Space Situational Awareness Forum - INTELSAT Presentation
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Transcript of Space Situational Awareness Forum - INTELSAT Presentation
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SPACE DATA ASSOCIATION CONJUNCTION ANALYSIS OPERATIONS
JOE CHAN
Space Situation Awareness 2015, 12 – 13 May 2015
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Space Data Association (SDA)
The SDA’s charter is to seek and facilitate improvements in the safety and integrity of satellite operations through wider and improved coordination among satellite operators and to facilitate improved management of the shared resources of the space environment and the RF spectrum.
The SDA was formed in 2009 by Inmarsat, Intelsat and SES to share data. In April 2010, Analytical Graphics, Inc. (AGI) won the contract to design and operate the Space Data Center, SDA’s automated space situational awareness system designed to reduce the risks of on-orbit collisions and radio frequency interference. Initial Space Data Center operations began in July, and full capabilities were online April 2011.
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SDA ParticipantsMulti-national, open to all space operators, in all orbital regimes
The Space Data Association (SDA) is a not-for-profit association formed by satellite operators to provide reliable and efficient data-sharing critical to the long-term safety, viability and integrity of both space and RF environments.
Data Contributors
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SDA Overview
The Space Data Association (SDA) is a formal, non-profit association of civil, commercial and military spacecraft operators that supports the controlled, reliable and efficient sharing of data that is critical to the safety and integrity of satellite operations. The SDA offers: An association that directly supports operations; founded by
satellite operators An operational data exchange to help ensure the safety of
operations Technical support to help secure the integrity of operations Shared costs that optimize your participation and reduce individual
costs
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SDA Objectives
Enhance “Safety of flight”– Maintain the long-term viability of satellites and their orbit regimes
To improve the accuracy of collision avoidance predictions– Expand satellite operator participation– Adopt best practices across industry– Provide necessary framework for full operations (legal, technical)– Address ops. issues with current cross-industry conjunction coord.
Reduce false alarms, missed events Minimize member time and resources devoted to CA
To take advantage of opportunities for other data sharing– RFI mitigation, including data for RFI geolocation– Company contacts– General operations data sharing
Conclusion: SDA Enhances Satellite Operations
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Space Data Center (SDC) SDC is the processing center of the SDA Three Key Mission Areas:
– Collision avoidance monitoring (Conjunction Assessment)/ Maneuver Planning Validation / Flight Safety
– Radio Frequency Interference mitigation / Geolocation support– Contact information (operations center) for participating
satellites
Reliable and secure operation:– Geographically-separated redundancy– High-level data security and encryption– Best practice Information Assurance (IA) based on standards
for high level computing systems
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SDC Operation Statistics (past 8 months)
Ephemeris files uploaded by members:– 180,005 operational ephemerides (with 28 frame converters)– 49 maneuver ephemerides for purpose of close approach
avoidance planning
CA runs executed: 3,452 CA satellite pairs processed: 11,628,521,266
– Conjunction detected: 4,166,725– TLEs in database: 2,300,497
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SDC Recent Achievements Developed, tested & deployed Amazon SDC in 8 months
– Transitioned from Rackspace to Amazon Web Services (AWS)– Transitioned SDC DB from MS SQL Server to Oracle (AWS RDS)– Conducted shadow mode operations
New SDC self-signed certs for improved ops & reduced cost New Sophos Unified Threat Mgr (UTM) for all SDC transactions Upgraded SDC Plugin for new Conjunction Data Message (CDM) Drafted Orbit Hybrid Message under ISO/CCSDS auspices Carrier ID Database and RFI Precomputed Sol’n Set prototypes On-going SDC operations:
– Four new operators w/ new ephemeris converters etc.– CDM & TLE comparisons, ephem. quality monitoring, OD verifications– JSpOC dialogue for CDM & TLE comparisons, cross-tags & issues– Coordinating SSA Data Sharing w/USSTRATCOM & JSpOC– Space debris mitigation & research (Iridium 47,91 & DMSP, spatial dens)
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Current State of Conjunction Monitoring Space Data Association (SDA)
– Participant orbit ephemeris including maneuver effects– TLE to supplement drifters and non-cooperated satellites– Conjunction alerts currently based on miss-distances only– Single Tier system for conjunctions between participating
satellites Effectiveness depends on the participant size
– Two Tier system for conjunctions involving debris, non-cooperative active satellites and drifters Drifters and non-active space objects are limited to TLE
– Close approach validation via JSpOC Form-1 process
SDA is working to close the gap of requiring Two Tier system for conjunction monitoring
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“Tiered” SSA Screening Approaches
Two-Tier: pre-screen w/low-fidelity data to find potential threats for Tier 2 refinement– Increases operator’s analyst & mgmt. requirements and delay
actions– Increased risk: lower-fidelity data ▬► missed conjunctions
Single-Tier uses most current, authoritative and actionable data in initial analysis– Increases tracking and data exchange requirements– Reduces operator’s analyst & mgmt. requirements– For given ensemble of data, no further analysis req’d– Resources permitting, best for decision-makers (actionable
alarms)
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SDA Government Activities
Signed groundbreaking SSA data sharing agreement with U.S. Government– USG signed 1st agreement with non-satellite operator– Allows SDA close collaboration with USG to, e.g. exchange
higher quality data than publicly available
Orbital Data Request (ODR) being processed– SDA / USG: Sharing of the best available SP ephemeris for
debris, non-cooperative active satellites and drifters– Objective: Optimal data shared – Combine aspects of JSpOC
catalog plus satellite operator and maneuver data (SDC)– Exploring best technical means to exchange data between
JSpOC and SDC for flight safety– Expecting data flow to begin early May
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SDA: Current Services
Conjunction Assessment (CA) to analyze and warn of close approaches between a member’s satellite and other space objects– On-station, LEOP and Satellite Relocation
Neighborhood watch program to monitor collocating satellites with different members and within the same operator
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SDA: Current Services
Sanity sensor calibration by comparing Owners Operator (O/O) ephemeris with the Two-Line-Elements (TLE)
SatA Longitude
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SDA: Current Services
Independent orbit determination verifications Offered as part of SDA’s quality assurance focus Initial and annual independent OD verifications Ensures SDC properly converts O/O ephem Identifies sensor, processing & OD issues
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SDA Current Services
Cross-Tag detection and provide alerts to JSpOC
Recently provided to JSpOC and was corrected
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SDA Complementary Services
Plug-in to interface with Conjunction Summary Message (CSM) for operators to provide added value conjunction assessments
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SDA Ongoing Development
Deal with the growing problem of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) – RFI Alerts to focused distribution– RFI historical event search: data support– Generation of geolocation data sets from high quality
ephemeris– Library of Reference Emitters– Carrier ID database
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SDA – Enhancing Member’s Operations Increase safety of flight – functions already operational
– Automatic Conjunction Assessment (CA), using operator’s ephemeris– Reduce false alarms, missed events– Minimize time and resources devoted to CA– Include planned maneuvers (unique capability)
Deal with the growing problem of RFI – ongoing development– RFI Alerts to focused distribution– RFI historical event search: data support– Generation of geolocation data sets from high quality ephemeris– Library of Reference Emitters– Carrier ID database
Reliable contacts for satellite operators – functions operational
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SDA: A Trusted Platform
Over the last 5 years, SDA has built and demonstrated a trusted platform for the secure exchange of satellite operational data
Technical infrastructure of the SDC: security, data access, etc. Legal structure and agreements that provide protections and
enforcement mechanisms to ensure that data is only used for intended purposes
Reliabilities and geographical redundancies to ensure 24x7 uninterrupted operations and member technical supports
Collaborative and continuous development improving techniques and algorithm to refine close approach detections and actions
Growing in capabilities, membership and partners
These are UNIQUE CAPABILITIES
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SDA Operators Vision for CA
Civil Sat Operator
Others
Military Sat Operator
Commercial Sat Operator
Civil Commercial
SDA
Data conversions and reformatting *Data FusionSingle Tier CA monitoring
* Functions include:Data quality control, close approach monitoring and reporting
3rd Party High Quality Data
Civil Sat Operator
Commercial Sat Operator
Routine data contribution and
information sharing
Military
Routine data contribution and
information sharing
Routine data contribution and
information sharing
Routine data contribution
and information
sharingMilitary Sat Operator
Routine data contribution
and information
sharing
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Conclusions
SDA formed to improve space operations– Focused on the present but with an eye to the future
SDA’s combination of a trusted legal framework and a trusted Space Data Center is unique in highly-competitive space arena
SDA leveraging its experience and capabilities to engage and promote best practices for safety of flight
SDA now adding extensive RFI analysis capabilities