Specific Defense (pg 8)

Specific Defense (pg 8)

• Third line of defense• Results in immunity

Specific Defense (pg 8)

• Third line of defense• Results in immunityCharacteristics:1. Specific: recognizes and acts against

particular pathogens

Specific Defense (pg 8)

• Third line of defense• Results in immunityCharacteristics:1. Specific: recognizes and acts against

particular pathogens2. Systemic: immunity is not restricted to the

initial infection site

Specific Defense (pg 8)

• Third line of defense• Results in immunity• Characteristics:1. Specific: recognizes and acts against particular

pathogens2. Systemic: immunity is not restricted to the initial

infection site3. Memory: Mounts an even stronger attack on

pathogens that have been previously encountered

Definitions

• Antigen: molecules that are recognized as foreign by the body. Bacteria and other pathogens bear such foreign molecules on the surface of their cells.

Definitions

• Antigen: molecules that are recognized as foreign by the body. Bacteria and other pathogens bear such foreign molecules on the surface of their cells.

• Antibody: Y-shaped proteins produced by the body. Each antibody attacks only one particular antigen and disables it. “Predator drones”

Types of Lymphocytes• All lymphocytes are made in the bone

marrow, but they go to different places to become immunocompetent (capable of responding to a specific antigen)

Types of Lymphocytes• All lymphocytes are made in the bone

marrow, but they go to different places to become immunocompetent (capable of responding to a specific antigen)

• T-lymphocytes (70%): mature in the thymus. Involved in cell-mediated immunity, where t-lymphocytes directly attack antigens. Most effective against virus-infected cells, cancer cells, foreign tissue, fungi, protozoans

Types of Lymphocytes• T-lymphocytes (70%): mature in the thymus.

Involved in cell-mediated immunity, where t-lymphocytes directly attack antigens. Most effective against virus-infected cells, cancer cells, foreign tissue, fungi, protozoans

• B-lymphocytes (30%): mature in the bone marrow. Involved in antibody-mediated immunity. B-lymphocytes don’t attack directly, but produce antibodies that bind to the antigen and inactivate it. Most effective against bacteria, viruses outside of cells, and toxins

Output (pg 9)

• Paste in Antibody-mediated and Cell-mediated immunity diagrams

Acquired Immunity (pg 10)

Acquired Immunity (pg 10)

• Active: Individual’s own body produces memory T-cells and B-cells

Acquired Immunity (pg 10)

• Active: Individual’s own body produces memory T-cells and B-cells

• Passive: Immune agents are made in someone else’s body and then transferred to the individual

Acquired Immunity (pg 10)

1. Active natural: Contract a disease and produce memory cells

Acquired Immunity (pg 10)

1. Active natural: Contract a disease and produce memory cells

2. Active artificial: receive a vaccination and produce memory cells

Acquired Immunity (pg 10)

1. Active natural: Contract a disease and produce memory cells

2. Active artificial: receive a vaccination and produce memory cells

3. Passive natural: baby receive maternal antibodies through placenta or breast milk

Acquired Immunity (pg 10)1. Active natural: Contract a disease and

produce memory cells2. Active artificial: receive a vaccination and

produce memory cells3. Passive natural: baby receive maternal

antibodies through placenta or breast milk4. Passive artificial: receive antiserum that

contains antibodies produced in another host. Used to treat rabies, botulism, bites from venomous snakes and spiders