Space and MDA research in the context of EU policies. Harm Greidanus.pdf · 9.03.2017 · Joint...

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Space and MDA research

in the context of EU policies

Harm Greidanus

2 SSA+MDA Symposium, 3 Mar 2017, Tokyo

Joint Research Centre (JRC)

• Science and knowledge service of the European Commission

• Support EU policies with independent evidence throughout the whole policy cycle

• Agriculture and food security • Economic and Monetary Union • Energy and transport • Environment and climate change • Health and consumer protection • Information Society • Innovation and growth • Nuclear safety and security • Safety and Security • Standards


Contents

• European policies context • Copernicus program • MDA research at JRC

• Ship reporting data • Satellite radar images

• GNSS and Space weather research at JRC • Conclusions


Some recent EU policies … … relevant to Space / Maritime / Security

13.09.2012 Blue Growth: Opportunities for Marine and Maritime Sustainable Growth

22.10.2013 European Border Surveillance System (Eurosur) 11.12.2013 European Satellite Navigation Systems (Galileo, EGNOS) 3.4.2014 Copernicus Program (Earth observation) 24.6.2014 European Union Maritime Security Strategy 28.4.2015 The European Agenda on Security 27.4.2016 An Integrated European Union Policy for the Arctic 6.2016 A Global Strategy for the EU’s Foreign & Security Policy 14.9.2016 European Border and Coast Guard 14.9.2016 Amending European Maritime Safety Agency 26.10.2016 Space Strategy for Europe 10.11.2016 International Ocean Governance 30.11.2016 European Defence Action Plan


Copernicus

• EU’s program for Earth observation • Satellite-based + in-situ data

1. Satellite images - free and open

2. Services (derived info) - for authorised users

• Land • Atmosphere • Marine environment • Climate change monitoring • Emergency Management • Security applications:

• Border surveillance • Maritime surveillance • Support to EU external action

Satellites: - Sentinel-1 radar images - Sentinel-2 optical images - Sentinel-3 … -6 low resolution


Copernicus Security Service – Maritime Surveillance • Implemented by European Maritime

Safety Agency (EMSA) • Integration of satellite observations with

ship reporting data (AIS, LRIT, VMS) • Services / users:

• Maritime borders • Fisheries control • Law enforcement • Marine pollution (coming: Arctic) • coming: Maritime safety • future: Defence

• JRC role: • Technical & operational performance,

user uptake, validation, evolution, R&D


• Entrusted entity: FRONTEX (European Border & Coast Guard Agency)

• JRC role: similar as previous

Coastal monitoring

Pre-frontier Reference mapping

Anomaly detection

Area surveillance

Vessel detection Vessel

tracking

Copernicus Security Service – Border Surveillance


JRC research on MDA

Purpose: • Test & demonstrate what is possible

with today’s technologies • Point to gaps with EU-level relevance • Be able to provide policy makers

with technical knowledge

MDA topics: • Analysis of ship reporting data • Analysis of satellite radar images • Maritime data fusion • Also: atmospheric pollution by ships, maritime spatial

planning, fisheries control, …

Currently: More focus on Knowledge Management


Anomaly detection - example

Historic merchant ship density (normal ship routes)

Track of one ship

Anomaly: - Not on main route - Reversed course


Anomaly detection

Maritime Knowledge Discovery and Anomaly Detection Workshop JRC Ispra, 5-6 July 2016 22 papers from - Operational users - Companies - R&D and Academia Michele Vespe, Fabio Mazzarella (eds.) ISBN 978-92-79-61301-2 doi: 10.2788/025881


PMAR project

Piracy, Maritime Awareness & Risks

Why? • Maritime awareness for African authorities • Piracy

• Plus: Illegal fishing, smuggling, trafficking, environmental protection, maritime safety

How? • Ship reporting systems (AIS, LRIT) • Satellite radar images

What? • Real-time ship traffic picture • Ship traffic density patterns


From the Ship reporting systems (AIS, LRIT; cooperative)

Fishing ships on 27 March 2015

Ship density in Jan 2015

Real-time: Ships on 6 May 2016 09:16 coloured by type


From Satellite images (non-cooperative)

Sat/mode Resol- Non-re- ution porting A-2 WBD 90m 13 % RS2 DVWF 70m 33 % RS2 SNB 50m 12 % CSK WR 30m 15 % S-1 IW 20m 68 % TSX SC 20m 56 % A-2 FBD 10m 31 % RS2 F0W2 10m 0 % A-2 HBQ 5m 14 % Overall 29 %

Correlated SAR-AIS

Uncorrelated SAR “= Non-reporting ship”

ALOS-2 PALSAR

DRDC

Together with German Aerospace Centre DLR and Defence R&D Canada


Sentinel-1 observation plan

https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/missions/sentinel-1/observation-scenario


Bulk Sentinel-1 ship detection

All Sentinel-1A images • Mediterranean Sea • IW mode (250 km swath, 20 m resolution) • 3 Oct 2014 – 30 Sep 2016 (2 years)

11,600 images

220 images

30 images


Lampedusa

Malta

Sicilia

Linosa

Ships

Wind front high low

Sentinel-1 image, 250 km wide, 30 Jan 2017, 17:03:45 UT, VV polarisation, © Copernicus 2017


Bulk Sentinel-1 ship detection

On 11,600 images (20 Terabyte): • Ship detection with SUMO

• JRC’s ship detector – “Search for Unidentified Maritime Objects”

• Fully automatic • 608,000 ship detections • Processing on 480-core Linux cluster: 78 min

(0.5 sec / image) • Compare with ship reporting data (AIS) • Make ship density maps


Excluding recurrent detections 2 years, 11,500 images

Note: All images acquired around 6 AM or 6 PM ! (Due to satellite orbit) … but ALOS-2-Palsar images are around 11 AM

Ship density maps


JRC’s support to EU GNSS • Working with:

• Policy makers in European Commission • European GNSS Agency

• Activities include: • Technical/scientific support to the EU GNSS Programs • Support review and monitoring of EU-funded industrial R&D • Facilitation of and testing/demonstration activities in JRC’s

GNSS laboratory • Support market uptake of Galileo, assessing readiness of

commercial receivers (e.g., 1st Galileo-enabled smartphone, eCALL automotive modules)

• Support implementation of Commission’s Space Strategy (e.g., establishment of 1st EU Radio Navigation Plan)


JRC’s testing facilities


Space Weather and Ionospheric Monitoring

• Assess impact of ionospheric disturbances on performance of GNSS receivers • Collect reference data sets in the Equatorial and Polar regions and make

them publicly available • Facilitate adoption of Galileo’s ionospheric correction model

Six stations currently providing data: Quad-band (L1 L2 L5 or E1 E6 E5ab)

62°05 ′07″ S 58°23′ 29″ W

JRC’s ionospheric scintillation receiver

SANSA’s Antarctic Base


Final remarks

• The importance of Space is recognised by the EU • The big EU flagship programs are rolling out

• Galileo: 11 satellites “initially useable” • Copernicus: Sentinel-1A+B, Sentinel-2A, Services

• JRC involved in R&D in these areas • Also Emergency Service, Land cover, Floods, …

• The routine image collection of Sentinel-1 and -2, and its free and open data policy, are providing a huge set of data (in its areas of coverage)

• Possibilities for Sentinel-1 / ALOS-2-Palsar synergy on MDA? (Area coverage / overpass time of day)


Stay in touch

Specific links: Blue Hub – https://bluehub.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ Piracy, Maritime Awareness & Risks – https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/research-topic/piracy-maritime-awareness-and-risks

•EU Science Hub: ec.europa.eu/jrc

•Twitter: @EU_ScienceHub

•Facebook: EU Science Hub - Joint Research Centre

•LinkedIn: Joint Research Centre

•YouTube: EU Science Hub

https://bluehub.jrc.ec.europa.eu/



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Space and MDA research in the context of EU policies. Harm Greidanus.pdf · 9.03.2017 · Joint...

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Transcript of Space and MDA research in the context of EU policies. Harm Greidanus.pdf · 9.03.2017 · Joint...