Speeches

Speeches

Nonfiction Oral Audience

Types: political, address, sermon

Political Speeches

Government/politics Persuasion

Example:Revolutionary War speakers = Patrick Henry, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Paine

Address

Formal Honors an occasion or the speaker

Example:Abraham Lincoln’s “Gettysburg Address”-Dedicated a military cemetery during the Civil War

Sermon

Based on scriptural text Provides religious or moral

instruction

Example:Jonathan Edwards’ “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”

Persuasion

Persuasion

Speech or writing that tries to get the audience to think or act in a certain way

Persuasive Techniques

The methods a speaker or writer uses to appeal to the audience

Types: logical appeal, emotional appeal, ethical appeal

Logical Appeal

Argument based on evidence (facts, statistics, expert testimony)

Emotional Appeal

Attempts to arouse the audience’s feelings

Uses words that evoke an emotional response (positive or negative)

Ethical Appeal

Directed at audience’s sense of morality or values

Linked to trustworthiness and moral character of the speaker

Rhetorical Devices

Rhetorical Devices

Special patterns of words and ideas that create emphasis and stir the audience’s emotions

Types: repetition, restatement, parallelism, antithesis, rhetorical questions

Patrick Henry

1736-1799 United colonists to fight Britain for

independence Opposed Stamp Act

Required colonists to pay taxes on every piece of printed paper they used

Most famous speech = “Speech in the Virginia Convention” Argued for armed resistance to England Led to signing of Declaration of

Independence