SpaceUp Stuttgart 2012 - Ruediger Jehn Mercury is challenging us
spaceup stuttgart 2012 20min talk graeme taylor paul nizenkov oasis next
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Transcript of spaceup stuttgart 2012 20min talk graeme taylor paul nizenkov oasis next
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 1
Establishment of a Establishment of a Spaceport Network Spaceport Network ArchitectureArchitecture
SpaceUp StuttgartOctober 27, 2012
Graeme Taylor
International Space UniversityUniversity of StuttgartPaul Nizenkov
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 2
An International Space University Space Studies Program 2012 Team Project Florida Institute of Technology NASA Kennedy Space Centre
The ProjectThe Project
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 3
Team MembersTeam Members
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 5
The classic problem – access to space is expensive!
The ISECG Global Exploration Roadmap – to Mars! (via Moon or Asteroid first) All situation require large mass to
various locations in space
Less expensive access to space will open up new markets
The Problem and ContextThe Problem and Context
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 6
Operations And Service Infrastructure for Space
‘Servicing you on your way to the stars’
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 7
The OASIS ProjectThe OASIS Project
Operations and Service Infrastructure for Space
Identify spaceport functions, capabilities and services
Assess existing capabilities of terrestrial spaceports
Assess market opportunities, service availability, market risk and possible business cases
Select appropriate spaceport nodes and services that meet governmental space exploration and commercial development needs, while being commercially sustainable
Proposal of a phased roadmap for development of the spaceport network architecture
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 8
Network ArchitectureNetwork Architecture
2015-2025
2025-2045
2045-
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 9
Network Metro Map AnalogyNetwork Metro Map Analogy
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 10
Key elements Tug Servicer Orbital Platform Water Tanks
Modular and extensible
Orbit: [email protected]°
Node 1 – LEONode 1 – LEO
Orbital Platform major components Power (kW)
Mass (kg)
Tank, thermal protection and debris shielding
0 1500
AOCS -0.2 200 Electrolyzer, radiator and cryocooler -200 6300 Thin film amorphous silicon photovoltaic arrays
+206 550
Communication systems and antennas -0.3 30 Robotic arm for the solar panels 0.4 300 Total +5.5 8580
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 11
Node 1 – LEONode 1 – LEO
Water Tank
PropellantGeneration
DockingAdapter
Tug
Solarpanels
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 12
Node 1 – Tug ServicerNode 1 – Tug Servicer
Tug ServicerMajor Components
Mass
[kg]Engine, 110kN thrust (Pratt and Whitney Rocketdyne)
400
Structure, thermal and aerobraking drag device
600
Tanks with passive cooling 1600
Robotic arms 200Fuel cells, 4kW 20Communication systems and antennas
30
Attitude and orbital control 50Total dry mass 290
0
Capable of tugging 9 tons into GEO from LEO Reusable with deployable aerobraking device Tele-operated from Earth
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 13
Node 1 Node 1 –– Concept of Operations Concept of Operations
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 14
Key elements Reusable Moon Shuttle Regolith
Excavator(s)/Hauler(s) Launch/Landing Pad Regolith Processing Water Generation (150t/y) Storage
(Propellant/Water)
Miniaturized robotics paving the way for future human presence
Node 2 – Moon SurfaceNode 2 – Moon Surface
Total Mass [kg] 26,500Initial Investment Range [$M]
4,500 - 9,100
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 15
Easy access due to low gravity field Facilitating access to Mars surface
Use of Spaceport Node 2 technology Possible use of Phobos regolith for construction
Potential water resources Mars crossing asteroids Asteroid belt
Extension of the Network intoinner Solar System Enabling missions beyond
Node 3 – PhobosNode 3 – Phobos
Credit: NASA/JPL/Malin Space Science Systems
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 16
Need for a sustainable business case for all phases of the of the network architecture:
Node 1: Tug Services for commercial satellite sector as well possible refueling of exploration missions
Node 2: Supply of ISRU derived propellant to cis-lunar and earth orbit market
Node 3: Similar to Node 2, but in the vicinity of Mars
*(For the numbers of the closed business case see the IAC Paper or Full Report)
Business CaseBusiness Case
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 17
Node 1 – Value PropositionNode 1 – Value Proposition
Place GEO spacecraft in operation orbit for less by: Always sending maximum mass (9 tons) to LEO
Prices per kg get lower If payload <9t, water launched to refill spaceport
Use of small size launch vehicles to enter GEO market
Opportunity for heavy launchers to send higher mass to the Moon, Mars and beyond
Other tug based services (Space Debris removal etc)
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 18
Lunar ISRU derived propellant and consumables less expensive than Earth supplied ones to: Cis-lunar markets Earth orbit markets Beyond
Regolith derived resources supplied throughout the spaceport network
Node 2 – Value PropositionNode 2 – Value Proposition
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 19
Legal FrameworkLegal Framework
ISECGMember States
International Spaceports Authority
(ISPA)
ISPA TreatyMemorandum of
Understanding(MoU) Members
States
Call for p
roposal
Privates companie
s
The Spaceports Company
(SPC)Private Investment
Operate
Publ
ic
Inve
stm
ent
Regulate
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 20
ConclusionConclusion
Defined a spaceport network with 3 nodes LEO Moon Martian moon Phobos
Game changing solution with profitable services Lowering overall cost of access to space Boosting commercial space market
Flexible network architecture able to adapt to different exploration destinations
More info on: www.oasisnext.com
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 21
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgementsTeam Project FacultyOASIS Team Project Chair OASIS Team Project Co-ChairOASIS Team Project Co-ChairOASIS Team Project Teaching
Associate
Wiley Larson, Stevens Institute of
TechnologyTracy Gill, NASA (KSC)
Rob Mueller, NASA (KSC) Jeffrey Brink, NASA (KSC)
Mike Vinje, NASA (KSC)Scott D. Vangen, NASA (KSC)Jack Fox, NASA (KSC)Raymond M. Wheeler, NASA (KSC)Carolyn Mizell, NASA (KSC)Andy Aldrin, United Launch AllianceEric Perritt, NASA (KSC)Chuck Tatro, NASA (KSC)Michelle Murray, FAACarol Carnett, ISU StaffCarol Larson, ISU Staff
Noel Siemon, ISU StaffRob Kelso, NASA (JSC)
G. Wayne Finger, Reynolds, Smith & Hills
Philip Metzger, NASA (KSC)John Connolly, NASA (JSC)
Dan Britt, University of Central Florida
Mike Conroy, NASA (KSC)Bec Mazzone, NASA (KSC)
Bill Larson, NASA (KSC)Stacey Solomone, ISU Staff
James Burke, ISU AlumniMike Renoe, FITKirby Moughan, FIT
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 22
Questions?
www.oasisnext.com
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 23
RANDOM SLIDES!RANDOM SLIDES!
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 24
Business ExampleBusiness Example
If we consider Falcon 9:
Commercial price: 54 Million USDMaximum mass to GTO: 4.85 Tons
Case 1 Case 2
4.85 4.0Mass sent to GTO (Tons)Cost per kg ($/kg)
11,134 13,500
21% increase in cost!
Our solution is cheaper as we always use the maximum payload mass
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 25
PricePrice
Fuel: tug+ payload LEO to GTO: 8,730 kg Water: LEO to GTO: 11,174kg
Earth to GTO = $71.8M for 9t payload (payload: $4000 / kg & water: $3200 / kg )
+ 10% operating cost + 20% profit margin = $98.7M
$10,963/kg for 9t < $11,134 /kg for 4.85t on
Falcon 9
SpaceUp Stuttgart, 27 October, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Slide 26
CostsCosts
Node 1 $300M - $1B 5 year development period
Node 2 $4.5B - $9.1B 10 year development period
If 10 countries commit: Node 1 $6M-20M/Year/Country for 5
years Node 2 $45M-100M/Year/Country for 10
years