Special issue of WHO newsletter, August · PDF fileစြာ...
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Update As advised by Ministry of Health and Sports, Myanmar, as at 1 August 2017, among 213 severe acute respiraotry infection cases, 62 were confirmed for seasonal influenza A (H1N1) pdm09. This includes 12 deaths. In this regard, WHO is actively collaborating with the national health authorities to provide all necessary, timely support regarding prevention, detection and response to influenza. Furthermore, we would like to provide the following information regarding influenza -- including simple prevention measures which will be helpful. General information about seasonal influenza ● Seasonal influenza is an acute viral infection that spreads easily from person to person. ● Seasonal influenza viruses circulate worldwide and can affect people in any age group. ● In temperate climates, seasonal epidemics occur mainly during winter while in tropical regions, influenza seasonality is less obvious and epidemics can occur throughout the year. ● Seasonal influenza is a serious public health problem that can cause severe illness and death in high risk populations. ● An influenza epidemic can take an economic toll through lost workforce productivity and strained health services. ● Influenza vaccination is an effective way to prevent disease. ● Antiviral drugs are available for treatment, though influenza viruses can develop resistance. How do you prevent influenza from spreading? ● Influenza is a droplet infection, not airborne, and not highly pathogenic. ● Influenza can spread quickly between people when an infected person coughs or sneezes, dispersing droplets of the virus into the air. ● It can be also spread by hands contaminated by the virus. ● Therefore, frequent hand washing with soap and water as well as cleaning surface is much important in prevention. People should cover their mouth and nose, ideally by coughing/ sneezing into the sleeve of their shoulder/arm/elbow (see picture), or if not with a tissue, then throw the tissue out and wash hands thoroughly and regularly. Seasonal influenza vaccination ● Vaccination is one of the effective ways to prevent infection and severe outcomes caused by influenza viruses. ● Vaccination is especially important for people at higher risk of serious influenza complications, and for people who live with, or care for, high risk individuals. WHO recommends seasonal influenza vaccination for the following individuals: High priority: o Pregnant women Priority (in no particular order): o Children aged 6-59 months o Elderly o Individuals with specific chronic medical conditions o Health-care workers Effectiveness of influenza vaccines ● The reported effectiveness of influenza vaccines varies substantially with different factors. For example, it varies with the match between the vaccine strains and prevailing influenza strains. Also, it varies with the severity of infection. Full details are available at WHO website: http://www.who.int/wer/2012/wer8747/en/ Is seasonal influenza linked to pandemic flu? ● Seasonal influenza outbreaks are caused by small changes in viruses that have already circulated, and to which many people have some immunity. ● A pandemic occurs when an influenza virus emerges that most people do not have immunity to -- because it is different from any previous strain in humans. This may enable a new strain to spread more easily between people. ● Seasonal influenza viruses may contribute to the emergence of a pandemic virus. Further, once a pandemic virus has been established -- as with the pandemic A (H1N1) in the year 2009 -- it can become a seasonal virus. Influenza event in Myanmar Influenza Full details regarding seasonal Influenza - including precautions - are available at http://www.who.int/features/qa/seasonal-influenza/en/ Further information regarding Influenza overall is available at http://www.who.int/influenza/en/ Details on Influenza vaccine: http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/candidates_reagents/201703_qanda_recommendation.pdf?ua=1 Special issue of WHO newsletter, August 2017
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Transcript of Special issue of WHO newsletter, August · PDF fileစြာ...
UpdateAs advised by Ministry of Health and Sports,
Myanmar, as at 1 August 2017, among 213 severe acute respiraotry infection cases, 62 were confirmed for seasonal influenza A (H1N1) pdm09. This includes 12 deaths. In this regard, WHO is actively collaborating with the national health authorities to provide all necessary, timely support regarding prevention, detection and response to influenza.
Furthermore, we would like to provide the following information regarding influenza -- including simple prevention measures which will be helpful.
General information about seasonal influenza ● Seasonal influenza is an acute viral infection that
spreads easily from person to person. ● Seasonal influenza viruses circulate worldwide and
can affect people in any age group. ● In temperate climates, seasonal epidemics occur
mainly during winter while in tropical regions, influenza seasonality is less obvious and epidemics can occur throughout the year.
● Seasonal influenza is a serious public health problem that can cause severe illness and death in high risk populations.
● An influenza epidemic can take an economic toll through lost workforce productivity and strained health services.
● Influenza vaccination is an effective way to prevent disease.
● Antiviral drugs are available for treatment, though influenza viruses can develop resistance.
How do you prevent influenza from spreading? ● Influenza is a droplet infection, not airborne, and
not highly pathogenic. ● Influenza can spread quickly between people when
an infected person coughs or sneezes, dispersing droplets of the virus into the air.
● It can be also spread by hands contaminated by the virus.
● Therefore, frequent hand washing with soap and water as well as cleaning surface is much important in prevention.
People should cover their mouth and nose, ideally by coughing/sneezing into the sleeve of their shoulder/arm/elbow (see picture), or
if not with a tissue, then throw the tissue out and wash hands thoroughly and regularly.
Seasonal influenza vaccination
● Vaccination is one of the effective ways to prevent infection and severe outcomes caused by influenza viruses.
● Vaccination is especially important for people at higher risk of serious influenza complications, and for people who live with, or care for, high risk individuals. WHO recommends seasonal influenza vaccination for the following individuals:
High priority: o Pregnant women
Priority (in no particular order):o Children aged 6-59 monthso Elderlyo Individuals with specific chronic medical
conditionso Health-care workers
Effectiveness of influenza vaccines
● The reported effectiveness of influenza vaccines varies substantially with different factors. For example, it varies with the match between the vaccine strains and prevailing influenza strains. Also, it varies with the severity of infection.
Full details are available at WHO website: http://www.who.int/wer/2012/wer8747/en/
Is seasonal influenza linked to pandemic flu?
● Seasonal influenza outbreaks are caused by small changes in viruses that have already circulated, and to which many people have some immunity.
● A pandemic occurs when an influenza virus emerges that most people do not have immunity to -- because it is different from any previous strain in humans. This may enable a new strain to spread more easily
between people.
● Seasonal influenza viruses may contribute to the emergence of a pandemic virus. Further, once a pandemic virus has been established -- as with the pandemic A (H1N1) in the year 2009 -- it can become a seasonal virus.
Influenza event in Myanmar
Influenza
Full details regarding seasonal Influenza - including precautions - are available at http://www.who.int/features/qa/seasonal-influenza/en/Further information regarding Influenza overall is available at http://www.who.int/influenza/en/Details on Influenza vaccine: http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/candidates_reagents/201703_qanda_recommendation.pdf?ua=1
Special issue of WHO newsletter, August 2017
Page 2 || WHO Newsletter, August 2017: Special issue on Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09
ရာသတပေကြး Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 ျဖစပြားမႈ အေျခအေန၂၀၁၇ ဇလငလ (၃၁) ရက ေန႔အထ ကနးမာေရးႏင အားကစား ဝနၾကးဌာနမ ရရေသာ သတငးအခက အလက မားအရ၊ လတတေလာ ျပငးထန အသကရ လမးေၾကာငး ပးဝငေရာဂါျဖင ေဆးရတက ကသ လနာ (၂၁၃) ဥး အနက ရာသတပေကြး A (H1N1) pdm09 ပးရသ (၆၂) ဥး ေတြ႔ရပါသည။ ၄ငးတ႔အနက (၁၂) ဥး ေသဆး ခပါသည။
ကမၻာကနးမာေရး အဖြ႕မလညး တာဝနရသမားႏင တကၾကြ စြာ ပးေပါငးေဆာငရြကလက ရျပး၊ ေရာဂါ ကာကြယေရး၊ ေရာဂါ ရာေဖြေရးႏင ကသေရးတ႕အတြက လအပေသာ ေထာကပမႈ မားက အခနမ ေဆာငရြက ေပးလကရပါသည။ ၄ငးအျပင ေအာကေဖၚျပပါ လြယကရးရငးေသာ တပေကြး ေရာဂါႏင ဆငေသာ အေၾကာငးအရာမားကလညး မေဝ လပါသည။
ရာသတပေကြးႏင ပါတသကေသာ ေယဘယအခက အလကမား
● ရာသတပေကြးသည ဗငးရပေရာဂါပးေၾကာင ျဖစပြားျပး လအခငးခငး အလြယတက ကးစက ျပန႔ပြားသည။
● ရာသတပေကြး ဗငးရပပးသည တစကမၻာလးသ႔ ေရာက ရႏငျပး မညသညအသကအရြယ အပစတြငမဆ ျဖစပြား ႏငပါသည။
● ရာသတပေကြး ေရာဂါသည သမပငးရာသဥတ ရေသာ တငးျပညမားတြင ေဆာငးတြငးကာလတြငသာ ေရာဂါ ျပန႕ပြားေလရျပး၊ အပပငးေဒသ တငးျပညမားတြငမ တစႏစပါတလး ျဖစေလရသည။
● ရာသတပေကြးသည ျပငးထနေသာ ျပညသ႔ကနးမာေရး ျပနာတစရပျဖစျပး ေရာဂါျဖစလြယေသာ လမားတြင အျပငးအထန ေနမေကာငးျဖစျခငးႏင ေသဆးျခငးတ႔ ျဖစပြားေစႏငပါသည။
● ရာသတပေကြး ျဖစပြားမႈမားပါက ထတလပမႈ လပအား မားဆးရးျပး စးပြားကဆငးလာႏငသညအျပင ကနးမာ ေရးလပငနးမား အတြကလညး ဝနထတဝနပး ျဖစေစ ပါသည။
● ရာသတပေကြး ကာကြယေဆးသည ေရာဂါျဖစပြားမႈက ထေရာကစြာ ကာကြယႏငပါသည။
● ရာသတပေကြးေရာဂါ ကသရနအတြက ေဆးမား ရပါ သည။ သ႕ရာတြင ေဆးယဥပါးမႈ မားလညး ျဖစေပၚ လာႏငပါသည။
ရာသတပေကြး မပ႕ပြားေအာင ဘယလကာကြယၾကမလ
● ရာသတပေကြး ေရာဂါသည အမႈနအမႊား (Droplet) မတဆင ကးစကသည။ ေလထတြင ပ႔ႏ႔ ေနေသာ အရာ (airborne) မ ကးစကျခငး မဟတသညအျပင
အလြနျပငးထနေသာ ေရာဂါ (Highly Pathogenic)လညး မဟတပါ။
● ရာသတပေကြး ျဖစပြားေနသတစဥး ေခာငးဆးျခငး သ႔မဟတ ႏာေချခငး ျပလပလကေသာအခါ ထြကလာ ေသာ အမႈနအမႊား (Droplet) ႏငအတ ဗငးရပပးမား ေလထသ႔ ပ႕ႏ႔သြားျပး အျခားသ တစေယာကသ႔ လငျမနစြာ ကးစကသြား ႏငပါသည။
● ေရာဂါပး ကပျငေနေသာ လကမလညး ပပြား ႏငပါသည။ ● သ႔ပါ၍ မၾကာခဏ လကက ဆပျပာျဖင ေဆးျခငး၊
ေရာဂါပး ကပတြယ ေနႏငေသာ မကႏာျပငမားက သန႔ရငးေစျခငး တ႔သည ေရာဂါကာကြယျခငးတြင မားစြာ အေရးပါလသည။
● ႏာေခ၊ ေခာငးဆးလင မမႏာေခါငးႏင ပါးစပက တစရးစကျဖင ပတဆးပါ။ မရပါက မမလကတြင ဝတထားေသာ အကၤ စျဖင ပပါ အတငး ပတ၍ ဆးပါ။ ထ႔ေနာက မမလကက ေသခာစြာ ေဆးေၾကာပါ။
ရာသတပေကြး ကာကြယေဆး ထးႏျခငး
● ကာကြယေဆး ထးႏျခငးသည ရာသတပေကြး ျဖစပြား မႈႏင သ၏ေနာကဆကတြ ဆးကးမားက ထေရာကစြာ ကာကြယေပးႏငသည။
● တပေကြးေရာဂါ ေနာကဆကတြ ဆးကးမား သကေရာက လြယေသာ လမား၊ ၄ငးတ႔ႏင အတ ေနထင သမား၊ ၄ငးတ႔က ျပစေစာငေရာကသမား အတြက ကာကြယေဆး ထးျခငးသည လြနစြာ အေရးပါသည။
● ကမၻာကနးမာေရးအဖြ႔သည ရာသ တပေကြးေရာဂါ ကာကြယေဆး ထးႏျခငးက ေအာကပါ အတငး အၾကျပ ပါသည။
ဥးစားေပးရန ● ကယဝနေဆာငမခငမား
အျခား ဥးစားေပးရန ● ၆ လမ ၅ ႏစ အရြယထ ကေလးမား ● သကၾကးရြယအမား ● နာတာရညေရာဂါရသမား ● ကနးမာေရးဝနထမးမား
WHO Newsletter, August 2017: Special issue on Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 || Page 3
တပေကြး ကာကြယေဆး၏ ထေရာကမႈ
အစရငခစာမားအရ တပေကြး ကာကြယေဆးမား၏ ထေရာကမႈသည အေၾကာငးအရာေပၚ မတည၍ ကြျပား ျခားနားသည။ ဥပမာ- ကာကြယေဆးအတြက အသးျပေသာ ဗငးရပပး အမးအစားႏင လကရ ျဖစပြားေနေသာ တပေကြး ဗငးရပပး အမးအစားတ႔၏ အသြငအျပင တညမႈ (Match) အေပၚ မတည၍ ထေရာကမႈ ကြာျခား ႏငသည။ ၄ငးအျပင ေရာဂါ ျပငးထနမႈအေပၚ မတည၍ ကာကြယေဆး၏ ထေရာကမႈ ေျပာငးလႏငသည။
ရာသတပေကြးႏင ကပေရာဂါ တပေကြးတ႕ ဆကစပမႈ ရပါသလား ● လထအတြငး လညလညျပး ေရာဂါျဖစပြားေနေသာ
ဗငးရပပး၏ ဗဇအနညးငယ ေျပာငးလသြားေသာအခါ၊
လအမားတြင ေျပာငးလသြားေသာ ပးအတြက ခႏငမႈ မရ၍ ရာသတပေကြး ကယျပန႕စြာ ျဖစေပၚလာသည။
● တပေကြး ဗငးရပပးသစ တစမးေပၚထြနးလာျပး၊ ၄ငးက လအမားက ခခႏငစြမး မရေသးလင ကမၻာ ကပေရာဂါ ျဖစပြားသည။ ပးအမးအစားသစသည လအမားတြင ခႏငမႈ (immunity) မရေသး၍ လတစဥးမ တစဥးသ႔ ပမ လြယကစြာ ပ႕ႏ႔ေစႏငသည။
● ရာသတပေကြး ဗငးရပသည ကမၻာကပေရာဂါ ဗငးရပ ျဖစေပၚလာရန ေဆာငကဥးႏငသည။ ကမၻာ ကပေရာဂါ ျဖစလာချပးေသာ {ဥပမာ- ၂၀၀၉ ခႏစတြင ျဖစေသာ A (H1N1) ကသ႔} ၄ငးသည ရာသတပေကြး ဗငးရပ ျဖစသြားသည။
World Health Organization - MyanmarTel: (95-1) 534300/307, 538620 - 621, 538474 - 476 GPN Ext. 24200
Fax: (95-1) 538233, 538435 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.searo.who.int/myanmar
