Space Exploration Tools
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Transcript of Space Exploration Tools
Space Exploration Tools•Rockets
•Space Shuttle•Artificial Satellites•Space Probes•International Space Station•Telescopes
THE SPACE RACE IS ON!
Rocket• A vehicle or device that
contains all the substances needed to burn fuel and uses escaping gas from the burning of fuel to move
• YOU do not RIDE in a rocket, a rocket is the fuel source that lifts the space craft.
• Used to launch the space shuttle.
• Robert Goddard— “Father of Modern Rocketry”
http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/history/apollo/apollo-11/images/69HC761.GIF
Rockets
Space Probe• A vehicle that carries scientific
instruments to planets or other bodies in space.
• They take pictures, temperature readings, and chemical readings of the atmosphere.
• Clementine (1994)-discovered evidence of water on moon
• Magellan (1989)—mapped 98% of Venus’ surface.
• The probes move around on the surface of any celestial body.
• Mars Rover is an example of a probe you hear about sometimes on the news.
http://www.scienceclarified.com/images/uesc_09_img0536.jpg
Space Probes
LUNA 9(USSR)
CLEMENTINE (US)
VENERA 9 (USSR)
MAGELLAN (US)
VIKING 2 (US)
MARS PATHFINDER
(US)Sojourner
Artificial Satellites
Any human-made object
placed in orbit around
a body in space
What are some other uses for Artificial Satellites?
• Weather satellites• TV satellites• Telephone satellites• Military satellites
Space Shuttle
A reusable vehicle that takes off like a rocket and lands like an
airplane
Space Shuttle• Used to carry astronauts
to repair satellites and construct the ISS.
• The first shuttle launched April 12, 1981.
• Final shuttle mission was March 9, 2011.
• The external fuel tank is not reused after flight, but is recycled.
• The solid rocket boosters break away and land safely in the ocean by way of parachute.
http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-live/photos/000/012/cache/space-shuttle-atlantis_1223_600x450.jpg
Telescopes• A telescope is an instrument that aids in the observation
of distant objects. • The first known telescopes were invented in the early
1600’s in the Netherlands.• There are two different types of telescopes:
– Reflecting: using mirrors; used in the Hubble telescope. This is the type used most widely today.
– Refracting: using glass lenses; used terrestrially and in astronomy.
• Telescopes need to be placed on hills and away from major cities due to light pollution.
A variety of telescopes
Reflecting Telescope: Mount Wilson Observatory
Refracting telescope: Nice Observatory
Hubble Telescope departing space shuttle Atlantis.
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
A long-term orbiting vehicle that allows astronauts to live and work in
space
International Space Station (ISS)
• Built in 1993• Research laboratory in space
to conduct experiments.• Used for microgravity
experiments and other research in space.
• Since the shuttle program was discontinued by NASA, American astronauts have to ride up with cosmonauts from other countries.
• There are currently astronauts in the space station.
• They tend to have missions that last about 6 months.
http://us.st11.yimg.com/us.st.yimg.com/I/spacestore_1985_26308770