SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center...

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SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland

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Transcript of SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center...

Page 1: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

SPACE FORENSICS:Death of a Star

Sara MitchellJim Lochner

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland

Page 2: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Page 3: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

What’s a supernova?

Page 4: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Can you spot the supernova?

Page 5: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Supernova Timeline

• Earliest recorded supernova — 185 A.D. in China

• Famous historic supernovae in 1006, 1572, and 1604 A.D.

• First telescope built in 1608 by Hans Lippershey

• Multiwavelength observations of supernova remnants began in 1937

Page 6: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Beginning the Investigation

What do we want to know ?

Page 7: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Case File: Cassiopeia A

•Host Galaxy: Milky Way•Constellation: Cassiopeia•Galactic Coordinates: G111.7-2.1

•Distance: ~10,000 light years

•Discovery: 1947

Interesting facts:•Discovered by radio observation

•Strongest radio source in the sky beyond our solar system

Image: Chandra X-Ray Observatory August 19, 1999

Page 8: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Crime Scene Photographs

VisibleX-Ray RadioInfrared

Hot gas

(50 million degrees)

Clumps of matter

(10,000 degrees)

Dust grains

(several hundred degrees)

Spiraling high energy

electrons

Page 9: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Why Multiwavelength?

Page 10: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Supernova “DNA”

Page 11: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

“Signature” Spectroscopy

Page 12: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Looking for Signatures

All X-RayEnergies

Calcium

Silicon

Iron

Page 13: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Case Closed?

•Have we answered all of our questions?

•Have we found new questions?•Where else can we find

answers?•What could we learn from

seeing a “live” supernova?

Page 14: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Is Cas A a “cold case”?

Image: SN2005cs© 2005-2007 by R. Jay GaBanyhttp://www.cosmotography.com

Page 15: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Is Cas A a “cold case”?

Image: SN2005apSloan Digital Sky Survey

Page 16: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Larger Body of Evidence

Crab Nebula(from SN 1054)

Tycho’s SN(SN 1572)

Kepler’s SN(SN 1604)

SN 1987A

Page 17: SPACE FORENSICS: Death of a Star Sara Mitchell Jim Lochner NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland.

Space Forensics: The Big Picture


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