Speed Control

The Grundfos concept of electronic speed control

GRUNDFOS SPEED CONTROL

2

User interface

Software

Control

Sensor

Frequency converter

Standard motor

Pump

Within the Grundfos concept of speed-controlled pumps, the circula-tor is integrated with a frequency converter, a sensor and software for speed control. This sensor automatically identifies variations in flow and communicates this information to the frequency converter. This in turn regulates itself, to achieve the head needed. This interaction happens constantly thus ensuring the most energy-efficient opera-tion possible.

3

Flow > RPM

Head > RPM

Effect > RPM

=Q2

Q1

n2

n1

=n2

n1

2H2

H1

=n2

n1

3P2

P1

H (%)

Fixed systemcharacteristic

P (%)

100

100 Q (%)

Q (%)100

50

50

100

12.5

25

RPM100%

Regulating the temperature is not sufficient

By controlling a heating system or an air-conditioning sys-

tem on the basis of temperature only, a considerable amount

of energy is wasted if the flow varies. Without constant

regulation the volume of water flowing through the system

will be unnecessarily excessive.

Old circulators …and new

In systems with circulators that have no speed control the

head increases as the flow decreases, and visa versa. In

practice, this means that a lot of energy is lost in the system.

The development of speed-controlled pumps means that this

energy, formerly lost in a hydraulic system due to changes

in consumption throughout the day and the year, can now

be saved or used for other purposes. As the utilisation of

energy is subject to the law of affinity, the value of even small

differences is significant.

A comparison ...

To make a comparison with the world of motoring, a

pump without speed control is like a car being driven at

full speed with the driver reducing the speed by applying

the brakes. Taking the same analogy using speed control,

this is comparable to a driver controlling the speed of the car

by using the accelerator.

This new era of pump

technology means

electronic speed control

The law of affinity shows the clear link between RPM/Flow/Head/Effect.Decreasing the flow to RPM to 50% gives a Flow at 50%, but the Head is decreased to 25%, and the needed Effect is reduced to only 12.5%.

Speed control, new technologySpeed control, old technology

4

The basic principle

The idea behind speed-controlled pumps is to integrate

electronic control, thus ensuring each pump automatically

adapts its output to the current conditions. This ensures that

energy consumption is always maintained at its minimum,

for the given conditions. By automatically controlling its own

speed, the pump will continuously regulate the pressure

(head) so that it is optimally adapted to the speed of water

(flow). As the flow decreases, the converter will regulate the

speed of the circulator, to achieve the required head. The

pump will therefore adjust to the reduced friction in pipes,

valves and thermostats at the lower flows.

The components and their interaction

Within the Grundfos range of speed-controlled pumps the

circulator is integrated with a frequency converter, a sensor

and software for speed control. The sensor automatically

identifies the variations in the flow and communicates this

information to the frequency converter so it can regulate

accordingly, to achieve the required head. This interaction is

continuous and ensures the most energy-efficient operation.

Temperature control as well

The pump can also be temperature-regulated. This regulation

also happens automatically.

Electronic

speed control

means ...Two pumps Single pump operation (1 operation/1 standby)

Pump type Motor size Controller Control mode

Twin-head pumps with integrated speed control

UPED Series 2000 ≤1.5 kW None Proportional/constant pressure

TPED/LMDE/LPDE ≤7.5 kW DC 2000 ME(PO) All control modesSeries 1000

Standard twin-head pumps

All pumps 22-45 kW DC 2000 MF All control modes

Single head pumps with integrated speed control

UPE Series 2000 ≤1.5 kW Twin head module Proportional/constant pressure

TPE Series 2000 ≤7.5 kW PMU Proportional/constant pressure

TPE/LME/LPE/CLME/NBE/ ≤22 kW DC 2000 ME (PO) All control modesNKE Series 1000

Standard single head pumps


2-4 pumps in parallel operation (+1 standby)


UPE Series 2000 ≤1.5 kW PMU Proportional/constant pressure


TPE/LME/LPE/NBE/NKE ≤22 kW DC 2000 ME(PO)/MEH All control modesSeries 1000


All pumps 22-315 kW DC 2000 MF/MFH All control modes

H

Q Flow

Reduced frequency

Set point

Pres

sure

Reduced frequencyH

Q Flow

Set point

H

Q Flow

Increased frequency

Set point

Pres

sure

Pres

sure

1. When the flow is decreasing, the controller will detect a rise in pressure.

2. The controller will send a signal to the frequency converter to decrease the output until the pressure has returned to the required level.

3. When the flow is increasing again, the controller will detect a drop in pressure.

4. The controller will send a signal to the frequency converter to increase the output until the pressure has returned to the required level.

Flow

Constant frequency

Set point

Pres

sure

H

Q

5

A new era in pump technology

The development of speed-controlled pumps has created

nothing short of a revolution in pump technology. By being

able to automatically control its own speed, the pump will

continually regulate the pressure so that it optimally adapts

to the flow. The driving force behind this innovative process

has been the desire to achieve energy savings and an increase

in comfort levels – without compromising the pumps

lifespan or reliability.

The easy to install all-in-one solution

Grundfos speed-controlled pumps have an in-built motor,

frequency converter and the necessary application software

to make installation much simpler. As well as ensuring the

optimum adjustment of flow rates, and thereby achieve

energy savings, the installation costs and the risks of errors

are reduced as components are pre-configured, and therefore

already fully integrated.

Large capacity and parallel coupling

Offering large flow capacity and the parallel coupling

of pumps, we design solutions with external frequency

converters and control systems. Although these do not

comprise a single unit in the physical sense, they are

fully integrated as regards functionality and offer a true

all-in-one solution.

Two versions: Series 2000 and Series 1000

We offer two versions of speed-controlled pumps – each

of which covers a wide range of products. The Series 2000,

which is pre-defined to continuously regulate the pressure

according to flow, and the Series 1000, which allows for

any configuration of control method required: i.e. constant

pressure, proportional pressure, temperature control or

constant flow.

Electronic speed control

with Grundfos, allows for fully

integrated pump control

6

Grundfos electronic

speed-controlled pumps have

many possible applications

Full-line in building services

Grundfos speed-controlled pumps are equally suitable for

heating, air-conditioning and pressure-boosting systems.

All these types of systems can benefit from using a speed-

controlled regulator, which adjusts automatically.

Heating which offers significant energy savings

In the area of heating, the ultimate benefit of Grundfos

speed-controlled pumps is the ability to achieve huge

energy savings without compromising the pumps lifespan

or reliability.

Air-conditioning and custom-built pump solutions for

optimising the system

Never mind how complex an air-conditioning system is, or

how dramatic the variations in flow are during any 24-hour

period, we will have the correct pump solution to optimise

the entire system.

Pressure boosting and reliability of supply

Through continuously controlling the speed, and thereby

adjusting the flow, the use of Grundfos speed-controlled

pumps for boosting, reduces energy consumption, while

ensuring the supply is regulated throughout the day.

H(m)

2 4 6 10 20 100 200 600

6040

20

10

64

2 Q(m3/h)

H(m)

2 4 6 10 20 100 200 600

6040

20

10

64

2 Q(m3/h)

H(m)

2 4 6 10 20 100 200 600

6040

20

10

64

2 Q(m3/h)

CRE

Hydro Solo-E Hydro Multi-E Hydro 2000

TPE/LME/LPE(D) NBE/NKE

UPE(D) Series 2000MAGNA UPE Series 2000

TPE Series 2000

CLME

TPE/LME/LPE(D) NBE/NKE

TPE series 2000 CLME

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A one-stop

pump supplier

Meeting all requirements

Grundfos offers a broad range of speed-controlled pump

solutions. Our extensive range of different pumps and

components ensure this. When coupled with a wide selection

of support tools and the expert advice available, you have a

reliable, value-for-money solution, for virtually any pump

application.

One-stop pump supplier

Working in partnership with Grundfos means you can

reduce the number of pump suppliers required, to just one

- Grundfos. A supplier who will assume the responsibility for

ensuring the correct components are selected and combined

to offer the best possible solution. This is both in terms of

reliability and from a value for money perspective.

Easy to select speed-controlled pumps

To provide straightforward and reliable answers to pump

selection questions, we have developed a collection of

support tools. For example, the electronic tool, WinCAPS.

With WinCAPS what may have previously appeared to be

a complex decision, has now become a comparatively simple

process.

Life Cycle Cost analysis

In addition, Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis is an important

equation within the selection of speed-controlled pumps.

The LCC creates a unique standard of reference and provides

the answers to questions about the cost savings that can

be made by choosing a given speed-controlled solution.

This method calculates the cost of a complete pump system,

from a ‘cradle to grave’ scenario and incorporates all costs

including the cost of the initial technology, installation,

ongoing maintenance as well as the all important area

of energy consumption.

Life Cycle Cost – 10 years of operation

System 1

System 2

Euro

70,000

60,000

50,000

40,000

30,000

20,000

10,000

0

System 1: Selected pump: UPS 40-120, 400 W (20 pumps).System 2: Selected pump: MAGNA 40-120, 440 W (20 pumps).

Depending on the energy price, there is a very short payback time on the extra cost of a speed-controlled pump system. Given a cost of 0.1 euro per kWh, the payback time in the example is between two and three years. Based on calculation principles from Hydraulic Institute and Europump.

Initial costs Energy costs Maintenance costs

Products

UPE Series 2000

TPE Series 2000

Series 1000

Hydro systems

System Pressureboosting

Air-conitioningsystems

Heatingsystems

8

∆p

TPE three phasedTPE single-phasedMAGNA

Pumps with integrated sensors Pre-setting for circulation, constant and proportional pressure

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Pre-configured to adapt to the flow

The Series 2000 pumps are pre-configured to regulate the

pressure continually in accordance with flow. To achieve this,

the pump has an inbuilt sensor that automatically identifies

the variations in flow and communicates this information to

the frequency converter so that it can adjust, to achieve the

required head.

Ready to install

Being pre-configured, Series 2000 pumps eliminate the need

for any initial programming, thus making the installation

process extremely easy and straightforward.

All Series 2000 pumps benefit from the ability of being

speed-controlled which means they:

• utilise the energy by adapting to the heat fluctuations

in each specific building

• adjust to match the climatic variations throughout the

year

• ensure optimum performance throughout the day

• minimise the noise of the circulators by reducing the

load on the valves.

Large capacity

With Grundfos speed-controlled pumps, you also get a

reliable connection of pumps in situations where more than

one pump is required.

The Grundfos Series 2000

means speed-controlled pumps which

are preset and ready to operate

0 2000 4000 6000 8000Hours0

20

40

60

80

100

Flow in %

0 2000 4000 6000 8000Hours0

20

40

60

80

100

Flow in %

Yearly calculation profileYearly load profile

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Constant flow

Temperature control

Proportional pressureProportional pressure

Constant flow

Temperature control

∆p p t Q

Pump without pre-mounted sensorR-100

The Series 1000

pumps offers free

choice of settings

Free choice of settings

The circulators of the Series 1000 pumps have options for

selecting any configuration and control method required:

i.e. constant pressure, proportional pressure, temperature

control or constant flow. The configuration can be defined

to suit any specific operating conditions and can equally be

amended to allow for ongoing changes.

Extra potential

The Series 1000 pumps incorporate all the benefits of the

Series 2000 as well as offering the potential for even more

sensitive regulation. Which solution offers the best value for

money can be calculated in each individual situation on the

basis of, for example, Life Cycle Cost analysis.

Large capacity

The Grundfos concept of speed-controlled pumps also means

reliable connection of pumps in situations where more than

one pump is required.

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TPE single-phased twin pump 1.1 kW

TPE three phased 7.5 kW

TPE three phased 22 kW

NBE 7.5 kW

12

0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 Hours0

20

40

60

80

100

Flow in %On/Off

P

Hydro Solo24-hour load profile

Hydro Multi-E

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The ultimate challenge – a reliable supply

The Grundfos CRE pumps and Hydro pump systems for

pressure boosting are based on exactly the same principles

as all Grundfos speed-controlled pumps: By continuously

adapting to achieve the optimal flow, the energy used is

maximised and the reliability of supply remains constant

throughout the day. So even allowing for huge variations in

consumption, a high level of comfort and maximum energy-

efficient operation is guaranteed.

Superior precision and corrosion resistance

Every Grundfos speed-controlled pump is primarily produced

from high-grade stainless steel, which allows for extremely

high degrees of precision in pump design as well as offering

superior corrosion resistance.

Minimising noise

At the same time, the valve load is reduced and therefore

noise is minimised.

The Grundfos System Guide – booster edition

The Grundfos System Guide has a specific section devoted to

Pressure Boosting. If you require more technical information

on boosting, you can request a Grundfos System Guide – or

the electronic selection tool WinCAPS.

The CRE series offers

pressure boosting in conjunction

with improved supply reliability

P

On/Off

Constant discharge pressureHydro Multi-E

System type

Pressure boosting– system with break tank

gt ith b k t

Pressure boosting– system with direct connection to water mains

Zone divided watersupply

Product type

Gru

nd

fos CR

E

Hyd

ro Solo

Hyd

ro 200

0

Hyd

ro Mu

lti-E

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Communications and comfort

Direct communication between building management

systems and individual system components is vital in

ensuring the reliability of supply as well as other aspects of

user comfort.

Network communication

A network communications option is integrated into each

Grundfos speed-controlled pump. This option can be used

with analogue or digital communications, and it gives access

to modules compatible with LONbus and the Grundfos

GENIbus.

BUS communication

By using BUS communication, the Grundfos speed-controlled

pumps can communicate with all kinds of building manage-

ment systems. From a central PC you can assess the pump

performance and monitor system conditions. This means

that the performance of each circulator can be optimised to

system requirements and pump activity can be coordinated

with other building systems.

Series 2000 pumps (in zones)Per pump:

Fault indication (digital)Operation indication (digital)

Set point (analouge)Start/stop (digital)

All pumps and MAGNAPer pump:

All available data from the pumpField bus:GENIbus

LONworks

All pumps (excl. Series 2000)System:

Fault indication (digital)Operation indication (digital)

Ou

tpu

t Equ

ipm

ent B

asic pu

mp

s

Grundfos electronic

speed-controlled pumps mean advanced

control and safe building management

PCU PMUControl2000

G 10

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With the Grundfos concept

of speed-control, you can achieve

the reliable integration of pumps

It is essential for Grundfos to offer reliable, integrated pump

solutions to match any flow capacity and system characteris-

tics required. When there is a demand for solutions with more

than one pump, this is provided by external control panels

– the Delta Control. For large-capacity systems we integrate

the frequency converter with the control panel.

These solutions do not form a single unit in the physical

sense, however, the components are dedicated to each other

and fully integrated functionally, providing a true all-in-one

solution.

Furthermore, when we design integrated pump solutions,

value-for-money is the ultimate goal – encompassing the

total installation costs, maintenance costs and energy

consumption.

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Two pumps Single pump operation (1 operation/1 standby)

Pump type Motor size Controller Control mode

Twin-head pumps with integrated speed control

UPED Series 2000 ≤1.5 kW None Proportional/constant pressure

TPED/LMDE/LPDE ≤7.5 kW DC 2000 ME(PO) All control modesSeries 1000

Standard twin-head pumps



UPE Series 2000 ≤1.5 kW Twin head module Proportional/constant pressure


TPE/LME/LPE/CLME/NBE/ ≤22 kW DC 2000 ME (PO) All control modesNKE Series 1000



2-4 pumps in parallel operation (+1 standby)


UPE Series 2000 ≤1.5 kW PMU Proportional/constant pressure


TPE/LME/LPE/NBE/NKE ≤22 kW DC 2000 ME(PO)/MEH All control modesSeries 1000


All pumps 22-315 kW DC 2000 MF/MFH All control modes

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Delta Control 2000 Concept

Type Function System type Maximum half-size pumps Maximum full-size pumps Control panel

Controls for pumps with integrated speed control

PMU All pumps are speed-controlled. Small to medium heating 7.5 kW No Alternation between all pumps. and air-con systems with No. of pumps: 2-4 (8) minimum flow ≥ 25% (only for Series 2000 range)

ME(PO) All pumps are speed-controlled. Medium to large heating 22 kW No Alternation between all pumps. and air-con systems with No. of pumps: 2-4 minimum flow ≥ 25%

ME All pumps are speed-controlled. Medium to large heating 22 kW Yes Alternation between all pumps. and air-con systems with No. of pumps: 2-4 minimum flow ≥ 25%

MEH Half-size pumps are speed-con- Medium to large heating 22 kW 45 kW Yes trolled. Alternation between all and air-con systems with half-size pumps. minimum flow ≤ 25% No. of pumps: 3-4

Controls for pumps with external speed control

MF One pump is speed-controlled. Larger heating and air-con 315 kW Yes Alternation between all constant- systems with minimum speed pumps. flow ≤ 25% No. of pumps: 2-4

MFH Half-size pumps are speed-con- Larger heating and air-con 160 kW 315 kW Yes trolled. Alternation between systems with minimum half-size pumps. flow ≤ 25% No. of pumps: 3-4

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Speed-controlled pumps mean Grundfos reliability

Just as reliability is a hallmark of the Grundfos constant-

speed pumps, so it is within our speed-controlled pumps.

Millions of our pump solutions around the world tell the

same story of pumps operating perfectly 24 hours day in, day

out, year after year.

Our pumps, in context

Each single pump is vital to ensuring the entire flow in a

system. We do however understand, that the quality of

the pump can only be assessed in its proper context. The

value of a pump, speed-controlled or not, is derived from its

interaction with the rest of the system. This calls for support

through, for example, system knowledge.

Flow Thinking is our working philosophy

Flow Thinking is our working philosophy because it means

taking a holistic approach and ensuring we create solutions,

which take the entire pumping solution into account. It also

demonstrates that partnership is the best possible working

relationship. For us, support is the essence of partnership.

Dedicated to knowledge and innovation

Ever since its foundation, Grundfos has been dedicated

to ensuring reliable products built to a superior quality

– through the relentless pursuit of knowledge and innova-

tion. We invest about EUR 50 million in research a year,

and we award the Grundfos Prize to encourage and promote

research.

Electronic tools to help with selection

Our one-on-one consultancy has been complimented with

electronic support tools. For example, dimensioning, pump

selection and cost calculations have all been made easier

through utilising either WinCAPS or WebCAPS. WinCAPS

is our efficient electronic tool that contains all the

important calculation programmes that you may find

helpful. A short version, WebCAPS, is available on the

Internet at www.grundfos.com.

The Grundfos System Guide – versions for heating,

cooling or pressure boosting

This hard-copy guide provides an overview of heating

systems, cooling systems and pressure-boosting systems.

It gives technical information about the different solutions

– and the respective circulators required.

A green company

For Grundfos, it is imperative that innovation should also

take into account the protection of the world’s resources.

Whenever a speed-controlled pump is chosen to replace

one with no regulation, it represents a small, but important

contribution, in reducing overall energy consumption.

Grundfos reliability

means knowledge,

partnership and support

This hard-copy guide provides an overview of heating systems. It gives technical information about the different solutions – and the respective circulators required.

WinCAPS is our efficient electronic tool, which includes important calculation programmes, for example, it incorporates models which can be used for calculating Life Cycle Cost analysis. A short version, WebCAPS, is available on the Internet at www.grundfos.com

Being responsible is our foundationThinking ahead makes it possible

Innovation is the essence

GRUNDFOS Pumps Ltd.Grovebury Road, Leighton BuzzardBeds. LU7 8TLTel: 01 525 850000 Fax: 01525 850011

www.grundfos.com

Speed Control

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