Spatial consequences Spatial consequences

of tourism developmentof tourism development

A private sector A private sector perspectiveperspective

BUUUUU!BUUUUU!

Sustainable Sustainable markets.......markets.......

may put sustainable may put sustainable dollars into good usedollars into good use

Do you beleive natural Do you beleive natural and cultural heritage and cultural heritage

conservation will continue conservation will continue to be tax based?to be tax based?

And will it be sustainable?And will it be sustainable?

Jan Wigsten Jan Wigsten Gotland & MongoliaGotland & Mongolia

Summer: Summer: www.nomadicjourneys.comwww.nomadicjourneys.com Winter: International Ecotourism Winter: International Ecotourism

consultancies: Zoning; Management Plans consultancies: Zoning; Management Plans and visit sites. Providing microenterprises and visit sites. Providing microenterprises with business links and global outreach.with business links and global outreach.

Practical Solutions for tomorrow.Practical Solutions for tomorrow. www.ecotourism.orgwww.ecotourism.org TIES & SEF & TIES & SEF &

www.naturesbest.nuwww.naturesbest.nu

Nomadic Journeys Ltd, MongoliaNomadic Journeys Ltd, Mongolia

More than 1500 guest’s.More than 1500 guest’s. Inbound tour operator with local and global Inbound tour operator with local and global

partnerspartners Extremely seasonalExtremely seasonal Country is size of Germany, UK, France and Italy Country is size of Germany, UK, France and Italy

combined. 900km of surfaced roads.combined. 900km of surfaced roads. Works mostly with the Appropriate Technology of Works mostly with the Appropriate Technology of

nomadic support systems.nomadic support systems. Global outreachGlobal outreach Cheapest product USD 195 4d/3nCheapest product USD 195 4d/3n Most expensive USD 9650 18d/17nMost expensive USD 9650 18d/17n

Connecting Connecting microenterprises to global microenterprises to global

marketsmarkets

Contracting with Contracting with customers across borderscustomers across borders

Reversed modes of Reversed modes of production production

We move consumption We move consumption between places. between places.

Dual business environment Dual business environment Dual business environment Dual business environment Outdoors:Outdoors: Nature, culture, markets. Nature, culture, markets.

Shared responsablity. Agree with competitors, Shared responsablity. Agree with competitors, local people and visitors on common use. local people and visitors on common use. Ownership is low and price for use is low or Ownership is low and price for use is low or free. free.

Indoors: Indoors: Buses, restaurants, hotels, golf Buses, restaurants, hotels, golf courses, trains, airplanes. There is a well-courses, trains, airplanes. There is a well-defined price for use and ownership is clear. defined price for use and ownership is clear. Each enterprise is owner and each decide on Each enterprise is owner and each decide on their own their strategy. their own their strategy.

Customers buy and pay for both.Customers buy and pay for both.

How to accommodate How to accommodate growth?growth?

And strike the balance of And strike the balance of Profitability and Profitability and Sustainability?Sustainability?

What are the What are the consequences of growth?consequences of growth?

Is there any difference Is there any difference between Maximization or between Maximization or

Optimization? Optimization?

What is Mass Tourism?What is Mass Tourism?

Profitless VolumeProfitless Volume

The law of diminishing returnsThe law of diminishing returns

DiversityDiversity

Commercial diversityCommercial diversity

What is a Core What is a Core Experience?Experience?

It’s the key decision that It’s the key decision that decides why I travel to decides why I travel to

somewheresomewhere

Then you add value to this core Then you add value to this core product by adding single service product by adding single service

items such as transport, items such as transport, accommodation and provisions. accommodation and provisions.

We are a Assembly We are a Assembly Industry that share a Industry that share a

locationlocationWhich creates logistics, and puts Which creates logistics, and puts together bits and pieces into a together bits and pieces into a

complete Travel Solution revolving complete Travel Solution revolving around a core experience. around a core experience.

What is cooperation?What is cooperation?

Visit sites and intensive use zones Visit sites and intensive use zones

The visit sites are ”the honey pots”.The visit sites are ”the honey pots”. These may be of low impact use and These may be of low impact use and

intensive use.intensive use. The integrity of visitor experience The integrity of visitor experience

must be maintained.must be maintained. Appealing to different types of Appealing to different types of

market segments market segments

The law of Public Access is not a de jure The law of Public Access is not a de jure law. It is not enforcable.law. It is not enforcable.

A zonation with protected areas status and A zonation with protected areas status and a management plan would replace the a management plan would replace the Law of Public Access. Law of Public Access.

Many visit zones need an enhanced level Many visit zones need an enhanced level conservation status, and a management conservation status, and a management plan. plan.

Management Plan / Co-management / Management Plan / Co-management / Enforcement. Enforcement.

Visit sites, the law of Public Access Visit sites, the law of Public Access and tourismand tourism

Strategical partners in the use of Strategical partners in the use of visit sites are cross sectoralvisit sites are cross sectoral

Protected areas such as national Protected areas such as national parks, nature reserves, cultural parks, nature reserves, cultural heritage.heritage.

Private owned with Public AccessPrivate owned with Public Access NGO driven managementNGO driven management

Definition of RolesDefinition of RolesDefinition of RolesDefinition of Roles

Who will do what?Who will do what? In what order?In what order? On whose mandate?On whose mandate? With what money?With what money? Timeline?Timeline?

Shared responsability is no Shared responsability is no responsabilityresponsability

Visit sites need to be properly Visit sites need to be properly integrated into Management Plans integrated into Management Plans for entrepreneurial use.for entrepreneurial use.

Protected area managers should Protected area managers should perhaps be more business oriented perhaps be more business oriented and sell ecosystem or cultural and sell ecosystem or cultural services to the private sector. services to the private sector.

Cooperation between enterprises is Cooperation between enterprises is

vital coordination of tour products. vital coordination of tour products. Fast and reachable it creates the required Fast and reachable it creates the required

dynamics for the development of dynamics for the development of commercial diversity. commercial diversity.

The strategic pricing is a pre requisite for The strategic pricing is a pre requisite for for this to work seamlessly. for this to work seamlessly.

Managers of natural and cultural PA:s may Managers of natural and cultural PA:s may join by selling cultural and ecosystem join by selling cultural and ecosystem services to the private sector.services to the private sector.

E.g. A privileged use of a visit place. E.g. A privileged use of a visit place.

Cross Sectoral partnershipsCross Sectoral partnerships

Act as facilitators by developing clear Act as facilitators by developing clear business environment for the use of business environment for the use of cultural and resources. cultural and resources.

Co-management of visit places and Co-management of visit places and the conservation of their integrity.the conservation of their integrity.

Managers can parcel out the Managers can parcel out the privileged use of visit zones through privileged use of visit zones through concessions. concessions.

Definition of RolesDefinition of Roles Shared responsability is no responsability.Shared responsability is no responsability. Product ownership defines responsabilities within the Product ownership defines responsabilities within the

supply chain. supply chain. Single service productsSingle service products Multiple service products (so called tour packages).Multiple service products (so called tour packages). Distributors. Active in the supply charins.Distributors. Active in the supply charins. Clarity of product ownership throughout the supply chain. Clarity of product ownership throughout the supply chain. Private sector cooperate by linking their different products Private sector cooperate by linking their different products

(services) into a Travel Solution for a customer. (services) into a Travel Solution for a customer. Nature’s Best is a development toolbox how to work with Nature’s Best is a development toolbox how to work with

Ecotourism principles within each enterprise.Ecotourism principles within each enterprise. Public-private partnerships cooperation deals with Public-private partnerships cooperation deals with

destination management. Primarily for destination destination management. Primarily for destination marketing. I propose also for the co-management of visit marketing. I propose also for the co-management of visit sites (”honey pots”).sites (”honey pots”).

We work with We work with sustainable dollarssustainable dollars

They are also Green!They are also Green!

Thanx!Thanx!