Spatial Distribution of Copper and Iron in Cardiac Tissue
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Transcript of Spatial Distribution of Copper and Iron in Cardiac Tissue
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Spatial Distribution
of Copper and Iron in
Cardiac Tissue
Grant Allen
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Seminar Outline
Electron Probe Microanalysis
Nuclear Microscopy
Acknowledgements
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
Conclusion
Introduction
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Introduction
Investigate the spatial distribution of Cu and Fe in cardiac tissue
Analytical techniques:
Cardiac tissue that exhibits marked histological damage may
possess elevated levels of Cu and Fe
Electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPMA)
Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)
Nuclear microscopy (NM)
Correlate topographical features with chemical composition
UHV techniques influence method of sample preparation
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Electron Probe Microanalysis
Image courtesy of the Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility at the Department of Materials Engineering – Monash University
Detection limit in the region of 100 ppm
Primary ion beam: 5-20 kV electrons
Lateral resolution of 1 µm
Quantitative
Cryochamber
Specimen maintained at 80 K
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Electron Probe Microanalysis
Energy /keV
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Nuclear Microscopy
Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy (RBS) - normalisation
Scanning Transmission Ion Microscopy (STIM) - structural information
Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) - elemental analysis
Secondary electrons – complementary topographical information
Incident beam: 1.0-3.0 MeV H+ or He+
Lateral resolution of between 0.1 and 10 µm
Detection limit: ppb to ppm
Quantitative
UHV chamber
Specimen section freeze dried
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Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
Image courtesy of the Bristol University CVD Diamond Group
Detection limit: ppb to ppm
Primary ion beam: 1-30 KeV 133Cs+
Non-quantitative analysis of biological specimens
Lateral resolution of 1 µm is possible
UHV chamber
Specimen section freeze dried
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Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
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Conclusion
Nuclear microscopy: provided the specimen is prepared in an
appropriate manner, determination of the spatial distribution of
metals in biological tissue is possible
Secondary ion mass spectrometry: non-quantitative
Electron probe x-ray microanalysis: insufficient sensitivity
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Prof. Garth Cooper (Protemix)
Acknowledgements
Dr Anthony Phillips (Protemix)
Catherine Hobbis (School of Engineering - EPMA)
Dr Marcus Gustafsson (Department of Chemistry - SIMS)
Dr V. John Kennedy (Institute of Geological and Nuclear
Sciences - NM)
Dr Ritchie Sims (Department of Geology - EPMA)