territory?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

8.Was the Amanat of 1885 effective in stopping the further loss of territory?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

9.In your opinion was it possible for the Sultan and the people of Brunei at that time to prevent the foreigners from taking their territories.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

THE REIGN OF SULTAN HASHIM (1885-1906)Further Loss of TerritoriesThe Treaty of Protection, 1888

QUESTION 3 – THE 1888 TREATY OF PROTECTION AND THE LOSS OF LIMBANG 1890.

(a) Name the two representatives from Brunei and Britain who signed the Treaty of Protection. (2)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(b) Why did Sultan Hashim sign the Treaty of Protection in 1888? (2)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

72

(c) State any two terms of the 1888 Treaty of Protection. (2)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(d) Why had Britain allowed Brooke to take Limbang.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(e) Describe Sultan Hashim’s reaction to the seizure of Limbang. (3)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(f) Explain the statement that in 1885 Sultan Hashim inherited a shrinking Kingdom/a much smaller kingdom than when his father was Sultan.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(g)Name three British government representatives who were involved with Brunei during the reign of Sultan Hashim Aqamaddin.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

CAUSES OF THE PROTECTORATE AGREEMENT 1888

73

1.How was Brunei affected by the activities of Charles Brooke and the British North Borneo (Chartered) Company?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.In what ways did the British North Borneo Company cause problems for Brunei after 1881? OR in what ways did Brooke family cause problems for Brunei during the reign of Sultan Abdul Momin/Sultan Hashim?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.Why was Sultan Hashim determined to stop further losses of land before 1887?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.Why did Britain want to establish a protectorate in Brunei in 1888?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Protectorate Agreement, 1888

1.Why was the Protectorate Agreement made in 1888?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.Why did Sultan Hashim Azamaddin agree to the British-Brunei Protectorate Treaty of 1888?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.Why did Sultan Hashim Aqamaddin agree to sign the Protectorate Treaty in 1888?

74

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.What were the terms of the British-Brunei Protectorate Treaty of 1888?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5.What were the main terms of the 1888 Protectorate Agreement ?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6.State briefly three terms of the British-Brunei Protectorate Treaty of 1888.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7.Give two advantages gained by Britain in the 1888 Protectorate Agreement.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

THE EFFECTS OF THE PROTECTORATE AGREEMENT

Reasons for the Failure of the Protectorate Agreement & Events after the signing of the Protectorate Agreement

1.Why was the Sultan Hashim Aqamaddin unhappy about the results of the Protectorate Treaty (1888)?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.Why was the Sultan Hashim dissatisfied with the Agreement?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

75

The Seizure of Limbang

1.Why did Charles Brooke seize Limbang in 1890?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.Why did Charles Brooke want Limbang?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.What method did he use to seize it?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Why was Limbang an important part of the Brunei Sultanate before 1890?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Reactions to the annexation of Limbang

1.What was Sultan Hashim’s reaction to the seizure of Limbang?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.How did Sultan Hashim show his anger at the loss of Limbang?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.State three ways that Sultan Hashim made protests when Britain failed to act after Limbang was seized.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.Give three ways in which the Sultan of Brunei showed his objections to the loss of Limbang in 1890.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

76

5.Why was Sultan Hashim disappointed with the British government after Charles Brooke seized Limbang in 1890?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6.Why had Britain allowed Brooke to take Limbang?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A Mission led by Trevenan to investigate the situation in Brunei & S.Hashim’s demand that Britain honour the 1888 Treaty of Protection

1.Why were the findings of the Trevenan Mission rejected by the Sultan of Brunei? OR Why did Sultan Hashim object to the findings of the Trevenan mission?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Disturbances in Belait and Tutong

1. What was the main cause of the disturbances in Belait and Tutong?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. To whom did the British try to persuade Sultan Hashim to cede Belait and Tutong in 1902?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. How much compensation did Charles and Hewett offer Sultan Hashim for ceding Belait and Tutong?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What was Sultan Hashim’s reaction to the demands of Charles and Hewett regarding Belait and Tutong? OR how did Sultan Hashim react to the demands made by Charles and Hewett regarding Belait and Tutong?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

77

5. When did Sultn Hashim say these words ’What would happen to me, my chiefs and my descendents ? I should be left like a tree, stripped off branches and twigs.’

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. What event prompted Sultan Hashim to say these words ’What would happen to me, my chiefs and my descendents ? I should be left like a tree, stripped off branches and twigs.’?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The McArthur Report 1904 & Supplementary Protectorate Agreement, 1905/1906

1. To which country did Sultan Hashim write a letter in 1903 asking for help?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. From whom did Sultan Hashim hope for help in regaining Limbang?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Why was his letter for help never delivered?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. From which country did Sultan Hashim seek help in 1903 to regain Brunei’s lost territories?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. In 1903 which country did Sultan Hashim Aqamaddin ask to help him to regain Brunei’s lost territories?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

78

6. Why did the British government send Malcolm McArthur to Brunei in 1904?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Supplementary Protectorate Agreement, 1905/1906

1. What was the agreement that brought Brunei under the British Residential System?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Who signed the Supplementary Protectorate Agreement with Britain in 1905/6?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Which British official signed the 1905/6 Supplementary Protectorate Agreement?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Why was the Supplementary Protectorate Agreement 1905/06 signed?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. What was the main result of the Supplementary Protectorate Agreement of 1905/6?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. What was a major result of the Supplementary Protectorate Agreement 1905/6?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

79

7. How was the Supplementary Protectorate Agreement of 1905/6 different from the 1888 Treaty of Protection?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. How did the treaties of 1888 and 1905/6 signed with the British affect the government of Brunei?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9. What changes were made in the way that Brunei was governed by the Supplementary

Protectorate Agreements of 1905-6.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. How was the Sultan’s position affected when he agreed to sign the Supplementary Protectorate Agreement, 1905-6?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

General questions:1. Name three Sultans ‘affected by the British presence in Brunei’ between 1840 and

1905.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. How do you think the Sultan felt when large parts of Brunei came under foreign rule?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. How did the Sultan react to the loss of Brunei territories to foreign powers?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

80

SECTION C – STIMULUS QUESTIONSTHEME 4Extract 1

JAMES BROOKE AS GOVERNOR OF SARAWAK, AUGUST 1842

Over many centuries, Europeans came to Brunei. In the period 1800 to 1900 there were many examples of adventures, traders and government representatives arriving. What they did, affected the Sultanate of Brunei, often badly. James Brooke was an adventurer who visited Sarawak in 1839.

Q.1 When did James Brooke arrive in Sarawak?(1 mark)

________________________________________________________________________

Q.2 Why was James Brooke interested in Sarawak?(2 marks)

________________________________________________________________________Q.3 Who welcomed the arrival of James Brooke at Sarawak? (1 mark)

81

________________________________________________________________________

Q.4 Which incident caused friction between Pengiran Indera Mahkota and Pengiran Muda Hashim?(4)

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________Q.5 What did Pengiran Muda Hashim offer to James Brooke if he crushed the disturbances in Sarawak?(2 marks)

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Q.6 When did James Brooke sign the treaty with Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien II which appointing him as the Governor of Sarawak? (1 mark)

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Other Suggested questions:6. Explain the dispute between Pengiran Indera Mahkota Pg Muhammad

Salleh and Pengiran Muda Hashim.[4 marks] [AO3] OR – What were the reasons for the dispute between Pengiran Indera Mahkota Pengiran Muhammad Salleh and Pengiran Muda Hashim?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. Give two effects for the dispute between Pg Indera Mahkota and Pengiran Muda Hashim. [2 marks] [AO2] – In what ways did / How did the dispute between PIM Pg Muhammad Salleh and Pengiran Muda hashim give an advantage to James Brooke?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Why was James Brooke interested in Sarawak?[AO1]- OR Why did James Brooke go to Sarawak in 1839? OR Give two reasons for the intervention of James Brooke in Sarawak. [2 marks][AO2]

82

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9. What did Pg Muda Hashim offer to James Brooke if he could defeat the

rebels in Sawarak? [2 marks] [AO2}

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10.How did James Brooke become the Governor of Sarawak in 1842?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11.Why was James Brooke confirmed as Governor of Sarawak in 1842 ?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12.Why did James Brooke sign another treaty in 1842? [2 marks] [AO2]

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13.What were the outcomes of the 1842 treaty? [2 marks] [AO2] OR What

was importance of the 1842 Treaty to James Brooke?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

83

Extract 2BRITISH ATACK ON BRUNEI, JULY 1846

Three years after the 1842 treaty, Pengiran Muda Hashim and his followers returned to Brunei. James Brooke promised to support Pengiran Muda Hashim if he tried to claim the throne of Brunei. This shows that there were continuing problems in Brunei about who should be the rightful Sultan.Adapted from History For Brunei Darussalam: Sharing our Past Secondary 1&2 Curriculum Development, Ministry Education Brunei.Q.1 Describe the events which led to the British attack on Brunei town, July 1846. (6marks)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Q.2 Why did James Brooke attack Brunei in 1846? (2 marks)________________________________________________________________________

84

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Other question: 1.What incident gave James Brooke an excuse to attack Brunei in July 1846?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.How did the British help James Brooke in attacking Brunei in July 1846?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.Which power helped Brooke to attack Brunei in July 1846?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Q.3 When did the British attack and occupy Brunei town? (2 marks)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

85

STIMULUS QUESTION 

JAMES BROOKE AS GOVERNOR OF SARAWAK, AUGUST 1842Extract  1 

 Over many centuries, Europeans came to Brunei. In the period 1800 to 1900 there were many examples of adventures, traders and government representatives arriving. What they did affected the Sultanate of Brunei, often badly. James Brooke was an adventurer who visited Sarawak in 1839. October/November 2002 O LEVEL Q.1 When did James Brooke arrive in Sarawak?                                                    (1 mark) _______________________________________________________________________________Q.2 Why was James Brooke interested in Sarawak?                                               (2 marks)

_______________________________________________________________________________ Q.3 Which two Brunei nobles welcomed James Brooke when he arrived in Sarawak in 1839 ? (2 mark)

86

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Q.4 Which incident caused friction between Pengiran Indera Mahkota and Pengiran Muda Hashim?(4)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Q.5  What did Pengiran Muda Hashim offer to James Brooke if he crushed the disturbances in Sarawak? (2 marks)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Q.6 When did James Brooke sign the treaty with Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien II appointing him as the     Governor of Sarawak?                  (1 mark)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________     

TREATIES WITH BRITAIN AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Treaty of Friendship and Commerce, 1847

1.What was the importance of the 1847 Treaty of Friendship and Commerce with Britain? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.What did Britain gain from the Treaty of Friendship and Commerce signed in 1847? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

87

BRUNEI UNDER SULTAN ABDUL MOMIN (1852-85)

Picture Of Sultan Abdul Momin 1852-1885

Extract A,

During this period, Brunei faced external threats from two sides. One came from Brooke regime as they expanded Sarawak further east towards Brunei. The other threat came from the British North Borneo Company, which gained concessions of land and pushed west towards Brunei. As a result of these two external pressures, Brunei became smaller and smaller.

Extract B,

Sultan Abdul Momin realized the dangerous position of Brunei at this time. As a result in 1885, he made an agreement with his leading ministers and landholders. This Amanat was signed 20th February 1885.

1. Who did Sultan Abdul Momin succeed as the 24th Sultan of Brunei? (1)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Give two reasons why James Brooke signed a new treaty on 24th August 1853 with Sultan Abdul Momin? (2)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Which territories were granted to James Brooke in the 1855 treaty? (1)

88

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Which territories were ceded to James Brooke in the 1861 treaty?(1)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Who replaced James Brooke as the new Raja of Sarawak in 1863? (1)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. State the Origin of the following person related to North Borneo encroachement:-i. C.L Mosesii. Baron Von Overbeckiii. Alfred Dent (3)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. Who was appointed as the American Council General in Brunei in 1864? (1)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. What did CL Moses gained from the 1864 treaty with Sultan Abdul Momin?(1)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. How did Baron Von Overbeck get his concession over North Borneo? (2)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. Who set up the British North Borneo Company in London? (1)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. What was the Amanat? (2)

89

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. Why did Sultan Abdul Momin declare the Amanat in 1885?(2)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13. Why was the Amanat ineffective?(2)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Other suggested questions:THE REIGN OF SULTAN ABDUL MOMIN

Territories lost to J Brooke- suggested questions

1.Why did Sultan Abdul Momin have difficulties in preventing the Brookes from obtaining Bruneian territory?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.,Name three territories lost by Brunei to Sarawak during the reign of Sultan Abdul Momin/between 1841 and 1905.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.What did James Brooke gain from the agreements with Abdul Momin in 1853 and 1855?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.Describe the losses of land by Brunei to James and Charles Brooke after 1846.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5.Explain why there was a threat that Brunei would have little land of its own left in the 1880s.

90

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6.How was Charles Brooke able to expand his influence in Brunei?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7.How do you think the Sultan felt when large parts of Brunei came under foreign rule?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8.How did the Sultan react to the loss of Brunei territories to foreign powers?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

SUGGESTED QUESTION: ACTIVITIES OF THE BRITISH NORTH BORNEO (CHARTERED) COMPANY

The Origins of the BNBC1.From which countries did the following, who were involved in leasing North Borneo, come: (i) Charles Lee Moses, (ii) W.J.Torrey (iii) Baron Overbeck ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.Give the names of three people who held the leases to North Borneo (Sabah) before the British North Borneo Company was formed in 1881.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.Describe the activities of Charles Lee Moses in Brunei.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.What land was leased to Charles Lee Moses in 1865 by Sultan Abdul Momin & Pengiran Temenggong Anak Hashim?

91

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5.Why do you think the leases were given?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6.Explain how the American Trading Company became the British North Borneo Company?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7.Describe the events between 1865 and 1881 which led to the setting up of the British North Borneo (Chartered) Company.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Establishing of BNBC

1.Describe the events leading to the ‘formation of the British North Borneo (Chartered) Company in 1881’.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.Describe the activities of the British North Borneo Company.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

OATH OF AMANAT, 1885

1.What was the Oath Amanat (1885)?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.What were its results?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

92

3.Name three groups of people who agreed ‘not to cede or lease any remaining Brunei territories to foreign powers’ in the Amanat of 1885.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.Why was there a meeting between Sultan Abdul Momin and the Brunei chiefs in 1885?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5.Why was the Oath of Amanat declared in 1885?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6.Why did Sultan Abdul Momin declare the Amanat in 1885?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7.Why was the Amanat ineffective in stopping further loss of territory?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8.Was the Amanat of 1885 effective in stopping the further loss of territory?

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9.In your opinion was it possible for the Sultan and the people of Brunei at that time to prevent the foreigners from taking their territories.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

93

Questions - 1. Write 4 ways in which the Japanese forced ‘Nipponisation’ in Brunei.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. Explain how the Japanese occupation affected Brunei.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Brunei was under the Residential System. It had signed the Protectorate agreement and the Supplementary Protectorate Agreement. It was the duty of the British to protect Brunei from the external aggression. Explain why the British could not protect Brunei from the Japanese occupation.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. In your opinion how was Brunei affected by the loss of Limbang

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. How did Sultan Abdul Momin react to the loss of Brunei territories to foreign powers?

94

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. In your opinion explain why it was not possible for Sultan Abdul Momin to prevent the foreigners from taking Brunei’s territories?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Between Sultan Sharif Ali and Sultan Bolkiah which sultan do you think is more important to Brunei? 10 Marks

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

95

SEKOLAH MENENGAH MUDA HASHIM – Specimen paperTHEME 2 - BRUNEI: ANCIENT BRUNEI TO 16th CENTURY

Section A - Multiple Choice Questions

1. In the 6th century the Chinese records mentioned a place somewhere on the northwest coast of Borneo which was believed to be old Brunei. Name the place?

a. Ponib. Po’lic. Vijayapurad. Puni

2. When a royal family of Funan fled their kingdom and landed on the northwest coast of Borneo with their followers, they name the place as Vijayapura. What was the meaning of Vijayapura?

a. Triumphb. Victoryc. Victoriad. Prince of Wales

3. Vijayapura main activity was trade. What was the main export?a. Camphorb. Black woodc. Turtled. Shell

4. In 977, Vijayapura was changed to a new name. What was the new name?a. Polib. Ponic. Lankasukad. Kota Batu

5. Poni was strong and powerful kingdom. It was said that their trade was protected by navy officers who were nobles. Their sailors were the sea nomads known as ....

a. Orang Lautb. Orang Sakaic. Orang daratd. Orang Kabal

96

6. Who was the Chinese official who visited Brunei in 1225?a. Chua Ju-Kuab. Phua Chu Kangc. Phu Kung Chi Mud. John Jesse

7. Poni became the vassal state of Majapahit in the 14th century. Poni had to pay an annual tribute to Majapahit for protection against any attack. What was the tribute?

a. 40 katis of goldb. 40 katis of camphorc. 40 katis of saltd. 40 katis of blackwood

8. In 1369, Poni was attacked and looted of its treasure and gold. Who attacked them?a. Sulub. Bajauc. Funand. Chenla

9. What can you find in the Batu Tersilah? a. The Salasilah Raja-Raja Bruneib. The Salasilah Raja-Raja Po-nic. The Salasilah Raja-Raja Melayud. The Salasilah Raja-Raja Sambas

10. According to Brunei tradition, the sultan was the most top rank in the Brunei government. He was also the head of Islam in the country. To became a sultan he had to be selected and approved by whom?

a. A council made up of members of the nobility and high officials.b. A council made of imams and khatibc. A council of Cheteriasd. A council of hulubalang

97

11. The most important officials in the traditional government of Brunei were the four wazirs. Who were they?

a. Pengiran Bendahara, Pengiran Temenggong, Pengiran di-Gadong, Pengiran Pemancha

b. Pengiran Shahbandar, Pengiran Temenggong, Pengiran di-Gadong, Pengiran Pemancha

c. Pengiran Bendahara, Pengiran Shahbandar, Pengiran di-Gadong, Pengiran Pemancha

d. Pengiran Bendahara, Pengiran Temenggong, Pengiran di-Gadong, Pengiran Shahbandar

12. The Shahbandar were Cheteria with special rank. What was the job of a Shahbandar?a. In charge of port and looked after foreign tradersb. In charge of port and look after import exportc. In charge of port and look after the sailorsd. In charge of port and look after the palace.

13. In the traditional land right systems of Brunei, the lands were divided into three categories. What were they?

a. Kerajaan, Kuripan Tulinb. Kerajaan, Daerah, Kuripanc. Daerah, Kuripan, Tulind. Kuripan, Tulin,

14. According to Brunei traditional land right systems, the Kerajaan ownership belongs to whom?

a. The Sultansb. The Important officialsc. The Nobles familiesd. The Brunei traders

15. According to Brunei traditional land right systems, the Kuripan ownership belongs to whom?

a. The Sultansb. The Important officialsc. The Nobles familiesd. The Brunei traders

16. According to Brunei traditional land right systems, the Tulin ownership belongs to whom?a. The Important officialsb. The Nobles families

98

c. The Brunei tradersd. The sultan

17. Who was the most important trading partner of Ancient Brunei?a. The Chineseb. The Arabsc. The Europeand. The Indians

18. The Chinese traders came to Brunei to buy timber. What was the timber known as?a. The black woodb. Camphorc. Laka woodd. Rattan

Section B – Structured Question.

THE HISTORY OF BRUNEI’S RULERS:

QUESTION 1 – SULTAN SHARIF ALI

(a) What is inscribed on the Batu Tersilah. (2)

99

(b) Who was the third sultan of Brunei? (1)(c) When did His Highness rule Brunei? (1)(d) What was His Highness known as? (1)(e) Why was he known by that title? (2)(f) List TWO achievements of His Highness. (2)(g) During his reign, Brunei became two important centres. Name ONE of these centre. (1)

QUESTION 2 – SULTAN BOLKIAH

(a) Who succeeded Sultan Sulaiman as the fifth Sultan of Brunei? (1)(b) What was he known as? (1)(c) Why was his period of rule known as the “Golden Age of Brunei”? (2)(d) List TWO vassal states of Brunei during His Highness’ rule. (2)(e) How did His Highness help to spread Islam. (2)(f) State TWO achievements of His Highness. (2)

QUESTION 3 – SULTAN MUHAMMAD HASSAN

(a) Who succeeded Sultan Shah Brunei as the ninth Sultan of Brunei? (1)(b) What was the name of the first written code of law introduced by His Highness? (1)(c) Explain the code of law introduced by His Highness? (2)(d) What happened to Brunei Empire before His Highness became the Sultan? (2)(e) State TWO achievements of His Highness. (2)(f) His Highness was comparable to two other Southeast Asian Kings. Name them. (2)

Section C – Stimulus Question.

THE FOUNDING AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE BRUNEI SULTANATE

Read the passage below and then answer the following questions in complete sentences:

From Chinese record, in 1371, the ruler of Po-ni was Ma-ha-mo-sha. Historians believe that this was Awang Alak Betatar. He was the son of Sang Aji. He and his 13 brothers lived in a place in Temburong District.

100

(a) Name the ruler of Po-ni in 1371 according to the Chinese report. (1)

(b) Name the place in Temburong District where Awang Alak Betatar and his brothers lived. (1)

(c) Why was Awang Alak Betatar chosen as the leader of the 13 brothers? (2)

(d) Name the brother of Awang Alak Betatar who led the search for a new settlement? (1)

(e) i) What was the name of the place in Brunei River they choose as a new settlement? (1)ii) State TWO reasons why that place was chosen. (4)iii) What was this new settlement later known as? (1)

(f) i) Why did Awang Alak Betatar go to Johore? (2)ii) Name the ruler of Johore at that time. (1)iii) Name Awang Alak Betatar’s brother that had accompanied him to Johore. (1)iv) Why was he became a Muslim? (2)

(g) i) Who was the first Muslim ruler of Brunei? (1)ii) What was his Muslim name? (1)iii) What was the Muslim name for Pateh Berbai? (1)

[20 MARKS]

SMJA 2

1. When did Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Alam II rule Brunei? a) 1906 – 1924b) 1906 - 1918c) 1918 – 1924 d) 1908 – 1924

2. Who was the predecessor of SMJA II?a) SOAS Ib) SOAS II

101

c) Sultan Hashimd) Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin

3. Who was the successor of SMJA II?a) SOAS Ib) SOAS IIc) Sultan Hashimd) Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin

4. Why was the ‘Majlis Pemangku Raja’ set up when SMJA II ascended the throne?a) Because he was still a minor.b) Because he did not have a male heir.c) Because his father died of malaria.d) Because of his friendship and co-operation with the British government.

5. In what year was SMJA II crowned as the Sultan?a) 1906b) 1912c) 1918d) 1924

6. Why was SMJA II crowned as the Sultan in 1918? a) Because he was still a minor.b) Because he did not have a male heir.c) Because his father died of malaria.d) Because of his friendship and co-operation with the British government.

7. What power did SMJA II have as the Sultan of Brunei?a) Absolute control over his government.b) Absolute control on matters of administration, religion, and economy.c) Partial control on matters of religion only. d) Partial control on matters of administration only.

8. SMJA II built a mosque during his reign. Where was this mosque located? a) Kampong Ayerb) Kampong Sultan Lamac) Kampong Sumbilingd) Kampong Istana Lama

102

9. In what way SMJA II encouraged the learning and teachings of Islam?a) He sent students to study overseas.b) He introduced a law that made learning and teachings of Islam

compulsory.c) He encouraged the learning and teachings in the palace.d) He encouraged the learning and teachings in a small mosque or surau.

10. In 1912, SMJA II introduced a new law that replaced Hukum Kanun. What was this new law called?

a) Muhammadan Law.b) Islamic Law.c) Marriage and Divorce Act. d) Marriage and Divorce Law.

11. Why was SMJA II awarded the medals of CMG and KCMG by the British government?

a) Because he encouraged advances in agriculture, medicine and education.b) Because of his friendship and co-operation with the British government. c) Because he encouraged learning and teachings of Islam.d) Because he built a mosque.

12. What was the cause of SMJA II death in 1924?a) Tuberculosis.b) Malaria.c) Fever.d) Cholera.

13. Pg Anak Ahmad Tajuddin replaced SMJA II as the next sultan. What his relationship to SMJA II?

a) His eldest son.b) His eldest nephew.c) His eldest son-in-law. d) His eldest grandson.

THE RESIDENTIAL SYSTEMPG. 68-69

SECTION A – MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS Answer ALL the questions in this section. Choose the most correct answer and write the letter A, B, C or D in the answer box provided.

103

1. When was the Residential System introduced in Brunei? A. 1906 B. 1907 C. 1908 D. 1909

2. Who was the first Resident of Brunei? A. Charles Brooke B. Hugh Low C. James Brooke D. Malcolm Mc Arthur

3. When did the Land Enactment introduce in Brunei? A. 1907 B. 1908 C. 1909 D. 1910

4. What kind of land law did the Resident introduce in 1908/09? A. Land Codes B. Land Enactment C. Muhammad Law D. ‘Marriage and Divorce Act’

5. Before 1906, who controlled the Monopoly Rights? A. Arab traders B. Chinese Businessmen C. Indian traders D. Bruneian

6. The diagram below shows the traditional system of land rights in Brunei before 1906. Which of the following was a hereditary land right?

104

System of land rights

A. Kerajaan B. Kerajaan-KuripanC. KuripanD. Tulin

THEME 5 MCQ5.1- THE REIGN OF SMJA II (1906-1924)

pg.70-71

1) Which one of the followings were advantages of the Residential System in Brunei?

I/ Taxation and revenue collection were centralizedII/ The discovery of oil in Tutong in 1929III/ The Sanitary Board was set upIV/ A Land policy was introduced

A/ I, II and IIIB/ I, III and IV

105

Kerajaan Kuripan Tulin

C/ II, III and IVD/ I, II and IV

2) Two administrative social / welfare changes / advantages brought about by the Residential System were ______________________________________________.

I/ The Town Planning bodies were establishedII/ The Resident responsible for Brunei’s foreign affairsIII/ The division of each district into mukims and villagesIV/ Communications improved such as the building of roads

A/ I and IIB/ I and IIIC/ II and IIID/ I and IV

3) Two disadvantages of the Residential System in Brunei were ___________________.

I/ The Sultan’s power became weak II/ Wazirs gained their rightsIII/ Locals were given opportunity to head any departmentIV/The Resident failed to help Brunei in getting back Limbang

A/ I and IIB/ II and IIIC/ III and IVD/ I and IV

4) In 1883, coal concession was granted to ______________ by Sultan Abdul Momin.A/ Charles BrrokeB/ James BrookeC/ Malcolm McArthurD/ William Cowie

5) Coal mining was mainly concentrated mainly at ______________ and _______________.A/ Buang Tawar and BrooketonB/ Buang Tawar and Labu EstateC/ Labu and Kumbang Pasang D/ Gadong and Kiulap

6/ The workers in the Coal industry were mainly _________

106

A/ BisayaB/ IbanC/ KedayanD/ Malays

7/ Two effects of coal mining on Muara Town were __________________________.

I/ More banks were openedII/ More shops were openedIII/ Provided housesIV/ Provided jobs

A/ I and IIB/ II and IIIC/ III and IVD/ II and IV

8/ What was the main reason for the fall in price of coal in Brunei.A/ Unstable prices of coalB/ Unstable prices of rubberC/ Use of batteryD/ Use of petrol

9/ Two reasons for the closure of the Muara Town coal mine in 1924 were ________________.

I/ High coal pricesII/ Low coal prices III/ MismanagementIV/ More demand for coal

A/ I and IIB/ II and IVC/ II and IIID/ III and IV

107

MCQ: RUBBER INDUSTRY & CUTCH INDUSTRYPG. 72-73

RUBBER INDUSTRY

1. What was the most important cash crop for export in Brunei during the first half of the 20th century?

A. CoalB. CutchC. OilD. Rubber

2. Which invention led to the increase of the rubber demand during the 1890s?

A. CoalB. CutchC. MotorcarD. Oil

3. Who was the Johore Malay that introduced rubber seedlings in Brunei in 1908?

A. Enche Ibrahim Mohmmad JahfarB. Haji Mohammad DaudC. Pengiran Bendahara Pengiran Anak Abdul RahmanD. Tunku Abdul Rahman

4. When was rubber seedlings first introduced in Brunei?

A. 1901B. 1908C. 1929D. 1918

5. Which district took over Temburong district as the chief rubber producing area in 1919?

A. BelaitB. BruneiC. MuaraD. Seria

108

6. Which district produced the highest output for rubber before 1919?

A. BelaitB. BruneiC. SeriaD. Temburong

7. Beside Gadong Estate, where was the other important rubber producing areas in Brunei Town?

A. Kumbang PasangB. LumutC. TemburongD. Seria

8. Beside Kumbang Pasang Estate, name the other important rubber producing areas in Brunei Town?

A. GadongB. LumutC. MuaraD. Tutong

9. Which discovery led to the decline of the rubber industry in Brunei?

A. CoalB. CutchC. MotorcarD. Oil

10. Where was the area in Temburong district that first planted rubber?

A. LabiB. LabuC. LumutD. Lumapas

109

11. When did Brunei first export its rubber?

A. 1914B. 1919C. 1924D. 1929

CUTCH INDUSTRY

1. What was the sticky substance produced from the bark of the mangrove trees?

A. CutchB. LatexC. LiquidD. Rubber

2. Which company was granted the monopoly for the manufacture of cutch in Brunei in 1900?

A. British Malayan Petroleum CompanyB. Brunei Shell Petroleum CompanyC. Island Trading SyndicateD. Royal Dutch Shell

3. When did the Island Trading Syndicate open its factory at Subok?

A. 1900B. 1901C. 1908D. 1929

4. Which part of Brunei Town did the Island Trading Syndicate open its factory in 1901?

A. GadongB. SeriaC. SubokD. Sumbiling

110

5. Which Sultan of Brunei granted the cutch monopoly rights to the Island Trading Syndicate in 1900?

A. Sultan Abdul MominB. Sultan Ahmad TajuddinC. Sultan HashimD. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin II

6. When did the Island Trading Syndicate receive its cutch monopoly rights in Brunei?

A. 1900B. 1901C. 1908D. 1929

7. What advantage did the cutch industry bring to Brunei?

A. Flourished the fishing industry.B. Increased of the leather industry.C. Lowered the income of the country.D. Provided job opportunities to the Malays.

8. Which discovery led to the decline of the cutch industry?

A. CoalB. LeatherC. OilD. Rubber

9. Beside the inconsistent world demand for cutch, what was the other reason for the cutch production to decline in the early 1930s?

A. Deficiency of supply of the bark.B. Government flexibility on production.C. Growth of demand.D. Surplus of workers.

111

10. Other than the Government flexibility in cutch production, what was the other reason for the cutch production to decline in the early 1930s?

A. Surplus of the bark.B. Discovery of oil.C. Growth of demand.D. Surplus of workers.

11. Beside the discovery of oil, name the other reason for the cutch production to decline in the early 1930s?

A. Surplus of the supply of the bark.B. Government flexibility on production.C. Inconsistent world demand.D. Surplus of workers.

12. Other than the insufficient supply of the bark, what was the other reason for the cutch production to decline in the early 1930s?

A. Difficulties in transporting the barks to the factory.B. Government flexibility on production.C. Growth of demand.D. Surplus of workers.

112

DISCOVERY OF OILPG. 77 -78/9

SECTION A: Multiple Choice Questions

Answer ALL the questions in this section. Choose the most correct answer and write the letter A, B, C or D in the answer box provided.

1. Where was the first oil well drilled in 1899?A) Ayer BerkunchiB) LumutC) Pulau Berambang D) Seria

2. Oil was discovered accidentally by two men while they were resting beside the Seria River. Who were these two men?A) Abell and ScottB) Cochrane and MarriotC) Low and Swettenham D) Marriot and Mc Arthur

3. In 1926, two friends went cycling to Lumut and while they were resting by the Seria River they had smelled oil. What are their names?A) Anderson and MarriotB) Cochrane and CowieC) Cochrane and MarriotD) Cowie and Mc Arthur

4. In which year did the Seria Well Number One or S-1 was drilled?A) 5 April 1928B) 5 April 1929C) 15 April 1929D) 5 May 1929

5. The BMPC was formed to provide public and welfare services in Seria and Belait. What does BMPC stands for? A) British Malayan Petroleum Company B) British Malaysian Petroleum Company C) Brunei Malayan Petroleum CompanyD) Brunei Malaysian Petroleum Company

6. How did the discovery of oil changed Brunei’s history?A) It led to the immigration problemsB) It led to the appointment of the British Resident C) It led to the Japanese invasion of Brunei D) The Brunei government was able to pay all its debts

113

7. Which of the following industry was important to Brunei’s economy? A) Coal B) Cutch C) Oil D) Rubber

8. Who owned the British Malayan Petroleum Company formed in 1922?A) the Brunei Shell Petroleum Company B) the Brunei Sultanate C) the Federated Malay StatesD) the Royal Dutch Shell

114

History (SPN 21) - The coming of the Japanese to BruneiYear 8

PG. 80 -81

1. Which of the following Brunei towns did the Japanese army first land and eventually capture it?A. TutongB. SeriaC. Kuala BelaitD. Brunei Town

2. Which of the following would be the most likely reason for the British defeat by the Japanese in Brunei?A. the Japanese army was successful with its ‘Nipponisation’ programme B. the Japanese army tortured the British soldiersC. the Japanese army used the ‘Kempetai’ to carry out its military planD. the Japanese army outnumbered the unprepared British army

3. Who became the State Secretary of Brunei during the Japanese occupation?A. Enche Ibrahim bin Mohammad Jahfar B. Sultan Ahmad TajuddinC. T.G CochraneD. William Cowie

4. Why was the Japanese interested in the Belait district?A. it was a rich oil producing areaB. it had a very efficient infrastructureC. it was well-managed by BMPCD. it was the fastest food-growing area

5. What did the Japanese do to remove western influence from Brunei?A. they started the MIB philosophy in all schoolsB. they introduced a process called ‘Nipponisation’C. they put the British resident on pensionD. they caused the people to rebel against the British

115

NIPPONISATION/LIBERATION/EFFECTS OF JAPANESE OCCUPATIONPG. 82 – 83

1. Which of the following was NOT a part of the ‘Nipponisation’ process during the Japanese Occupation in Brunei?

A. everybody had to learn and respect the Japanese national anthemB. all buildings needed to fly the Japanese flag C. all young Bruneians had to join the Japanese armyD. all schools and government officers had to learn the Japanese language

2. What did the Allied forces do beginning November, 1944?A. they dropped leaflets urging the Japanese to surrenderB. they cut off all food supplies to the Japanese armyC. they carried out heavy bombings on Brunei Town and Kuala BelaitD. they carried out naval blockade of all Brunei ports

3. Where did the Allied forces land in June, 1945 to drive out the Japanese?A. Kuala BelaitB. MuaraC. TutongD. Brunei Town

4. Who had temporary control of Brunei after the Japanese had been driven out?A. the British Military AdministrationB. the Sultan of BruneiC. the British ResidentD. the British Military Governor

5. Which of the following was NOT an effect of the Japanese Occupation of Brunei?

A. many local people suffered because of the lack of food and medical suppliesB. there was no economic and social progressC. the foundation for the growth of Brunei Malay national consciousness was laidD. anti-western feelings grew among the people of Brunei

116

Early Life of SOAS III, Career Experience & Ascension to the throne1. State the first job held by Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III. (1)

2. State the reason why Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III was able to understand the

peoples’ problems better than others. (2)

3. State the most important contribution of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III to Brunei

Darussalam. (1)

4. How did Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III learn English? (1)

5. State any three of the jobs in the career of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III. (3)

6. Why is he also called as Diraja Penyiar? (2)

7. Name the predecessor to Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III. (1)

8. What is abdication of throne? Name the Sultan who abdicated his throne. (2)

The First National Development Plan

AO 1 Questions:

1. (a) Identify the years of when the First National Development Plan was carried

out.

(b) How much was given for the 1st National Development Plan to be carried out?

2. Under development in Education:

a) Name the English medium school for girls which was set up in Brunei Town

in 1958?

b) What was the name of the Seria Government School which was opened in

1957?

c) Name the teacher training school which was set up in 1956?

3. Under development in Communications:

a) In what year was the Berakas airfield completed?

b) Identify the FOUR shipping ports found in Brunei?

4. Under development in Religious Education:

a) Name the institutions/ place where scholarships were offered to students to further

their higher education overseas?

117

AO 2 Questions:

1. What was the aim of the written policy on education which was set in 1954?

2. Identify TWO development made under Oil Industry

3. Identify TWO developments made under Education

4. Identify TWO developments made under Health and Welfare Services

AO 3 Questions:

1. Explain in what ways the 1st NDP help in the expansion of the education system

in Brunei.

2. How do you think the health and welfare services were improvised under the 1st NDP?

Write down two ways.

The Second National Development Plan (1962 – 1966)a) In what year was the above plan launched? (1)________________________________________________________________________b) What was the aim of the above plan? (2)________________________________________________________________________

c) Which discovery caused Brunei’s Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) to become important? (1)________________________________________________________________________

d) State one project under agriculture development. (1)________________________________________________________________________e) State one project under fishing development. (1)________________________________________________________________________

f) State two projects under forestry development. (2)________________________________________________________________________

g) State two big projects under commercial development and support structures. (2)________________________________________________________________________

h) State one project under health development. (1)________________________________________________________________________i) State one project under education development. (1)________________________________________________________________________j) State one project under welfare development. (1)________________________________________________________________________

118

k) State any five sectors for development included in the plan. (5)________________________________________________________________________

The 1959 Written Constitution

1. When was the Brunei Written Constitution signed? (1)

2. Why do you think it was important for Brunei to have the 1959 Written Constitution?

(2)

3. Which committee was appointed in July 1953 to find out about the views of the people

on the

Written Constitution for Brunei? (1)

4. Name two of the five important councils created under the 1959 Written Constitution.

(2)

5. How did the 1959 Agreement affect the Residential System, the Sultan and the

Resident? (4)

Extra Questions:

1. Who signed the 1959 Constitution Agreement on the behalf of British Government and

Brunei?(2)

2. Who led a Brunei delegation to London in March 1959 to discuss about Brunei

Constitution? (1)

3. Where was the Constitution Agreement signed? (1)

4. What role was played by the British under the 1959 Constitution? (1)

5. In 1959, what post was created to replace the British Resident? (1)

6. What was the duty of the Tujuh Seraigkai? (2)

119

Brunei’s Stand On The Issue of Malaysia

1. Name the Prime Minister of Malaya who proposed Malaysia Plan in May 1961. (1)

2. Name any two Borneo states that were to be united under the Federation of Malaysia.

(2)

3. What was the initial response of Brunei towards the Malaysia plan? (2)

4. Why did Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III decide not to join Malaysia in 1963? (4)

5. When was Malaysia formed? (1)

Extra Questions:

1. In what ways did the 1959 Constitution mark ‘the beginning of self-government’ for

Brunei? (4)

2. Give the names of the three members of the proposed Federation of Malaysia other

than Malaya and Brunei. (3)

The Achievements of SOAS III & The Role of SOAS III after the

abdication

1. When did SOAS III abdicate and who succeeded him as the 29 th Sultan of Brunei?

(2)

2. His Royal Highness SOAS III had made great achievements in various fields during

the seventeen years of his rule. Give three of his achievements. (3)

3. What provisions were made by SOAS III to improve the welfare of the less fortunate?

(2)

4. Give three reasons why SOAS III has been called the ‘Architect of Modern Brunei’.

(3)

Extra Questions:

1. List down three of the Syairs which was written by SOAS III? (3)

2. When did Brunei Currency Board issue its first own currency notes? (1)

3. Why do you think the Royal Brunei Malay Regiment was set up in May 1961? (2)

120

4. Why were scholarships offered? (2)

5. Why did SOAS III promote education? (1)

6. What was the State Religion of Brunei under the 1959 Constitution? (1)

7. What was the official language of Brunei under the 1959 Constitution? (1)

8. What was the title of SOAS III after his abdication? (1)

9. What post did the Paduka Seri Begawan Sultan hold on Brunei’s independence in

1984? (1)

10. When did Paduka Seri Begawan Sultan pass away? (1)

11. What was the Crown Prince Hassanal Bolkiah doing in Sandhurst? (1)

12. When did His Majesty Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah become the 29th ruler of Brunei? (1)

121

Brunei’s International Relations & Brunei’s Participation In International Political Organizations

1. Give TWO principles of Brunei’s foreign policy. (3)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. List TWO International Organisation joined by Brunei after independence. (2)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What was the aim of ASEAN? (2)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Name FOUR members of ASEAN. (2)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. What does OIC stand for? (1)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. What was the aim of OIC? (2)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. What year did Brunei join United Nation? (1)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. What advantage did Brunei gain by joining United Nation? (2)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

122

6.1 Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III : Early Life /Career Experiences /Ascension to the throne

1) Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III ruled Brunei from the year _____ to ______.a) 1950 to 1967b) 1951 to 1968c) 1952 to 1969d) 1953 to 1970

2) In 1932, SOAS III went to study in a Malay College in _______, Perak.a) Kuala Kangarb) Kuala Kangsarc) Kuala Baramd) Kuala Jerai

3) SOAS III was known as the Royal Poet because ___________.a) he was an educated person.b) he was able to change Brunei to a modern country.c) he was interested in writing the Malay poetry. d) he was able to make Brunei as an independent country.

4) SOAS III started his career in 1936 as a ____________ in the _________.a) police officer, defence department.b) military officer, Japanese Governor’s office.c) judicial officer, judiciary department. d) cadet officer, forestry department.

5) In the Judicial Department, SOAS III was also able to learn about the _______.a) Criminal and Civil Procedure Codes.b) Land Codes Systemc) Criminal Codes Syatemd) Land Enactment Codes System.

6) The name of the assistant British Resident who worked with Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III in the Judicial department was ____________.

a) Malcolm McArthurb) H.F Stalleyc) Hughes Halletd) James Stally

123

7) What was the occupation of SOAS III during the Japanese Occupation?a) Military police, Kempeitai.b) Secretary at the Japanese Governor’s Office.c) Administrator, Resident’s Office.d) Jury, Judicial Department

8) In 1947, SOAS III was appointed as the _____________ of the Syariah court.a) Memberb) committeec) Chairmand) Judge

9) Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III was proclaimed as the 28th Sultan of Brunei on _______.

a) 3 June 1950b) 4 June 1950c) 5 June 1950d) 6 June 1950

10) The coronation of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III took place at ______________.a) Royal Ceremonial Hallb) Istana Nurul Imanc) Royal Regaliad) Istana Darul Hana

11) When was the coronation of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III?a) 29 May 1951b) 30 May 1951c) 31 May 1951d) 1 June 1951

12) Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien was given the title “__________________” because he had brought Brunei to international attention and recognition.

a) The Modern Brunei Architectb) The Modern Architecture of Bruneic) The Architect of Brunei Modernd) The Architect of Modern Brunei

124

SECOND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND ANGLO-BRUNEI TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP AND COMMERCE 1847

SECOND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Stimulus Passage and Questions:

Read the following passage and answer the questions which follow:

The Second National Development Plan was a forerunner to the successful previous plan, which saw tremendous progress in various sectors.

This plan was launched mainly on three areas. It was noticeable that the oil industry received a boost. Revenue earned from this benefited other schemes mainly on agriculture and fisheries. Transportation, forestry and education were the focal point of attention.

Questions to be answered in complete sentences:

1. What was the period of this plan? (1)

2. What were the three main objectives of this Plan? (3)

3. Name the major oil and gas field which was discovered and in which year? (2)

4. Why were reforestation schemes proposed? (1)

5. Give two steps taken in the agriculture sector. (2)

6. Mention two projects planned under the sphere of commercial development. (2)

7. Make a comparison of two steps each taken in the educational field in the First and Second Development Plans. (4)

125

SECTION CSTIMULUS QUESTIONS (15 Marks)

Read the extract below and then answer the questions that follow:

THE ANGLO-BRUNEI TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP AND COOPERATION OF 1979

The treaty was further step towards Brunei’s independence. According to the terms, Brunei agreed to take over international responsibilities as a sovereign and independent nation. Britain, on the other hand, agreed to assist Brunei particularly in the area of diplomacy, since Brunei would need to establish international relations as an independent nation.

1. The treaty was a further step towards Brunei’s independence. What was the name of the Treaty? (1)

2. When was the treaty signed? (1)

3. Name the two nations that were involved in the signing of the treaty? (2)

4. Where was the treaty signed? (1)

5. Name the two persons who signed the treaty? (2)

6. State the main terms of the treaty? (4)

7. When was the actual date of Brunei’s independence? (1)

8. Brunei was in a way forced to sign the treaty of friendship and commerce with the British. Why was it so? (3)

126

Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III : Early life Stimulus questions

His Royal Highness the 28th Sultan of Brunei ascended in 1950 to succeed his brother Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin. He has made great improvements and developments in Brunei,His determination which had brought Brunei to international attention and recognition. He took Brunei forward as a modern country in the twentieth century. Q1. (a) What is the name of the 28th Sultan of Brunei? [1]

(b) When and where was the 28th Sultan of Brunei born ? [2]

(c) When did he rule Brunei ? [1]

Q2. (a) What type of education did His Royal Highness received in the palace ? [1]

(b) What was he taught in the palace ? [1]

Q3. (a) When did His Royal Highness received his formal education? [1]

(b) Name the College and town in Malaya where His Royal Highness had his formal education. [2]

Q4. (a) His Royal Highness had written a number of Syair. What was he known as for his interest in syair?

[1]

(b) Name three of the Syair His Royal Highness has written. [3]

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Brunei’s Participation In International Political Organizations

127

The 28th Sultan of Brunei

As an independent nation, Brunei has established diplomatic relations with many countries around the world. Embassies and High Commissions are maintained in many countries. Since independence Brunei has joined many international organizations.

a. Since independence Brunei has joined many international organizations. Name three of these organizations.

[3]i.

ii.

iii.

b. What is the Commonwealth ?

[2]

c. (i) What does ASEAN stand for ?

[1]

(ii) Name the five founding members of ASEAN.

[5]

(iii) What was the main aim of ASEAN ?

[2]

(iv) When did Brunei joined ASEAN ? [1]

128

d. (i) What does OIC stand for ?

[1]

(ii) What is the aim of OIC ?

[2]

(iii) When did Brunei join the OIC ?

e. (i) Brunei became the 157th member of this international organization on 21st September

1984. What is the name of this organization.

[1]

(ii) What can Brunei voice out through this organization?[2]

Section C: Stimulus Questions

Theme 6: The Nation Building years and Independence 1950-1984

Topic: Brunei Stand on the issue of Malaysia

129

Read the Passage below and answer the following questions:

Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III at the beginning found the idea of the formation of

Malaysia acceptable. His Royal Highness also set up a committee to seek the view of the

people.

The findings later showed that the population were divided into three groups. Some

opposed Brunei’s entry into Malaysia, some were in agreement and others wanted the

sultan to make the decision.

1. Name the Malayan Prime Minister who planned to unite the 5 countries under a Federation (1) (AO1)

2. List down the 5 countries that were planned to be united under a Federation. (5) (AO1)

3. Write TWO reasons why the Malayan Prime Minister wanted to unite the 5 countries. (2) (AO2)

4. Explain briefly the reasons why Brunei refused to join the Federation (2) (AO3)

5. In what year was the Federation formed without Brunei? (1) (AO1)

THEME 6 – THE NATION BUILDING YEARS AND INDEPENDENCE (1950 – 1984)

MCQ (GROUP 4) Early Life

1. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III ruled Brunei from the year _____ to ______.

130

A. 1950 to 1967B. 1951 to 1968C. 1952 to 1969D. 1953 to 1970

2. In 1932, SOAS III went to study in a Malay College in _______, Perak.A. Kuala KangarB. Kuala KangsarC. Kuala BaramD. Kuala Jerai

3. SOAS III was known as the Royal Poet because ___________.A. he was an educated person.B. he was able to change Brunei to a modern country.C. he was interested in writing the Malay poetry. D. he was able to make Brunei as an independent country.

Career Experiences 1. SOAS III started his career in 1936 as a ____________ in the _________.

A. police officer, defence department.B. military officer, Japanese Governor’s office.C. judicial officer, judiciary department. D. cadet officer, forestry department.

2. In the Judicial Department, SOAS III was also able to learn about the _______.A. Criminal and Civil Procedure Codes.B. Land Codes SystemC. Criminal Codes SyatemD. Land Enactment Codes System.

3. The name of the assistant British Resident who worked with Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III in the Judicial department was ____________.A. Malcolm McArthurB. H.F StalleyC. Hughes HalletD. James Stally

4. What was the occupation of SOAS III during the Japanese Occupation?A. Military police, Kempeitai.B. Secretary at the Japanese Governor’s Office.C. Administrator, Resident’s Office.

131

D. Jury, Judicial Department

5. In 1947, SOAS III was appointed as the _____________ of the Syariah court.A. MemberB. committeeC. ChairmanD. Judge

Ascension to the throne 1. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III was proclaimed as the 28th Sultan of Brunei on

_______.A. 3 June 1950B. 4 June 1950C. 5 June 1950D. 6 June 1950

2. The coronation of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III took place at ______________.A. Royal Ceremonial HallB. Istana Nurul ImanC. Royal RegaliaD. Istana Darul Hana

3. When was the coronation of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III?A. 29 May 1951B. 30 May 1951C. 31 May 1951D. 1 June 1951

132

4. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien was given the title “__________________” because he had brought Brunei to international attention and recognition.A. The Modern Brunei ArchitectB. The Modern Architecture of BruneiC. The Architect of Brunei ModernD. The Architect of Modern Brunei

The 1 st National Development Plan 1. When was the 1st National Development introduced?

A. 1950B. 1951C. 1952D. 1953

2. What was the budget of the 1st National Development Plan?A. $ 50 millionB. $100 millionC. $150 millionD. $200 million

3. Which of the following was the aim of the First National Development Plan ?A. diversifying the economic and improving the living standards of people B. ending the British Residential systemC. developing Muara as a free port D. starting Brunei international airport

4. Why was the First National Development Plan launched in 1953?A. to gain territories overseas B. to promote union with the Malay States C. to protect German investments in Brunei D. to improve the living standard of the people

5. How much money was allocated for the completion of the Gas Plant under the First National Development Plan 1953-1958?A. $10 million B. $12 million C. $14 million D. $100 million

133

Which of the following were the main developments under the 1st National Development Plan?

A. Oil Industry and EducationB. Fishing and AgricultureC. Communications and TransportationsD. Education and Commercial

6. What was one of the successes of the First National Development Plan?A. improved drainage and irrigationB. increased electricity and clean water suppliesC. the development of an aluminium industryD. the redevelopment of the rubber plantations

7. The table below shows the total primary school enrolment between 1953 and 1966

Year Boys Girls Total

1953 4,168 1,749 5,917

1959 9,322 5,684 15,006

1966 16,893 14,300 31,193

Why was there a rapid growth in school enrolment in this period?A. the expansion of education system throughout BruneiB. the parents began to realise the importance of educationC. the law was passed which made education compulsory in BruneiD. Parents were forced to send their children to school

8. Which important development took place in Brunei in 1956? A. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III succeeded to the throne.B. The Constitution Agreement was signed.C. The first teacher-training centre was opened.D. The Japanese Occupation came to an end.

9. When was an English medium school for girls, Sekolah TInggi Perempuan Raja Isteri set up ?A. 1953 B. 1956 C. 1958 D. 1961

134

10. When was the Brunei Teacher-Training Centre started?A. 1956 B. 1958 C. 1961 D. 1963

11. Who was responsible to set up a trade school in 1951?A. Brunei Government B. Dutch CompanyC. Brunei Shell Petroleum Company D. School of Engineering Company

12. When was state’s first nursing school started?A. October 1953 B. December 1953 C. January 1954 D. October 1954

13. Name a secondary school that was established in 1966 ?A. Sekolah Menengah Melayu Pertama B. Sekolah Menengah Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Alam C. the Muda Hashim Secondary School D. Sultan Hasan Malay Secondary School

14. When was Brunei’s first off-shore oil platform installed?A. 1946 B. 1950 C. 1952 D. 1954

The 2 nd National Development Plan 1. When was the 2nd National Development launched?

A. 1942B. 1952C. 1962D. 1972

135

2. What was discovered at South West Ampa in 1963?A. A major oil and gas fieldB. Ship wreakC. Fossils of dinosaursD. major archeological site.

3. Under the 2nd National Development Plan, what was paid attention in the Agriculture, Fishing and Forestry?A. Increase the quantity of rice and rubber production.B. Increase the production of tireC. Increase the quantity of fruits productionD. Increase the production of coal

4. Conservation and reforestation schemes were aimed at what in the 2nd National Development Plan?A. increasing the species of trees for commercial values.B. Increasing the species of animal C. Increasing the species of birds for commercial values.D. Increasing the species of mammal

5. In Commercial development and support structures, the 2nd National Development plant two big projects. What were the projects?A. Jerudong theme Park B. Forestry and conservationC. The Muara Deepwater port and the international airport.D. Zoo and National park

6. The 2nd National Development plan also paid special attention in the development of Health, education and welfare. In what area was priority given to?A. Eradicating tuberculosis and Malaria.B. Eradicating aids and HIVC. Eradicating plague D. Eradicating dental hygiene

7. What does WHO stand for?A. asking a person name B. Why Health OrganizationC. World Health OrganizationD. Whose Health Organization

136

The Written Constitution 1959 1. Who led a Brunei delegation to London to discuss about the Brunei Constitution?

A. Sultan Haji Hassanal BolkiahB. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin IIIC. Sultan Ahmad TajuddinD. Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam

2. Which committee was appointed in 1953 to find out about the views of the people on the Written Constitution for Brunei?A. Cobbold CommissionB. Tujoh SerangkaiC. Constitution CommitteeD. Advisory Committee

3. What was the aim of the “Tujoh Serangkai “?A. to discuss on the Written Constitution of BruneiB. to write on the education policy of BruneiC. to find out about the views of the people on the Written Constitution for

BruneiD. to advise the Sultan of Brunei

4. Who was the Sultan of Brunei during the signing of the Written Constitution of Brunei?A. Sultan Haji Hassanal BolkiahB. Sultan Ahmad TajuddinC. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin IIID. Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam

5. In which year was the Written Constitution introduced in Brunei ?A. 1958B. 1959C. 1953D. 1962

6. Where was the Constitution Agreement signed?A. Lapau DirajaB. International Convention CentreC. Istana Darul HanaD. Istana Nurul Iman

137

7. Who represented Brunei and the British government in the signing of the Constitution Agreement ceremony?A. Sultan Hj Hassanal Bolkiah and Sir Robert ScottB. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin III and Lord Cobbold C. Sultan Hj Hassanal Bolkiah and Lord CobboldD. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin III and Sir Robert Scott

8. Who represented the British government during the signing of the 1959 Brunei Written Constitution?A. Mac ArthurB. Lord CobboldC. Sir Robert ScottD. Anthony Abell

9. Which council was to advise the Sultan on all matters concerning the appointment of Malay customary ranks, titles, honours, etc?A. Religious CouncilB. Privy CouncilC. Council of MinistersD. Council of Succession

10. According to the Agreement of 1959, which of the following statement indicate the power of the Sultan?A. He had the power to appoint the Advisory CouncilB. He could not declare a state of EmergencyC. He had the power to appoint the British High CommissionerD. He could not amend or revoke any part of the constitution

11. Under the 1959 Brunei Constitution, how many councils were set up to assist the Sultan?A. 2B. 3C. 5D. 7

138

12. Who represented the British Government according to the Brunei Constitution of 1959?A. British AdvisorB. Governor-GeneralC. High CommissionerD. Resident

13. What was the new post created in the 1959 Constitution ?.A. Manteri PendalamanB. Menteri BesarC. Setiausaha BesarD. Menteri

14. Who was the first Menteri Besar of Brunei?A. Pehin Dato Perdana Menteri Dato Seri laila Utama Awang Aziz bin IbrahimB. Dato Seri Laila Utama Awang Hj Jaafar bin MaunC. Pehin Dato Perdana Menteri Dato Seri Laila Utama Awang Haji Ibrahim bin

Mohammad JahfarD. Dato Seri Laila Utama Awang Haji Isa bin Ibrahim

15. What was the responsibility of the British Government in 1959 Constitution Agreement?A. for internal and defence affairs onlyB. for internal and foreign affairs onlyC. for custom and defence affairs onlyD. for foreign and defence affairs only

16. Why was Brunei decide to have a written constitution of 1959 ?A. a step forward for Brunei to be responsible for its foreign affairsB. a step forward for Brunei in realizing its status as a sovereign nationC. a step forward for Brunei to maintain its territoriesD. a step forward for Brunei in realizing its status as a protectorate nation

17. What post was abolished in the 1959 Constitution Agreement ?.A. British AdvisorB. Governor-GeneralC. High CommissionerD. Resident

139

Brunei’s stand on Malaysia Issue 1. Who proposed the formation of Malaysia?

A. Tunku Abdul RahmanB. Lee Kuan YewC. Lord CobboldD. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III

2. Why did Brunei decide not to join Malaysia in 1963?A. Brunei did not want to share the revenue from oilB. Brunei did not want to have a prime ministerC. Brunei did not want to use the name “Malaysia”D. Brunei did not like the idea at all

3. When was Malaysia formed?A. 16 September 1962B. 23 September 1963C. 16 September 1963D. 23 September 1962

4. Name the country that decided not to join Malaysia.A. SingaporeB. BruneiC. MalaccaD. Sarawak

5. Which of the following was a reason for Brunei decided not to join Malaysia in 1963?A. Brunei’s Sultan would not have a chance to be the Constitutional monarch of

MalaysiaB. Brunei did not want to have a Prime MinisterC. Brunei’s Sultan be ranked as the most junior member in line to be the

Constitutional monarch of MalaysiaD. Brunei did not want to use the name “Malaysia”

The Achievements of SOAS III 1. What was the greatest achievement of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III?

A. The building of schoolsB. The signing of the 1959 Constitution AgreementC. Brunei did not join the Federation of MalaysiaD. The development of oil industry

140

2. When was Islam made as the state religion of Brunei?A. 1951B. 1955C. 1959D. 1963

3. SOAS III ensure the welfare of his less fortunate subjects to be taken care through various provisions. Name any two.A. Pension for the aged and allowances for tuberculosis patientsB. Building hospitals and allowances for the mentally retarded childrenC. Allowances for tuberculosis patients and building hospitalsD. Pension for the aged and provide water supplies

4. In which year did Brunei’s own currency note replace the Straits dollar used since 1906?A. 1951B. 1957C. 1961D. 1967

The Abdication 1. When did Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III abdicate?

A. 4 October 1967B. 5 October 1967C. 6 October 1967D. 7 October 1967

2. Where was the Crown Prince when he was announced as the 29th Sultan of Brunei?A. EnglandB. MalayaC. BritainD. Perak

3. When did the proclamation take place?A. 4 October 1967B. 5 October 1967C. 6 October 1967D. 7 October 1967

The Role of SOAS III after the abdication

141

1. What was SOAS III known as after his abdication?A. Architect of ModernBruneiB. Duli Yang Teramat Mulia Paduka Seri Begawan Sultan Sir Muda Omar Ali

Saifuddien Sa’adul Khairi WaddienC. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien IIID. Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Begawan Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien

Sa’adul Khairi Waddien

2. What post did Paduka Seri Begawan Sultan hold on Brunei’s independence in 1984?A. Minister of FinanceB. Minister of DefenceC. Minister of Foreign AffairsD. Minister of Trade

3. When did His Royal Highness, SOAS III died?A. 5 September 1986B. 6 September 1986C. 7 September 1986D. 8 September 1986

Road to the Independence of Brunei and the 1971 Agreement 1. What was agreed in the 1971 Agreement?

A. Brunei was granted full internal self-governmentB. To stop giving Brunei territories to foreign powersC. Brunei had to accept British Resident to advise the SultanD. British warships could enter all ports and river in Brunei

2. Who signed the 1971 agreement on 23 November 1971? A. Sultan Hashim and Sir Hugh LowB. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin II and James BrookeC. Sultan Abdul Momin and Malcolm McArthurD. Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah and Anthony Henry Fanshawe Royle

3. Which of the following is the new post created under the 1971 Agreement? A. Menteri BesarB. General AdviserC. Prime MinisterD. Assistant Resident

142

The Anglo-Brunei Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation of 1979 and Full Independence in 19841. Who signed the Anglo-Brunei Treary of Friendship and Cooperation in 1979?

A. Sultan Hashim and Sir Hugh LowB. Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah and Lord Goronwy-RobertsC. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III and Sir Robert ScottD. Sultan Abdul Momin and Malcolm McArthur

2. When was the actual date of Brunei Independence? A. 1 January 1984B. 1 January 1985C. 23 February 1984D. 23 February 1985

3. How many years was Brunei under the protection of the British government? A. 95 yearsB. 90 yearsC. 85 yearsD. 80 years

4. Who read the proclamation of Full Independence of Brunei in 1984? A. Sultan Hassanal BolkiahB. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien IIIC. Sultan Muhammad Jamalul AlamD. Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin

5. Who recited “Allahu Akhbar” (Allah is almighty) three times at the declaration of Brunei’s Independence in 1984? A. Sultah Hassanal BokiahB. Paduka Seri Begawan Sultan Haji Omar Ali Saifuddien IIIC. Marsal MaunD. Haji Ibrahim bin Mohd Jaafar

6. Which of the following do you think was the term of the Anglo-Brunei Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation 1979? A. Brunei take over its international affairsB. British is responsible for international affairsC. Brunei take over its internal affairsD. British is responsible for internal affairs

143

7. Where did these treaties (The 1971 agreement and Anglo-Brunei Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation 1979) was signed? A. Istana Nurul ImanB. Lapau Di-RajaC. Brunei Historical CentreD. Brunei Museum

144